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alterations in primary and secondary Sézary syndrome: A diagnostic tool for the assessment of malignancy in patients with erythroderma
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Reconstructing spectral cues for sound localization from responses to rippled noise stimuli
No full textSubsequent biotic crises delayed marine recovery following the late Permian mass extinction event in northern Italy
No full textRisk of dementia from proton pump inhibitor use in Asian population: A nationwide cohort study in Taiwan
No full textConcerns have been raised regarding the potential association between proton pump inhibitor (PPI) use and dementia.This study aimed to examine this association in an Asian population.Patients initiating PPI therapy between January 1, 2000 and December 31, 2003 without a prior history of dementia were identified from Taiwan’s National Health Insurance Research Database. The outcome of interest was all-cause dementia. Cox regression models were applied to estimate the hazard ratio (HR) of dementia. The cumulative PPI dosage stratified by quartiles of defined daily doses and adjusted for baseline disease risk score served as the primary variables compared against no PPI use. for trend = .013). Subgroup analysis showed excess frequency of dementia in PPI users diagnosed with depression (aHR 2.73 [1.91–3.89]), hyperlipidemia (aHR 1.81 [1.38–2.38]), ischemic heart disease (aHR 1.55 [1.12–2.14]), and hypertension (aHR 1.54 [1.21–1.95]).An increased risk for dementia was identified among the Asian PPI users. Cumulative PPI use was significantly associated with dementia. Further investigation into the possible biological mechanisms underlying the relationship between dementia and PPI use is warranted
Treatment of ruptured intracranial aneurysms yesterday and now
No full textThis prospective study is designed to detect changes in the treatment of ruptured intracranial aneurysms over a period of 17 years.We compared 361 treated cases of aneurysm occlusion after subarachnoid hemorrhage from 1997 to 2003 with 281 cases from 2006 to 2014. Specialists of neuroradiology and vascular neurosurgery decided over the modality assignment. We established a prospective data acquisition in both groups to detect significant differences within a follow-up time of one year. With this setting we evaluated the treatment methods over time and compared endovascular with microsurgical treatment.When compared to the earlier group, microsurgical treatment was less frequently chosen in the more recent collective because of neck-configuration. Endovascular treatment was chosen more frequently over time (31.9% versus 48.8%). Occurrence of initial symptomatic ischemic stroke was significantly lower in the clipping group compared to the endovascular group and remained stable over time. The number of reinterventions due to refilled treated aneurysms significantly decreased in the endovascular group at one-year follow-up, but the significantly better occlusion- and reintervention-rate of the microsurgical group persisted. The rebleeding rate in the endovascular group at one year follow-up decreased from 6.1% to 2.2% and showed no statistically significant difference to the microsurgical group, anymore (endovascular 2.2% versus microsurgical 0.0%, p = 0.11).Microsurgical clipping still has some advantages, however endovascular treatment is improving rapidly
Evaluation of Fundus Blood Flow in Normal Individuals and Patients with Internal Carotid Artery Obstruction Using Laser Speckle Flowgraphy
No full textWe investigated whether laser speckle flowgraphy (LSFG) results are comparable in both eyes and whether it is useful in the diagnosis of disparity in ocular ischemic syndrome (OIS) patients.We compared the mean blur rate (MBR) value for various fundus regions in both eyes of 41 healthy subjects and 15 internal carotid artery occlusion (ICAO) cases. We calculated the standard value of the Laterality Index (LI), which was the MBR comparison of both eyes in each of the regions, in the control subjects. We then investigated the correlation between both eyes for the LIs in the entire fundus, the degree of ICAO and visual function.The disparity of the LIs in both eyes was least in the entire area of the fundus in control subjects and there was a significant correlation between both eyes of the 41 healthy individuals (P = 0.019). Significant correlations were found for the LI, visual acuity and degree of ICAO. The specificity and sensitivity of LI in the entire area was 93.8% and 100%, respectively.LSFG revealed normal individuals have symmetrical fundus blood flow. LSFG could detect OIS and might be a useful tool for detecting disparities in fundus blood flow
