Procter & Gamble (United Kingdom)
Digital Repository of Archived Publications - Institute for Biological Research Sinisa Stankovic (RADaR)Not a member yet
7316 research outputs found
Sort by
New achievements in tissue culture of the vegetable and medicinal brassica Diplotaxis tenuifolia (L.) DC: Axillary shoot proliferation, somatic embryogenesis and histological analysis, and polyphenolic compounds profile of in vitro and acclimatized plants
No full textWild rocket (Diplotaxis tenuifolia (L.) DC) is widely cultivated as a vegetable crop known for its nutritional and medicinal benefits, but also for its value as an oil, pasture and beekeeping crop. Biotechnological approaches are essential to respond to the new challenges in breeding, as conventional breeding methods have proven insufficient for further improvements. The aim of this study was to develop a shoot regeneration and propagation protocol for D. tenuifolia and to investigate its metabolic profile. Optimal shoot multiplication was achieved using Murashige and Skoog medium (MS) supplemented with 0.2 mg L-1 6-BA, yielding 3.04 shoots per explant. IBA 0.5 mg L-1 promoted shoot rooting and acclimatization (80%) in the greenhouse. Somatic embryogenesis was developed for the first time using immature zygotic embryos (IZE) cultured on MS medium without plant growth regulators (PGR-free) with an embryo-forming capacity of 3.3. Histological observation revealed that the somatic embryos (SEs) have unicellular or multicellular origin and passed through the globular, heart, torpedo and cotyledon stages. PGR-free and MS media supplemented with low doses of cytokinins 6-BA or KIN were satisfactory for both SE germination into plants and secondary SE regeneration. SE-derived plants survived efficiently when transplanted into the soil. The entire SE process from IZE isolation to flowering of the acclimatized plants took a total of 24 weeks. LC/MS analysis revealed that in vitro cultured shoots contained a broader spectrum and higher amount of bioactive polyphenols, especially the selected clone SR1 obtained from the super-regenerative IZE. These results can shorten the breeding process through targeted selection, large-scale propagation and maintenance of desirable clones, but also form the basis for breeding through advanced biotechnological strategies.This is the peer reviewed version of the following article Banjac N, Janošević D, Vinterhalter
B, Gašić U, Trajković M, Petrović M, Krstić-Milošević D. New achievements in tissue
culture of the vegetable and medicinal brassica Diplotaxis tenuifolia (L.) DC: Axillary shoot
proliferation, somatic embryogenesis and histological analysis, and polyphenolic compounds
profile of in vitro and acclimatized plants. in South African Journal of Botany.
2025;187:448-463.
[https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sajb.2025.10.039
Comparative analysis of fish community composition using different sampling methodologies
No full textUzorkovanje elektroribolovom i mrežama sprovedeno je na Dunavu i Savi 2024. radi poređenja dobijenog sastava zajednice riba primenom obeju metoda. Veći diverzitet, ujednačenost i broj bentosnih vrsta u zajednici riba zabeležen je u uzorku mreža, nego elektroribolovom gde su dominirale sitnije pelagijske vrste. Na obe reke srednja dužina i težina jedinki bila je veća u mrežama u odnosu na elektroribolov (T-test, p < 0,05). Kako se elektroribolovom dominantno sakupljaju pelagijske vrste, a mrežarenje omogućava efikasnije uzorkovanje bentosnih vrsta, kombinacijom obe metode, odnosno, tako dobijenih podataka, dobija se potpuniji uvid u biodiverzitet i ekologiju zajednice riba.Sampling with electrofishing and gillnets was carried out on the Danube and the Sava in
2024 to compare the composition of the fish community obtained using these methods. Greater diversity, evenness, and a number of benthic fish species in the community were
recorded based on samples taken with gillnets than electrofishing, where smaller pelagic
species dominated. The mean length and weight of individuals sampled with gillnets were higher on both rivers compared to electrofishing (t-test, p < 0.05). As pelagic species are predominantly collected by electrofishing, and netting enables more efficient sampling of benthic species, employing both methods, i.e., the data thus obtained, provides a more complete insight into the biodiversity and ecology of the fish community.Đukić A, editor. Conference proceedings: 54th Annual Conference of the Serbian Water Pollution Control Society: Water 2025 ; 2025 Jun 16-18; Kopaonik, Serbia. Belgrade: Serbian Water Pollution Control Society; 2025. p. 35-42
Profiling sugars and polyphenolics in raspberry cultivars ‘Willamette’ and ‘Meeker’ grown in Serbia
No full textThe commercial importance of the raspberry for Serbia is significant, as it is largely exported, with an average annual income exceeding 100 million USD. Serbia has a large raspberry production and ranks third in the world with around 98,000 t in 2023. The total area under raspberry cultivation in the Republic of Serbia is approximately 20,000 ha, of which more than 10% is organic. The aim of this study was to analyze the sugar and polyphenol profile of two raspberry cultivars (‘Willamette’ and ‘Meeker’) grown organically and conventionally in some nontraditional locations in Serbia. All organic cultivation was certified, meaning that no mineral fertilizers were used, and pest control was carried out according to the
guidelines for organic cultivation. In both conventional and organic raspberries, the most abundant sugars were glucose (16.549-37.59 mg g-1) and fructose (20.468-37.706 mg g-1) and sucrose (10.01-20.79 mg g-1), while ellagic acid (552.206-1206.819 mg kg-1) and catechin (7.527-12.386 mg g-1) were the most abundant polyphenols. Sucrose, glucose, and fructose together accounted for an average of 87% of all
detected sugars. In comparison, ellagic acid accounted for an average of more than 95% of all quantified polyphenols in raspberry fruit. The sample with the highest sugar content was the organic ‘Willamette’ from the village of Krzava, while the sample with the highest polyphenol content was the organic ‘Willamette’ from the village of Sljivovo. As far as cultivars are concerned, the ‘Willamette’ cultivar showed better results in both organic and conventional cultivation compared to ‘Meeker’. Due to the compounds identified and the high sugar content, as well as the quantified polyphenolic compounds, especially ellagic acid, those two raspberry cultivars from both production systems and different locations in Serbia could be considered as functional foods.International Symposium on Berries between Opportunities and Challenges: EHC2024; 2024 May 12-16; Bucharest, Romania. The Hague : International Society for Horticultural Sciencep; 2025. 77-82. (Acta Horticulturae; Vol. 1444)
Утицај Trichoderma harzianum на биохемијски одговор грашка на инфекцију фитопатогеним гљивама
No full textRhizoctonia solani и Sclerotinia sclerotiorum су фитопатогене гљиве које негативно утичу на годишње приносе у пољопривреди. Неке врсте рода Trichoderma показале су велики потенцијал као биоконтролни агенси који могу значајно умањити штете на пољопривредним добрима које настају услед присуства фитопатогених гљива. У овом раду испитиван је ефекат наведених патогена на клијанце грашка као и протективни утицај Trichoderma harzianum на инфициране биљке. Семена грашка су површински стерилисана, исклијавана три дана у мраку, након чега су гајена на минералном хранљивом медијуму (МS/2) на 22 ± 2ºC и фотопериоду 8/16 (светло/мрак). Извршена је инфекција наношењем плагова медијума са мицелијом фитопатогена и T. harzianum. Ради успешније инфекције у пределу хипокотила сваког клијанца је направљен танак рез помоћу врха стерилне игле. Експеримент је обухватао 7 група: контролну без плага, контролну са плагом стерилног медијума, три групе инфициране мицелијама R. solani, S. sclerotiorum и T. harzianum појединачно, и две групе инфициране комбинацијом фитопатогена и T. harzianum. Након 17 дана групе биљака инфициране фитопатогенима су показале значајно смањење приноса биомасе у односу на контролне групе. Коинфекција T. harzianum довела је до ублажавања ефекта фитопатогена на принос биомасе. Биохемијске анализе показале су велику варијабилност садржаја свих фотосинтетских пигмената, док је инфекција фитопатогенима значајно утицала на смањење односа хлорифила а и б. Сви третмани довели су до повећане активности каталаза и у корену и у изданку. Активост пероксидаза у свим експерименталним групама била је значајно нижа у надземном делу него у корену. Сви третмани су показали супротан ефекат на активност пероксидаза у корену и изданку.Rhizoctonia solani i Sclerotinia sclerotiorum su fitopatogene gljive koje negativno utiču na godišnje prinose u poljoprivredi. Neke vrste roda Trichoderma pokazale su veliki potencijal kao biokontrolni agensi koji mogu značajno umanjiti štete na poljoprivrednim dobrima koje nastaju usled prisustva fitopatogenih gljiva. U ovom radu ispitivan je efekat navedenih patogena na klijance graška kao i protektivni uticaj Trichoderma harzianum na inficirane biljke. Semena graška su površinski sterilisana, isklijavana tri dana u mraku, nakon čega su gajena na mineralnom hranljivom medijumu (MS/2) na 22 ± 2ºC i fotoperiodu 8/16 (svetlo/mrak). Izvršena je infekcija nanošenjem plagova medijuma sa micelijom fitopatogena i T. harzianum. Radi uspešnije infekcije u predelu hipokotila svakog klijanca je napravljen tanak rez pomoću vrha sterilne igle. Eksperiment je obuhvatao 7 grupa: kontrolnu bez plaga, kontrolnu sa plagom sterilnog medijuma, tri grupe inficirane micelijama R. solani, S. sclerotiorum i T. harzianum pojedinačno, i dve grupe inficirane kombinacijom fitopatogena i T. harzianum. Nakon 17 dana grupe biljaka inficirane fitopatogenima su pokazale značajno smanjenje prinosa biomase u odnosu na kontrolne grupe. Koinfekcija T. harzianum dovela je do ublažavanja efekta fitopatogena na prinos biomase. Biohemijske analize pokazale su veliku varijabilnost sadržaja svih fotosintetskih pigmenata, dok je infekcija fitopatogenima značajno uticala na smanjenje odnosa hlorifila a i b. Svi tretmani doveli su do povećane aktivnosti katalaza i u korenu i u izdanku. Aktivost peroksidaza u svim eksperimentalnim grupama bila je značajno niža u nadzemnom delu nego u korenu. Svi tretmani su pokazali suprotan efekat na aktivnost peroksidaza u korenu i izdanku.Stanković M, Bojović B, Stefanović O, Kosanić M, Milutinović M, editors. Program i izvodi saopštenja: Druga konferencija srpskog biološkog društva "Stevan Jakovljević" Kragujevac; 2025 Sep 17-19; Kragujevac, Serbia. p. 150
Uptake and distribution of Cu, Pb, and Zn in Tilia tomentosa Moench: plant tissue and urban soil interactions
No full textThis study analyzed Cu, Pb, and Zn concentrations in roots and leaves of Tilia tomentosa Moench. and associated soil (at 0-10 cm and 10-30 cm) at Bulevar Nikola Tesla (BNT) and Park Ušće (PU) (Belgrade, Serbia), with Fruška Gora Mt. serving as the control. To evaluate its phytoremediation potential, the bioconcentration (BCFRoot and BCFLeaf) and transloca-tion factors (TF) were calculated. Site-dependent variations were observed for all analyzed parameters, especially at BNT at both depths, with Pb and Zn concentrations greater than 200 mg/kg. Leaf Pb concentrations indicated insignificant soil-leaf transfer. Photosynthetic efficiency measurements in T. tomentosa showed similar mean values within the optimum range for plants at all sites (Fv/Fm > 0.800). This indicates high overall vitality in urban habitats with elevated concentrations of potentially toxic elements, as shown by the absence of statistically significant differences in mean chlorophyll fluorescence values between sites. There was a positive correlation between Cu and Zn levels and Fv/Fm in leaves from all analyzed sites. Thus, the species appears well-adapted to the uptake and accumulation of elements that are vital for optimal photosynthesis and other physiological processes, while photosynthetic efficiency is not significantly impacted by their occasional deficiency
Artificial light at night and influence on thyroid gland histology in Triturus newts (Urodela, Salamandridae)
No full textArlificial light at night (ALAN) is one of the major causative agents of global sky
brightenlng during night and drastically increased with urbanization, socio-economic
development and transportation. During the past decade used of Light Emitting Diodes
(LEDs) technology is increased. Beside many benefits to humankind allowing
fundamental activities light during night have potential negative impact on human
health and wild life representing one of the main contributors to global change. ALAN
have great impact on amphibians, the most threatened vertebrate group globally. This
study aimed to investigate the effects of constant nighttime light exposure on the
thyroid gland of metamorphosed juvenile Triturus ivanbureschi through histological
analysis. We utilized LED lighting as the primary outdoor light source, choosing an
intensity of 30 lux and a cool color temperature of 6000K. The juveniles were randomly
assigned to two experimental groups: a control group exposed to natural dark at night
(.0.1 lux), and an experimental group exposed to 30 lux, 6000K LED light during the
night for two months. During day both groups were exposed to 6000K LED lights
intensity of 450 lux to imitate natural day light conditions. Thyroid glands were
examined using standard histological techniques (H&E). Thyroid glands in the control
group appeared more uniform, with smaller follicles, squamous to low cuboidal
epithelium, filled with homogenous, dense colloid in the Iumen. ln contrast, glands
from the light-exposed group exhibited larger follicles with taller epithelium, ranging
from cuboidal to columnar with some follicles show scalloped colloid in the lumen
indicating on increased thyroid activity or hyperfunctioning. This pilot study was conducted on a
small number of animals, and further research is needed to explore effects during the
larval stage and under different lighting condrtions.Abstract booklet: Oral & Poster presentations: 23rd European Congress of Herpetology: SEH2025; 2025 Sep 8-12; Bonn, Germany. Societas Europaea Herpetologica; 2025. p. 263-4
Green solution for lead pollution: phytoremediation with Festuca rubra and brushite-aluminosilicate geopolymer material
No full textABSTRACT
Aluminosilicate materials are known for their high removal efficiency of lead (Pb) ions from aqueous
solutions, whereas in Pb-contaminated soils they can immobilise lead ions and improve soil quality,
contributing to more efficient remediation. Brushite-aluminosilicate geopolymer materials synthesised
from an abandoned, raw kaolinite clay with the addition of 2, 4, and 6 wt% of brushite, were tested for
their efficiency in removing Pb ions with Festuca rubra, which is known to tolerate its high concentration
in soil. The highest efficiency for Pb immobilisation in the soil was observed with the addition of
brushite-metakaolin-based geopolymer GPB2% and GPB6%, whereas physiological and biochemical
parameters indicate a reduction in metal stress with increasing brushite content, as the concentrations
of proline, total phenolic content and antioxidant activity in the shoots of the plants to which GPB6%
was added were even lower than in some samples grown on uncontaminated soil. Moreover, in this
sample the highest concentrations of photosynthetic pigments were found. This study suggests that the
brushite-metakaolin geopolymer material improves the potential of F. rubra in remediation, whereas its
stability and harmlessness to the environment, further recommend its use in the field
Chemical stress assessment in large rivers using the average biomarker response approach with caged fish in situ: a case study on the Danube River in Novi Sad (Serbia)
No full textBackground Exposure assessment of aquatic biota to complex chemical mixtures from anthropogenic sources
and evaluating potential impacts are crucial for mitigating toxic pressure and improving ecological status. The study
focused on a section of the Danube River impacted by untreated municipal wastewater from the city of Novi Sad,
Serbia, as well as partly treated industrial effluents and agricultural runoffs. This research aimed to implement average
biomarker response (ABR) approach and use it as one of the multiple lines of evidence (LOE) to assess the ecological
impact of pollution in complex scenarios, such as those in large rivers with multiple stressors.
Results Cage-exposed specimens of native fish species, Cyprinus carpio, were analyzed for a wide range of biomarkers. Biomarker responses from caged fish were integrated with the biomarker responses of fish from wild populations
of Abramis brama into an ABR value and interpreted using supporting evidence such as chemical analyses, effectbased methods and biomonitoring. Higher ABR values at pollution-impacted sites confirmed the presence of chronic
toxic pressure caused by mixtures of chemicals at sublethal concentrations. Certain groups of biomarkers, such
as those indicating neurotoxic effects, pointed to specific types of pollution confirmed by chemical analyses. Combined with other lines of evidence, ABR provided biologically plausible evidence of ecological impact of pollution
at this hot spot and proved that pollution originating from the urban zone of the city of Novi Sad represents a significant pressure on the Danube ecosystem.
Conclusions The integrated approach effectively assesses complex exposure scenarios in large rivers, evaluating
pollution impact and underscoring the chronic toxic stress from anthropogenic sources. The assessment of biomarker responses in situ, whether based on caging experiments or sentinel biota, requires a comprehensive range
of biomarkers and is overly resource-intensive for regular monitoring. Still, ecological relevance of the results justifies
the efforts when the ecological impact of pollution needs to be assessed. ABR copes with high sample variability typical for in situ experiments, enables integration of inconsistent biomarker response patterns and facilitates the interpretation of the results and potentially wider acceptance of in situ tools in decision-making
Identification and Characterization of Viral and Bacterial Pathogens in Free-Living Bats of Kopaonik National Park, Serbia
No full textThis pilot study investigated the presence of potentially zoonotic microorganisms in bat species from Kopaonik National Park, Serbia. A total of 40 individuals from 12 bat species were sampled and screened using microbiological and molecular methods. Salmonella spp., Chlamydia spp., Coxiella burnetii, Francisella tularensis, Leptospira spp., Lyssavirus, Filoviridae, henipaviruses, and SARS-CoV-2 were not detected in any bats. Coronavirus genomes were confirmed in four bats—one Myotis brandtii, two Myotis daubentonii, and one Myotis cf. mystacinus. Sequence analysis identified the presence of alphacoronavirus genomes with high similarity to strains previously found in Europe. Mycoplasma spp. genomes were found in 18 bats (45%), and Rickettsia spp. were detected in five bats (12.5%), although species-level identification was not possible. The findings highlight the presence of certain bacteria and viruses in bats that could have implications for public health, especially in areas with close human–wildlife interaction. Although no direct evidence of high-risk pathogens was found, the results support the importance of continued surveillance and ecological studies on bats, given their role as potential reservoirs. Monitoring bat-associated microorganisms is essential to better understand possible transmission routes and improve the prevention of emerging zoonotic diseases
Activity of antioxidative enzymes in the blood samples of parturient who underwent an elective caesarean section under general or spinal anesthesia
No full textThe research aims to show the influence of general (GA) and spinal anesthesia (SA) on the oxidative stress of parturient after cesarean section. Enzymatic antioxidant defenses include superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), glutathione reductase (GR), catalase (CAT), as well as glutathione S transferase (GST) and the concentrations of total and non-protein SH groups. Here are presented the analysis of changes in biomarkers of the oxidative stress over three measurements between groups: one hour before the start of the cesarean section (Measurement 1), at the moment of clamping the umbilical cord (Measurement 2) and two hours after the end of the cesarean section (Measurement 3)