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Future of Artificial Intelligence in Developing a Sustainable Intelligent Engineering Systems: A Review
Get PDFStudying the behaviour of engineering systems and processes from the perspective of applications
of artificial intelligence provides an invaluable reference to improve their productivity and industrial
development at large. This study comprehensively unveiled the problems faced by engineering
systems and how artificial intelligence could be deployed as a technique for the future advancement
of the industry. A brief background of the application of artificial intelligence in some selected
engineering fields revealed that insufficient operational and process data from both plants and
processes are major problems causing the survival of sustainable intelligent systems thereby,
leading to incessant system failure. Furthermore, it was equally discovered that artificial intelligent
for specific application are based on the data obtained from such application. Thus, there is no
universally agreed artificial intelligent for a specific application. This made it a bit complex in
developing intelligent systems
Performance of liquid-line magnets and CNT nano-lubricant in a refrigerator with varying mass charge of R600a refrigerant
Get PDFImproving the performance of drop-in hydrocarbon refrigerants for the increasing in-flow of
conventional refrigerators to Nigeria is a necessary sustainable strategy. This experimental study
investigates the enhancement limits of a liquid-line magnetic field, CNT nano-lubricant, and a
combination of both on an R134a domestic refrigerator with 40–70 g each of R600a refrigerants.
The study compares the performance of R600a refrigerant without enhancements (pure) and with
two pairs of 3000 Gauss liquid-line mounted O-ring permanent magnets (Mag),
0.2 g L−1 concentration of CNT nano-lubricant (Nano), and both liquid-line magnet and CNT
nano-lubricant (Mag-Nano). Test parameters include evaporator air temperature, discharge
pressure, power consumption, coefficient of performance (COP), and total equivalent warming
impact (TEWI). The results show that enhancement methods led to higher COP in the range of
16.64–42.38%. At the same time, evaporator air temperature, discharge pressure, power
consumption, and TEWI were lower by 9.76% to 20.96%, 17.75% to 34.26%, 5.22% to 13.42%,
and 5.88% to 10.86%, respectively. In conclusion, the proposed enhancement techniques in the
refrigeration system provide normal, safe, and efficient operation
Performance assessment of a refrigeration system with an integrated condenser under different environmental conditions
Get PDFThis paper presents a workable vapour compression system (VCS) for evaluating the performance
of a refrigeration system with an integrated condenser that uses a long-term alternative refrigerant
to halocarbon as a heat transfer medium (R600a). India’s refrigeration system uses halocarbon
refrigerants due to their excellent thermophysical and thermodynamic properties.
Greenhouse gas emissions from halocarbon refrigerants and fossil fuel combustion contribute to
global warming that engenders climate change and the deterioration of the ecosystem. The
halocarbon refrigerant was discontinued based on high global warming potential. The system was
investigated under various ambient temperatures of 16, 20, 24, and 28 ◦C (oC). The performance
of the VCS was analyzed using the parameters of coefficient performance, compressor work, and
pull-down time (PDT). The experimental result shows that the vapour compression system obtained
its best PDT, enhanced coefficient of performance, and energy reduction when the ambient
temperature was 20 ◦C
Experimental Investigation of Used Vegetable Oil-Diesel Blends as Alternative to Fossil Fuel in Compression Ignition Engine
Get PDFPartial replacement of crude oil is required to solve the challenge of depletion
of fossil fuel and climate change. Environmental problems occur from the
increasing emissions of harmful pollutants and greenhouse gases from the
combustion of fossil fuels. Hence, the use of clean energy sources including
biodiesel is crucial in this century. In this study, the use of waste vegetable oil
blends with diesel (D95B5, D90B10, D85B15, and D80B20) as a retrofit for
pure Diesel (D100) was investigated experimentally in a single-cylinder twostroke
diesel engine. Engine performance indices such as engine torque,
engine power, brake mean effective pressure (BMEP), exhaust gas
temperature, volumetric efficiency, air mass flow, fuel mass flow, air/fuel flow
ratio, and thermal efficiency were assessed for 8, 16, and 24 ml fuel blends.
The volume of fuel blends in the test rig was investigated under constant
temperature (34 °C) conditions. Experimental results revealed that the
blended fuels worked effectively in the rig and D85B15 gave the best
performance within the tested diesel engine. This study established the
possibility of partial replacement of pure diesel with fuel blends of diesel and
used vegetable oil in internal combustion engine
Users’ Knowledge of Fire Safety Measures in Educational Environment: A Case Study of a College Building in Nigeria
Get PDFThis study investigated students' knowledge of the fire safety measures of a college
building in Nigeria, in order to identify areas for improvement, towards contributing to
ways of enhancing effective fire safety management through users' involvement in
educational environments. The research is a case study that adopted quantitative research
approach. Data was gathered from 153 students with the use of a closed-end structured
questionnaire that was analysed with SPSS software. The findings were presented
descriptively with the aid of tables. The results indicated that most of the students’ lacked
knowledge of some basic fire prevention and protection measures which limits their
knowledge of the fire safety measures and protocols of the college building. Likewise,
most of the participants are either not certain of their views or not aware of the locations
of the fire safety signs, and fire exits of the building. The study emphasised the need for
regular fire drills and trainings on fire safety management procedures for regular users of
academic environments in conformity with best practice. The study underscored the need
for users of public environments, especially educational settings, to be knowledgeable in
basic fire safety protocols in order to be able to rightly align with laid down precautions
for saving lives and properties in the event of a fire outbreak
Modeling of Wellbore Heat Transfer in Geothermal Production Well
Get PDFElectricity supply in Nigeria has been insufficient to aid development. It has also been observed that fossil fuels that
supply energy has not been friendly to the environment, as a result an alternative energy source is needed. Geothermal energy has
come to fill this gap. This work modelled wellbore heat transfer in geothermal wells and investigated the best heat mining fluid
that will conserve heat during heat transfer at the wellbore during heat production. This work employed the mechanisms that
greenhouse gases use to absorb heat from the sun and retain it to warm the earth. Simulation of heat extraction capability of steam
and CO2 were studied. It was observed at reservoir conditions (248 OF) that steam Mass heat capacity (2.433 KJ/kg OF) is higher
than that of CO2 (1.088 KJ/kg OF). At 204. 8 OF mass heat capacity of CO2 is 1.1915KJ/kg OF and that of steam is 2.4058 KJ/kg
OF. This implies that steam retains more heat than CO2. From the study at wellbore fluid temperature of 276.8 OF, and at a flow
rate of 1300 lb/hr, the wellbore heat transfer from steam (0.158 mmbtu/day) is slightly higher than that of CO2 (0.105 mmbtu/day).
CO2 conserves more heat than steam when used as a heat transfer fluid. The heat transfer capabilities of the mining fluids determine
the production capability of the heat resources and the quantity of electricity generation. The study recommended CO2 deployment
as heat mining fluid in the exploitation of heat in geothermal resources in Nigeria. This will reduce the greenhouse effect of CO2
in our environment while also encouraging rapid development and economic growth, more especially with the rising cost of energy
from fossil. Availability of geothermal energy will increase the supply of electricity in Nigeria
Psychometric Assessment of Lee Yew’s Leadership Role in Singapore’s Development: A Systematic Review
Get PDFThis study sought psychometric evidence to prove this assertion. Consequently, the leadership attributes of Lee Kuan Yew, the first and longest-serving Prime Minister of Singapore, and the impacts he made on Singapore’s development were explored. Some of the research questions addressed are: What are the valid indicators of development in Singapore at inception and thirty years after? What are the leadership factors that facilitated Singapore’s development? What are the cultural factors that facilitated Yew’s achievement? The concept of Development encompasses various theories in different disciplines and contexts - the Economic Development theory of development, the Human Development and Human Development Index (HDI), the Gross National Happiness (GNH) model, the Dependency theory, the Sustainable Development, and the Participatory Development theory. Likewise, the concept of Leadership encompasses various theories – The Contingency and Situational Leadership theory, and the Ethical leadership theory. The systematic review design was adopted by selecting and analyzing 10 relevant studies gotten from electronic databases, including EBSCO, Scopus, Web of Science, and Sage. Singapore indeed experienced remarkable development within a short space of 30 years, literally leapfrogging from squalor to attainment of GDP which surpassed that of United Kingdom; There were indeed many notable leadership qualities in Lee Yew that instigated the crafting of wise policies and strategies cum dogged implementation drives that led to the remarkable development of Singapore; Some cultural factors that facilitated Yew’s leadership efforts in achieving Singapore’s development were identified. The study provided ample evidences that, given the right conditions, which can always be created by a make-things-happen leader like Lee Yew, everything indeed rises and falls on leadership acumen. This study contributes to existing literature by conducting a systematic review on Lee Yaw’s leadership role in the development of Singapore
The Applications of Federated Learning Algorithm in the Federated Cloud Environment: A Systematic Review
Get PDFFederated learning (FL) refers to a system in which a central aggregator coordinates the
efforts of several clients to solve the issues of machine learning. This setting allows the
training data to be dispersed to protect the privacy of each device. This paper provides an
overview of federated learning systems and how it can be applied in the federated cloud
environment its frameworks, architectures, and applications, we were able to identify from
various literature the Federated Learning technology was most used in the Federated
Cloud/Multi-Cloud Environment, we also identified the use cases, additionally, we were able
to identify the future directions Federated Learning could lean towards
PUBLIC ADMINISTRATIVE PRACTICES AND INMATES’ WELFARE IN MONROVIA CENTRAL PRISON, LIBERIA
Get PDFThe prison system, as a microcosm of society, necessitates effective public administrative practices to ensure the welfare of its inmates. Inmates are thereby dependent on these practices in providing their welfare needs as they undergo the process of rehabilitation. The goal of rehabilitation within prisons is effectively realized through the integration of several public administrative practices and the effectiveness of these practices is crucial for governance, as a result, they are considered as fundamental methods of implementing government policies and managing public affairs. Grounded in POSDCORB (Planning, Organising, Staffing, Directing, Coordinating, Reporting, and Budgeting), the study provides a structured lens to analyse the practices of planning, organising, and directing, and unveils its intricate relationship on healthcare, housing and feeding of inmates at the Monrovia Central Prison. The study therefore adopted the Institutional theory. Thus, with the use of a literature review, a questionnaire, and an interview, both primary and secondary data were gathered. Utilising frequency, percentage, and correlation analysis, the data collected were analysed. The research revealed that public administrative practices have a statistically significant relationship and negative effect on inmates’ welfare at the Monrovia Central Prison, that an increase in public administrative practices will lead to an increase in inmate’s welfare. The study identified critical deficiencies and challenges such as extreme overcrowdedness, old and deplorable infrastructures, inadequate medications, a shortage of medical staff, untreated illnesses, low feeding and malnutrition. The study therefore recommends healthcare support programmes, overcrowding policies, infrastructure renovation, nutritional support and private collaborations to enhance administrative practices towards the better welfare of inmates. The study concludes that interconnected issues of planning, directing, and budgeting has several effects on inmate welfare and advocates for a comprehensive approach to the rehabilitation and well-being of prisoners aiming to reshape the administrative system of prisons in Liberia
Assessment of Daylighting Strategies in Selected Convention Centres for Improved Sustainability
Get PDFThe study aims to assess the extent to which daylighting strategies are implemented in selected
convention centres. The objectives are to identify daylighting strategies utilized in selected convention
centres, and evaluate their adequacy. The study focused on convention centres as they are commercial
buildings that consume large amounts of energy. Three convention centres were conveniently selected at
random in Lagos State, Nigeria due to the easy access for observation. The study used the mixed-method
approach. 100 questionnaires were issued to respondents in each centre and 131 were retrieved and used
for analysis. The data collected were descriptively analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social
Sciences (SPSS), and the results were sorted from the highest to the lowest in terms of their mean item
score (MIS), and presented in tables. The sizes and functions of the identified strategies in the case studies
were analyzed in relation to standards, and the findings were discussed in relation to other researches. It
was revealed that the selected convention centres did not utilize daylighting strategies effectively as they
rely largely on artificial lighting. The findings further revealed that daylighting is not very well considered
at the conceptualization stage of this building typology. The pieces of evidence show that as the elements
in a space are considered, adequate daylight can enter that space and create the potential for energy savings
in lighting. Further studies can be carried out in existing convention centres in other developing countries
to explore the influence of daylighting on energy savings. This paper provides valuable information on
acceptable daylighting strategies based on the observations made which could be incorporated in
convention centres from the design stage, and insight into measuring the adequacy of daylighting strategies
in convention centres in comparison with other researchers’ findings as discussed below