Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts
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Daugther of Zion : Art of the Ethiopian Ortodox Tewahedo Church
No full textИспреплитана библијским нитима и
мистичним хоризонтима, Етиопија се кроз
векове откривала као простор на којем „небо
додирује земљу”, а духовност и традиција се
сливају у уметност, стварајући јединствену
и непоновљиву хармонију. Њени храмови
исклесани у камену, рукописи на геез језику,
живописне иконе, крстови, талисмани,
јединствени музички облици и литургијски
предмети, као и тајанствено предање „земље
Сиона”, буде у савременом човеку размишљања
и дубоку запитаност. Овом монографијом покушали смо да
скицирамо обрисе те непрегледне историјске,
теолошке и уметничке целине, у којој се
преплићу библијска прошлост, црквена
традиција и вековна народна креативност.
Наша студија је плод дугогодишњих културно
историјских истраживања, посвећеног
сакупљања грађе, проучавања литературе,
превођења текстова, тумачења иконописа
и рукописа, као и праћења етнографских и
археолошких трагова.
Прича о настанку ове књиге необична је колико
и њена тема. Почела је скромно, као идеја да се
превод каталога са изложбе Daughter of Zion:
Orthodox Christian Art from Ethiopia (Израелски
музеј, Јерусалим, 2000) незнатно прошири
и обогати фотографијама, како би се ова
несвакидашња тематика представила домаћој
јавности. Рад на реализацији ове намере отворио
је, међутим, нова интересовања и непрегледне
истраживачке просторе и инспирације, што
је резултирало консултовањем преко две
стотине библиографских јединица из области
уметности, теологије, историје, књижевности,
религије и културе Етиопије. Прегледано је и
неколико хиљада фотографија, како би се, уз
много дилема, направио избор који у највећој
мери одговара садржају монографије, али и
естетском доживљају аутора. За нас као ауторе, али и за остале многобројне
учеснике у реализацији дате студије, овај
подухват није био само уобичајени рад на
научном истраживању, већ и својеврсно духовно
и мисаоно путовање кроз једну од најстаријих
хришћанских традиција, будну у симболима
који одјекују вечним питањима.
Ово непоновљиво ходочашће кроз Абисинију
довело је до јединствених личних искустава,
али и заједничких шетњи по овој фасцинантној
и загонетној земљи. Нећемо претерати ако
кажемо да је током рада на овој књизи Етиопија
постала својеврсни духовни завичај свих нас
који смо неки део себе оставили на њеним
страницама, уписујући се тако заувек у књигу
потресених, озарених и очараних посетилаца
њених духовних и уметничких предела.
Јер, управо као што је речено у Псалмима:
„Етиопија ће пружити руке своје к Богу” (Пс
68, 31), она је, пружила руке и ка свакоме од
нас ко је отворио своје срце и ум, откривајући
да у наизглед туђем лежи нешто дубоко своје,
што нас повезује са исконским коренима
човечанства.
Рад на овом делу подразумевао је, природно, и
низ изазова: потребу за прецизним превођењем
и тумачењем различитих архаичних појмова,
очувањем изворног духа етиопског богословља,
као и критичким читањем историјских
сведочанстава која често стоје на граници
између легенди, предања и чињеница.
Детаљнији описи сваке од адресованих тема,
далеко су опширнији и комплекснији од онога
што је могло стати на странице које следе. Ипак,
надамо се да ће, уз помоћ брижљиво креираног
визуелног идентитета монографије, сегменти
ове јединствене културе дотаћи читаоца и
пренети макар зрак одушевљења који је грејао
све који су били укључени у овај подухват.Монографска издања / Етнографски институт САНУ. Едиција Посебна издања ; књ. 106
Challenging the boom-and-bust models? The fourth millennium BC copper mine of Curak in south-west Serbia
No full textDespite an early surge in copper-ore mining during
the sixth and fifth millennia BC (the ‘boom’),
evidence for metal production in the Balkans
dwindles in the fourth millennium (the ‘bust’).
Here, the authors present new evidence for copper
mining at Curak in south-west Serbia, c. 3800 cal
BC, during this apparent downturn. By integrating
field surveys, excavations and provenance analyses,
they explore activity at the site, challenging the
visibility bias in the archaeological record of this
region for this key period. Rather than a societal
collapse, the authors argue, fewer artefacts may
instead reflect a widening Balkan sphere of
influence
From extreme to everyday: Vocal fry in contemporary theory and practice of music
No full textDoes the widespread adoption of vocal fry in contemporary music truly challenge traditional vocal pedagogy, or merely reflect an evolving understanding of vocal expression? This chapter delves into the pervasive presence of vocal fry in the contemporary soundscape, moving beyond its historical dismissal as an incorrect vocal gesture in classical Western music. It examines how this technique, once relegated to the “extreme”, has become an everyday phenomenon.
Drawing upon a pedagogical and performative approach, this chapter analyzes the integration of vocal fry in both contemporary musical practice and speech patterns. It discusses how composers, performers, and pedagogues increasingly incorporate this technique, and how recent sociolinguistic research highlights its prevalence as a prosodic device in everyday communication. The analysis connects these observations to the broader discourse on voice and sound production, challenging long-held assumptions about “correct” vocalization.
This contribution provides a nuanced understanding of pulse phonation, bridging the gap between its theoretical dismissal and its practical application. It illuminates the ongoing re-evaluation of vocal techniques within a multidisciplinary context, offering valuable insights for future pedagogical approaches and performance practices that embrace the full spectrum of vocal possibilities
Four Rings with the Inscriptions from Timacum Maius (Eastern Moesia Superior)
No full textFor more than ten consecutive years, the archaeologists from the Institute for Balkan Studies of the Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts, in collaboration with the Bordeaux-based Ausonius Institute, have performed the archaeological excavations of the Roman and Byzantine settlement located in the area of the village Niševac near Svrljig, in the Valley of Svrljiški Timok River (Eastern Serbia). It was the first station on the Roman itinerary road between Naissus (Niš) and Trajan’s colony of Ratiaria on the Danube (Artchar in N. W. Bulgaria). In addition to the significant architectural remains and various archaeological findings, four precious rings with inscriptions have been discovered. The first one, published (IMS IV, no. 142), is made of iron and bears the inscription that reads: Γεόργι(ο)ς with the cross centrally positioned.
The second one, unpublished, is made of gold and has a beautifully carved Christogram. The third and fourth are bronze rings, unpublished, with so far not entirely clear inscriptions engraved in two rows. The text on the rings is both in Latin and Greek. This fact points to the very location of Timacum Maius on the significant communication line and the linguistic and administrative border. Although chronologically distinct, the four rings I report raise broader scientific questions regarding the significance of this ancient settlement and its population
Милош Ковачевић, „Не(с)познато у српској синтакси"
No full textРеч је о приказу монографије Милоша Ковачевића „Не(с)познато у српској синтакси", која је објављена је као петнаеста књига у оквиру едиције „Знамен србистике" Одјељења за језик Андрићевог института. Аутор већ на самом почетку објашњава наслов монографије, којим је већ сугерисан њен садржај – непознат и неспознат. Непознати су, како истиче сâм аутор, они садржаји које србистичка и/или сербокроатистичка литература досад није регистровала и њима су посвећене прве четири студије у овој монографији. Неспознати су они садржаји који су у србистичкој и/или сербокроатистичкој литератури тек узгред спомињани и нису потпуно научно осветљени, те се аутор њима бави у другом делу монографије, који, такође, обухвата четири студије
Comparative Analysis of Reduction Techniques Aiming for the Minimization of Contaminated Soil with Red Mud
No full textComparative analysis of red mud reduction techniques was performed using both carbothermal and hydrogen-based reduction methods, combining thermochemical modeling and experimental validation. The reduction process is mostly important because of the high contamination risk assessment of soil with disposed red mud. Therefore, the minimization of red mud during the reduction process can be a novel strategy for the production of metallic iron and solid residue for hydrometallurgical treatment. Different strategies of hydrogen and carbon reduction in static and dynamic conditions were studied between 700 °C and 1700 °C. The separation of solid residue and formed iron was analyzed using magnetic separation. The main aim was to study the advantages and disadvantages of using decarbonizing technologies for the treatment of red mud, aiming to develop an environmentally friendly process. Thermochemical analysis of the reduction offered new data about mass losses during our process through the evaporation, thermal decomposition, and formation of metallic carbide
Smoking of Gentiana lutea leaves: Validation of its traditional use
No full textThe roots and rhizomes of Gentiana lutea L. are officially listed in the European Pharmacopeia and numerous national pharmacopeias and are used mainly to treat gastrointestinal disorders. In contrast, the leaves are traditionally smoked for the treatment of angina pectoris, but scientific support and justification for its traditional use are missing. Therefore, the chemical composition and gentian leaves before and after smoking were investigated in this study. A standardized smoking machine was used to generate cigarette smoke and the chemical constituents were analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The analysis showed that a significant proportion (68.77 %) of the xanthone isogentisin was transferred intact from the leaves to the smoke stream, making it the only compound detected in the smoke condensate. Thermogravimetric analysis revealed that isogentisin underwent thermal decomposition within the temperature range of 250–448 °C. These findings provide scientific evidence supporting the medicinal potential of gentian leaves, with isogentisin identified as the active constituent. Furthermore, the thermal stability profile of isogentisin offers valuable insights into its behavior during combustion.Peer-reviewed manuscript: [https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_dais_17990
The influence of mechanical activation and sintering process on the formation of the spinel phase of MgAl2O4
No full textMagnesium aluminate has the spinel structure and, due to good mechanical, chemical, and thermal properties, has a wide range of applications including refractory ceramics, optically transparent ceramic windows, and armors. Calcined MgO and Al2O3 powders were mixed in a one-to-one molar ratio to produce phase-pure spinel. The MgO powder was calcined at 1000 oC for 1 h prior to mechanical activation to avoid presence of hydroxide and carbonate at the powder surface. The powders were mechanically activated for 15, 30, and 60 min in a high-energy planetary ball mill in air atmosphere. The mechanically activated powders were pressed into pellets and heated to 1300 oC at 10 oC/min and held for 1 h for the reaction. Afterwards pellets were ground and sieved. Synthesized powders were sintered at 1450 oC at 10 oC/min for 2 h and examined for phase composition, crystal structure, and morphology. The results showed that mechanical activation and sintering led to formation of pure spinel phase. Mechanical activation times of 30 min and 60 min led to spinel that was more highly crystalline and phase-pure. Raman spectroscopy showed the presence of all five Raman active modes (A1g + Eg +3T2g), and their positions were in a good agreement with previous investigations. Powder morphology analysis showed that particles were comminuted, but that agglomerates formed for longer activation times. The maximum in the particle size distribution curves decreased from 14.7 μm for non-activated powder to 9.1 μm after 15 min of mechanical activation and 8.1 μm after 30 min of mechanical activation, but increased to10.5 μm after 60 min of activation
Natural Sunlight Driven Photocatalytic Degradation of Methylene Blue and Rhodamine B over Nanocrystalline Zn2SnO4/SnO2
No full textNatural sunlight driven photocatalytic degradation of organic pollutants is a sustainable solution for water purification. Use of heterojunction nanocomposites in this process shows promise for improved photodegradation efficiency. In this work nanocrystalline Zn2SnO4/SnO2 obtained by the solid-state synthesis method was tested as a heterojunction photocatalyst material for the degradation of Methylene Blue (MB) and Rhodamine B (RhB) dyes as single and multicomponent systems in natural sunlight. Characterization of the structure and morphology of the synthesized nanocomposite using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) combined with Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) confirmed formation of Zn2SnO4/SnO2 and heterojunctions between Zn2SnO4 and SnO2 nanoparticles. Photodegradation efficiency of 99.1% was achieved in 120 minutes with 50 mg of the photocatalyst for degradation of MB and 70.58% for degradation of RhB in the same conditions. In the multicomponent system the degradation efficiency of 97.87% for MB and 53.19% for RhB was obtained with only 15 mg of the photocatalyst. Degradation of MB occurred through N-demethylation and the formation of azure intermediates and degradation of RhB occurred through sequential deethylation and fragmentation of the xanthene ring both in single and multicomponent systems
Против предрасуда и дискриминације: музичарке у међуратној Југославији у потрази за социоекономским успоном и друштвеноm афирмацијoм
No full textThis paper explores the challenges and efforts of women musicians in interwar Yugoslavia to improve their working conditions and oppose widespread prejudices. Despite relatively favorable conditions in the Yugoslav labor market for professional musicians, women musicians faced numerous obstacles due to prevalent patriarchal norms and negative representations. These issues were exacerbated by state regulations and policies, as well as the hostile approach of male musicians and biased media framing. I will discuss in detail the dominant narratives on women
musicians and the attempts at creating a professional labor organization. The aim is to emphasize the intricate array of factors that shaped working conditions and everyday life of women musicians in interwar Yugoslavia, as well as the endeavors of this group to enhance their socio-economic
standing and make their voices heard in the public sphere