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Clinical knowledge, experiences, and perceptions of yoga providers in arthritis treatment: a UK-based qualitative study
Get PDFObjective: This study explored yoga providers’ clinical knowledge of arthritis, experiences of delivering yoga to people with arthritis, their perceived role in arthritis treatment, and perceived yoga training needs. Methods: Qualitative semi-structured interviews with 20 United Kingdom (UK) - based yoga providers were conducted. The interviews were digitally recorded, transcribed verbatim, and analysed thematically. Results: The analysis generated eight themes. Yoga providers were generally aware of their attendees’ health conditions and had clinical knowledge of arthritis through their yoga training. They were reasonably confident in delivering yoga to attendees with arthritis and felt that they had an important role in supporting these attendees. Gentle yoga practices were considered appropriate by the yoga providers, with a perception that a potential interplay between major components of yoga including yogic poses (asana), breathing practices (pranayama), and meditation (dhyana) and relaxation practices could help impart mind-body benefits in arthritis. Creating a safe and supportive environment in yoga sessions, being empathetic towards attendees’ needs, and offering tailored modifications were perceived to be important for delivering yoga in arthritis treatment. Major system-level challenges to yoga delivery in arthritis treatment included the inadequate promotion of yoga, the unregulated nature of yoga delivery, and the absence of evidence-based arthritis-specific yoga training. Conclusion: Yoga providers felt they could play a key role in arthritis treatment in the UK, provided yoga is adequately promoted and made accessible to people with arthritis, yoga delivery is regulated, and arthritis-specific yoga training using the best available scientific evidence is made accessible to them
Record‐Breaking H2S Capture and ppm‐Level Sensing with a Chemically Stable Porous Organic Cage
Get PDFThe first experimental investigation of a porous organic cage (POC) for the challenging task of H2S capture is reported. The N-containing cage molecular material, a tertiary amine POC (6FT-RCC3), demonstrates the highest H2S (hydrogen sulfide) capture (record capacity) for a porous material at room temperature and atmospheric pressure (20.6mmol H2S g−1; 25 H2S molecules per cage) combined with excellent reversibility for at least five adsorption–desorption cycles. In situ FTIR spectroscopy, solid-state 13C, and 15N CP MAS NMR spectroscopy experiments are applied to investigate the adsorption mechanism, identifying relatively weak interactions via hydrogen bonding. In addition, the fluorescence performances of this POC material are evaluated for the detection and sensing of H2S, where a clear H2S selectivity is observed over other gases. Remarkably, the limit of detection (LOD) is calculated to be 0.13mm (≈4.43ppm) in a tetrahydrofuran (THF) solution of H2S
Discovery of Highly Potent BET Inhibitors based on a Tractable Tricyclic Scaffold
Get PDFThe bromodomain and extra-terminal domain (BET) protein family is a class of epigenetic reader proteins that recognize N-acetylated lysine residues in histone tails, playing a crucial role in gene expression and cell transcription. Selective inhibition of bromodomain-containing proteins (BRDs) disrupts transcription in key oncogenes. Over the past decade there has been considerable interest in developing small molecule BET inhibitors for the treatment of hematological malignancies and solid tumors. Herein, we report the development of a triazinoindole scaffold capable of the inhibition of bromodomain-containing protein 4 (BRD4), with either dimethylisoxazole or dimethyltriazole substituents acting as chemomimetics of the N-acetylated lysine residues. Derivatization of the parent scaffold afforded the lead compound, which displays low nanomolar affinity toward BRD4-BD1 with a favorable physicochemical and in vitro stability profile
The Swan of Sparta: A New Reading of the Epitaph for Alcman by Leonidas of Tarentum (Anth. Pal. 7.19 = 57 G.-P.)
No full textThis article suggests a new interpretation of a troubled passage of the epitaph for the poet Alcman by the Hellenistic poet Leonidas of Tarentum (A.P. 7.19 = 57 GP). It argues that with minimal changes to the text of l.3 one can make better sense of the line and ultimately provide a better understanding of the whole epigram and its poetic imagery, corroborated by parallels both in Alcman's poetry and other passages of Greek literature
Optimizing ballast reinforcement: comparative analysis of single and double-layer geogrid configurations through pullout tests
No full textThis study investigates the reinforcement mechanism of double-layer geogrid-reinforced ballast through a series of single-layer and double-layer pullout tests. The effects of geogrid layers, aperture size, and reinforcement depth were analyzed in detail. A coefficient of double-layer reinforcement effect (η) was introduced to evaluate the capacity of double-layer reinforcement and identify optimal laying depths. Results indicate that the peak pullout resistance at a depth of 300 mm is significantly higher than at shallower depths (100 mm and 200 mm). Additionally, the 65 mm aperture geogrid demonstrated a 33–44% increase in pullout resistance compared to the 32 mm aperture geogrid. The pullout resistance of double-layer geogrids surpassed the combined resistances of two single-layer geogrids, with the synergistic interlocking zone enhancing resistance. The combination of geogrids at depths of 200–300 mm with a 65 mm aperture produced the highest synergistic interlocking, achieving an η value of 1.28. Additionally, single-layer pullout within double-layer layout tests confirmed the mutual effect between adjacent geogrids, which was inversely correlated with the spacing of layers. The research findings provide valuable insights for the practical implementation of double-layer geogrid-reinforced ballast schemes in railway engineering
Lois Kemp, English evidential -ly adverbs from a functional perspective. Amsterdam: LOT (Netherlands Graduate School of Linguistics 682), 2024. Pp. xv + 143. ISBN 9789460934667.
No full textDifferent mint, same engraver: engraver-sharing at Caracalla tetradrachm mints in the southern Levant
Get PDFThis article looks at the work of die engravers who worked for multiple mints of Roman tetradrachms, a phenomenon known as engraver-sharing. Building on art-historical methods developed in other areas of ancient art and adapting them to suit this particular genre, the hands of individual engravers are, for the first time, identified and their work is traced across different mints in the southern Levant. These identifications provide important evidence for mint attributions and elucidate how engravers organized their work at the mints, thus providing a first glimpse of the tetradrachm manufacturing process
The Effect of a Single Session of Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation on Attention in Pediatric Acquired Brain Injury: Characterizing Interindividual Structural and Functional Network Response Variability
Get PDFBackgroundApproximately 1 in 4 children who sustain an acquired brain injury (ABI) have attention difficulties impacting education, employment, and community participation. These difficulties arise from dysfunction in attention-related brain networks, incentivising the use of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS).Objective/HypothesisWe investigated whether a single tDCS session improved attention following childhood ABI and whether baseline structural connectivity (sc), functional connectivity (fc), attention, and/or simulated electric fields (E-field) explained variability in response.MethodsIn a randomised, single-blind, within-subject, sham-controlled trial, 15 children with ABI (mean 12.7 years) and 15 healthy controls (HCs) received three single tDCS sessions (1mA dorsolateral prefrontal cortex [dlPFC], 1mA inferior frontal gyrus [IFG], sham; 20min) during gamified attention training. We examined post-intervention changes in attention according to flanker and stop signal reaction time (RT). We used multi-modal analyses (high-density electroencephalography [HD-EEG], diffusion tensor imaging, magnetic resonance imaging) to investigate inter-individual variability in tDCS response, according to associations between RT change and baseline fc, sc, attention, and E-fields.ResultsAlthough no effect of active versus sham tDCS was found overall, participants with lower theta or higher gamma default mode network connectivity and poorer attention at baseline showed greater response to tDCS. Higher E-fields were associated with greater response. No serious adverse effects occurred.ConclusionsA single tDCS session targeting dlPFC or IFG did not improve attention following pediatric ABI. We demonstrated how HD-EEG source-based connectivity may be used to personalise tDCS. Future research should explore whether personalization, and/or repeated tDCS sessions can improve attention following pediatric ABI
Precise spike-timing information in the brainstem is well aligned with the needs of communication and the perception of environmental sounds
Get PDFThe dynamic fluctuations in the amplitude of sound, known as sound envelopes, are ubiquitous in natural sounds and convey information critical for the recognition of speech, and of sounds generally. We are perceptually most sensitive to slow modulations which are most common. However, previous studies of envelope coding in the brainstem found an under-representation of these slow, low-frequency, modulations. Specifically, the synchronization of spike times to the envelope was enhanced in some neuron types, forming channels specialized for envelope processing but tuned to a restricted range of fast, high-frequency, envelopes (200–500 Hz). Here, we show using a historical dataset from cats that previous analyses, which made strong assumptions about the neural code, underestimated the encoding of low-frequency envelopes. While some neurons encode envelope better than others, most encode a wide range of envelope frequencies, and represent slower envelope fluctuations most accurately in their precise patterns of spike times. Identification of envelope frequency from spike-timing was linked to reliability, and to the way that dynamics of spiking interacted with the time-varying envelope. In some of the best-performing neurons, temporally complex “mode-locked” spike patterns served to enhance envelope coding. A second long-standing contradiction was that neural envelope coding is degraded at high sound levels, whilst the perception of envelope is robust at a wide range of sound levels. We find that spike-time encoding of envelope shape becomes level-robust for small populations of neurons. These findings argue against feature-specific coding of envelopes in the brainstem, and for a distributed population spike-time code for which synchrony to the envelope is an incomplete description. This code is accurate for slow fluctuations and robust across sound level. Thus, precise spike-timing information in the brainstem is after-all aligned with the needs of communication and the perception of environmental sounds
Interactive Knowledge-Based Kernel PCA for Solvent Selection
Get PDFSelecting more sustainable solvents is a crucial component to mitigating the environmental impacts of chemical processes. Numerous tools have been developed to address this problem within the pharmaceutical industry, employing data-driven approaches such as multidimensional scaling or principal component analysis (PCA). Interactive knowledge-based kernel PCA is a variant of PCA that allows users to shape 2D solvent maps by defining the positions of data points, imparting expert knowledge that was not included in the original descriptor set. We have applied interactive PCA to the task of solvent selection and present an intuitive interface that is integrated into AI4Green, an electronic laboratory notebook that encourages sustainable chemistry. A set of evidence-based user guidelines were developed and used in combination with the interactive PCA to identify four potential solvent substitutions for an example thioesterification reaction
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