Revista REGEP
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THE NEW KID ON THE BLOCK TAKES US TO THE FIFTH INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION
Full text linkObjectives: Conscious leadership is an emerging field in leadership theory that focuses on the integration of spiritual, emotional, and physical intelligence, as well as sustainability and ecological concerns. This article presents a literature review aiming to establish a solid foundation for understanding conscious leadership and to contribute to theory development in this area. The research question asked was if a conscious leadership style will be able to lead organisations in the Fifth Industrial Revolution.
Theoretical Frameworks: The study examines the current debates among scholars regarding the concept of conscious leadership and explores its possible roots in Heidegger's philosophical understanding of Dasein and Viktor Frankl's logotherapy. Additionally, the role of Ubuntu in the African context is investigated.
Methodology: The methodology employed for the literature review is the integrative approach, which involves synthesising research findings on a meta-level to advance knowledge and theory development. This approach is suitable when research questions require a creative collection of data.
Results: The findings of this article contribute to the conceptualisation of conscious leadership theory and provide insights into the principles and characteristics of conscious leaders.
Research Implications: The results of this research can be used to enhance leadership studies and to enrich current leadership frameworks and theories.
Value: The originality of this article lies in its combination of the Ubuntu philosophy with the philosophies of people such as Heidegger and Victor Frankl. This has never before been done. This is also a first attempt to provide a philosophical foundation for conscious leadership, which is a relatively new addition to the bouquet of leadership styles
APPLYING LEAN MANUFACTURING TO INCREASE PRODUCTIVITY
Full text linkObjective: Analyze and demonstrate how the application of the Lean Manufacturing methodology can increase productivity in manufacturing companies by identifying key tools, reducing waste and optimizing resources.
Theoretical Framework: Lean Manufacturing es una metodología derivada del Sistema de Producción Toyota (TPS) que busca maximizar el valor para el cliente mediante la eliminación de desperdicios y la mejora continua.
Method: A systematic literature review was conducted in scientific databases, selecting relevant studies from the last five years. Lean Manufacturing was compared with other management methodologies, such as Six Sigma and TQM, and success stories from different industries were analyzed.
Results and Discussion: The results show that Lean Manufacturing improves operational efficiency, reduces costs and optimizes processes by eliminating non-value-added activities. Key tools such as 5S, VSM, TPM and Kaizen were identified and have been successfully implemented in several companies to improve quality and productivity.
Research Implications: The study offers a practical guide for the implementation of Lean Manufacturing in manufacturing industries, providing theoretical and empirical evidence of its benefits. It also contributes to academic knowledge by analyzing its impact on different sectors and its integration with emerging technologies.
Originality/Value: This article highlights the applicability of lean manufacturing beyond the automotive sector, identifying its advantages and future prospects in Industry 4.0. The research provides a valuable framework for companies seeking to improve their efficiency through waste reduction and continuous improvement
THE IMPACT OF POLYGYNOUS MARRIAGE ON SELECT MËRANAW FAMILIES IN MARAWI CITY
Full text linkObjective: Polygyny is an Islamic practice that allows Muslim men to marry up to four under special conditions and circumstances. This paper specifically seeks to address the following objectives: a. give a glimpse into the families' lives in a polygynous marriage; b. discuss the impact of polygyny among the Mëranaw families in Marawi City; c. enumerate some pros and cons of polygyny among the families involved.
Theoretical Framework: This study is grounded on Islamic principles based on Qur’an and Hadith and cultural norms surrounding polygyny.
Method: This study used qualitative research approach that is narrative in design. For the raw data used in this study, twenty (20) key informants – spouses, wives, and children – who were part of polygynous families were personally interviewed. Secondary sources such as articles and books were also used to support the primary source.
Results and Discussion: The data reveal that several scenarios have demonstrated that polygyny is possible within a family and that members can coexist peacefully, based on the three perspectives of wives, husbands, and children. Polygyny undoubtedly has disadvantages, just like any other type of relationship and, in the wrong hands, can cause a family to disintegrate. Nevertheless, others see polygyny as a solution to their problems with husbands' reproductive needs and wives' infertility—as well as seeking for companionship.
Research Implications: This study contributes to the understanding of polygyny in the context of Mëranaw families in Marawi City, providing insights for policymakers, researchers, individuals contemplating polygynous marriage.
Originality/Value: By offering a nuanced and multifaceted exploration of polygyny, this research highlights the diverse experiences and complexities inherent in polygynous families
TIME SERIES BASED FINANCIAL FORECASTING MODELS
Full text linkObjective: The purpose of this study is to develop financial component forecasting models that enable more accurate financial planning, allowing businesses to gain a competitive advantage.
Theoretical Framework: Time series-based Convolutional Neural Network-Long Short-Term Memory (CNN-LSTM), Multi-Quantile Recurrent Neural Network (MQRNN), and Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) models have been developed for forecasting financial components.
Method: Forecasting models have been developed for two different months (June and July) using a dataset containing 291 rows of weekly data from 01.01.2017 to 31.07.2022. The dataset includes data for five different finanacial components including sales, purchase, cash payment, cash collection, and card collection. The performance of the models has been evaluated using Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE).
Results and Discussion: The MAPE values obtained with the developed forecasting models range from 2.44% to 26.57%. The CNN-LSTM model exhibits the highest predictive performance among the evaluated models.
Research Implications: This research makes significant contributions to financial forecasting and planning by highlighting effectiveness of time series methods. It demonstrates that models developed using CNN-LSTM, MQRNN, and ARIMA perform differently for various financial components, with each model excelling under specific conditions. Practically, these models help businesses improve financial planning, optimize costs, and enhance profit margins.
Originality/Value: This study contributes to literature by evaluating the effectiveness of time series methods in financial forecasting models. The findings are applicable in areas such as financial services, retail, and business strategy, offering value for financial risk management, sales forecasting, and long-term decision-making
A Influência da Autoridade Gerencial sobre os Funcionários: Uma Comparação Entre Dois Contextos Nacionais
Full text linkObjective: This study investigates the impact of authoritarian leadership on employees' well-being, motivation, and performance in two distinct cultural contexts: Tunisia and Bahrain. The research aims to analyze how different hierarchical structures influence employees' perceptions of authority and its effects on workplace dynamics.
Theoretical Framework: This study is grounded in leadership and organizational behavior theories, particularly the contingency theory of leadership and Hofstede’s cultural dimensions. These frameworks provide a foundation for understanding how cultural values shape the perception and effectiveness of authoritarian leadership.
Method: A quantitative approach was employed, using structured questionnaires based on validated measurement scales. Data were collected from 200 employees working in two companies: Indigo (Tunisia) and Azadea (Bahrain). The study examines employees' responses to different aspects of authoritarian leadership, including their well-being, motivation, and performance.
Results and Discussion: The findings reveal that in Tunisia, a moderate hierarchical structure fosters a balance between authority and autonomy, leading to a positive impact on employees' well-being, motivation, and performance. In contrast, in Bahrain, a rigid hierarchical system is associated with a decline in employee well-being and performance, despite an increase in motivation. These differences emphasize the role of cultural and organizational contexts in shaping leadership effectiveness.
Research Implications: The study provides valuable insights for multinational companies operating in diverse cultural environments. Understanding how employees perceive and respond to authority can help managers adapt their leadership styles to enhance workplace engagement and productivity. The results highlight the need for leadership approaches that are sensitive to cultural variations.
Originality/Value: This research contributes to the literature on intercultural leadership by demonstrating the importance of adapting managerial practices to cultural contexts. The study’s comparative approach offers new perspectives on the effectiveness of authoritarian leadership and provides practical recommendations for organizations aiming to optimize leadership strategies across different cultural settings.Objetivo: Este estudio investiga el impacto del liderazgo autoritario en el bienestar, la motivación y el desempeño de los empleados en dos contextos culturales distintos: Túnez y Baréin. El objetivo de la investigación es analizar cómo diferentes estructuras jerárquicas influyen en la percepción de la autoridad por parte de los empleados y sus efectos en la dinámica laboral.
Marco Teórico: El estudio se basa en teorías de liderazgo y comportamiento organizacional, particularmente en la teoría de la contingencia del liderazgo y en las dimensiones culturales de Hofstede. Estos marcos teóricos proporcionan una base para comprender cómo los valores culturales moldean la percepción y la eficacia del liderazgo autoritario.
Método: Se empleó un enfoque cuantitativo, utilizando cuestionarios estructurados basados en escalas de medición validadas. Los datos fueron recopilados de 200 empleados que trabajan en dos empresas: Indigo (Túnez) y Azadea (Baréin). El estudio examina las respuestas de los empleados en relación con diferentes aspectos del liderazgo autoritario, incluidos su bienestar, motivación y desempeño.
Resultados y Discusión: Los resultados revelan que, en Túnez, una estructura jerárquica moderada favorece un equilibrio entre autoridad y autonomía, lo que genera un impacto positivo en el bienestar, la motivación y el desempeño de los empleados. En contraste, en Baréin, un sistema jerárquico rígido está asociado con una disminución en el bienestar y el desempeño de los empleados, a pesar de un aumento en la motivación. Estas diferencias enfatizan el papel de los contextos culturales y organizacionales en la efectividad del liderazgo.
Implicaciones de la Investigación: El estudio proporciona información valiosa para empresas multinacionales que operan en entornos culturales diversos. Comprender cómo los empleados perciben y responden a la autoridad puede ayudar a los gerentes a adaptar sus estilos de liderazgo para mejorar el compromiso y la productividad en el lugar de trabajo. Los resultados destacan la necesidad de enfoques de liderazgo sensibles a las variaciones culturales.
Originalidad/Valor: Esta investigación contribuye a la literatura sobre liderazgo intercultural al demostrar la importancia de adaptar las prácticas gerenciales a los contextos culturales. El enfoque comparativo del estudio ofrece nuevas perspectivas sobre la eficacia del liderazgo autoritario y proporciona recomendaciones prácticas para organizaciones que buscan optimizar estrategias de liderazgo en diferentes entornos culturales.Objetivo: Este estudo investiga o impacto da liderança autoritária no bem-estar, motivação e desempenho dos funcionários em dois contextos culturais distintos: Tunísia e Bahrein. O objetivo da pesquisa é analisar como diferentes estruturas hierárquicas influenciam a percepção da autoridade pelos funcionários e seus efeitos na dinâmica do ambiente de trabalho.
Referencial Teórico: O estudo baseia-se em teorias de liderança e comportamento organizacional, particularmente na teoria da contingência da liderança e nas dimensões culturais de Hofstede. Esses referenciais teóricos fornecem uma base para entender como os valores culturais moldam a percepção e a eficácia da liderança autoritária.
Método: Foi adotada uma abordagem quantitativa, utilizando questionários estruturados baseados em escalas de medição validadas. Os dados foram coletados de 200 funcionários que trabalham em duas empresas: Indigo (Tunísia) e Azadea (Bahrein). O estudo examina as respostas dos funcionários em relação a diferentes aspectos da liderança autoritária, incluindo bem-estar, motivação e desempenho.
Resultados e Discussão: Os resultados revelam que, na Tunísia, uma estrutura hierárquica moderada favorece um equilíbrio entre autoridade e autonomia, resultando em um impacto positivo no bem-estar, motivação e desempenho dos funcionários. Em contraste, no Bahrein, um sistema hierárquico rígido está associado a uma queda no bem-estar e no desempenho dos funcionários, apesar do aumento da motivação. Essas diferenças ressaltam o papel dos contextos culturais e organizacionais na eficácia da liderança.
Implicações da Pesquisa: O estudo fornece insights valiosos para empresas multinacionais que operam em ambientes culturais diversos. Compreender como os funcionários percebem e respondem à autoridade pode ajudar os gestores a adaptar seus estilos de liderança para melhorar o engajamento e a produtividade no ambiente de trabalho. Os resultados destacam a necessidade de abordagens de liderança sensíveis às variações culturais.
Originalidade/Valor: Esta pesquisa contribui para a literatura sobre liderança intercultural, demonstrando a importância de adaptar as práticas gerenciais aos contextos culturais. A abordagem comparativa do estudo oferece novas perspectivas sobre a eficácia da liderança autoritária e fornece recomendações práticas para organizações que buscam otimizar estratégias de liderança em diferentes ambientes culturais
A IMAGEM DE DEUS E A NATUREZA: A COSMOLOGIA DE SÃO FRANCISCO DE SALES NO HORIZONTE DE UMA ESPIRITUALIDADE ECOLÓGICA
Full text linkObjetivo: O objetivo deste estudo é investigar a imagem de Deus e a natureza, com o intuito de refletir sobre o mistério da criação à luz da teologia espiritual salesiana, abre-se a uma noção de Deus que está inata no ser humano.
Referencial Teórico: Destacam-se a teologia de Francisco de Sales.
Método: O estudo tem a preocupação teológico-espiritual e se realizou uma abordagem qualitativa, a partir de pesquisa bibliográfica. A coleta de dados foi realizada por meio de pesquisa documental diretamente nos vinte e seis tomos das Obras completas.
Resultados e Discussão: Os resultados obtidos revelaram que a pessoa humana encontra na natureza as leis que confere harmonia. Dessa forma, ao constatar que a criação é fruto do amor criador e salvador de Deus, a espiritualidade salesiana afirma que o ser humano está todo envolvido na criação ao respeitar a interconexão com o cosmo Assim sendo, não é preciso simplesmente reparar o mundo, é preciso mudar o coração humano, em consequência o modelo econômico e energético e cultural.
Implicações da Pesquisa: As implicações práticas e teóricas desta pesquisa são discutidas, fornecendo insights sobre como os resultados podem ser aplicados ou influenciar práticas no campo da teologia espiritual. Essas implicações podem abranger a ecologia e a educação.
Originalidade/Valor: Este estudo contribui para a literatura ao ver a ecologia inseparável da concepção do humano. A relevância e o valor desta pesquisa são evidenciados pelo pensamento de Francisco de Sales, sobretudo porque ele viveu numa época em que a questão do humano estava no centro de uma cultura humanista. Um estudo que integra ecologia, ser humano e espiritualidade segundo Francisco de Sales deverá ter em conta a dimensão humanista do seu pensamento
THE IMPACT OF OFFICIAL EXTERNAL FINANCING ON THE PERFORMANCE OF SMALL AND MEDIUM ENTERPRISES: A CASE STUDY OF A SAMPLE OF INDUSTRIAL COUNTRIES FOR THE PERIOD 2007-2022
Full text linkObjective This study aims to examine the impact of official external financing on the performance of small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in industrial countries over the period 2007-2022. SME performance is measured using turnover and added value, while official external financing is represented by outstanding business loans, government loan guarantees, and venture capital.
Theoretical Framework: The study highlights the significant role of SMEs in economic support and emphasizes financing as a key factor affecting their performance amidst challenges.
Method: A descriptive-analytical approach is adopted, collecting data on financing mechanisms and SME performance. A case study methodology is used for practical insights, and quantitative methods analyze the relationship between financing and SME performance.
Results and Discussion: The results show a significant positive impact of outstanding business loans on both turnover and added value of SMEs. Specifically, an increase of one million USD in business loans leads to increases of 0.22347 million USD in turnover and 0.272525 million USD in added value. Government loan guarantees and venture capital had no statistically significant effect.
Research Implications: The study emphasizes the importance of outstanding business loans as a financing mechanism and advocates for policy development to enhance access to financing, as well as improving government loan guarantees and venture capital.
Originality/Value: This study contributes to the literature by providing empirical evidence on the impact of financing mechanisms on SME performance in industrial countries. It offers insights for policymakers to drive economic performance and enhance SME competitiveness
EXPLORING THE ROLE OF PERCEIVED CSR INTERACTIVITY INFLUENCING CUSTOMER BRAND CO-CREATION BEHAVIOR-TAKE XIAOHONGSHU FOR AN EXAMPLE
Full text linkObjective: With the advancement of CSR interactivity, this study used stimulus-organism-response (SOR) theory to test the stimuli of CSR interactivity influencing customer brand co-creation behavior.
Theoretical Framework: With the advancement of CSR interactivity, few studies explore the role of CSR interactivity influencing users’ behaviors. To fill the gap, stimulus-organism-response (SOR) theory was used to test the stimuli of CSR interactivity influencing customer brand co-creation behavior. Base on this theory, we explored the effect of CSR interactivity on brand uniqueness, brand love and customer brand co-creation behavior from the users’ perspective.
Method: The participants are individuals with experiences in join Xiaohongshu’s CSR interactive activities. We recruited participants through convenience sampling and a total of 296 valid questionnaires were collected.
Results and Discussion: The findings proved the role of CSR interactivity on enhancing brand uniqueness and brand love. Regarding the effect of brand uniqueness on brand love, the finding suggested that brand uniqueness positively impacts brand love. In addition, the result identified customer brand co-creation behavior via brand uniqueness and brand love.
Research Implications: Through the understanding of the positive role of user’ perceived CSR interactivity on social media influencing CBCB, managers can promote CSR-related campaigns on social media to strengthen the interactions with users. In addition, brand uniqueness is likely to influence CBCB, managers can stress the importance of featured advertising claims in marketing activities to deliver a unique image. And the emotional antecedent of brand love can lead to CBCB.
Originality/Value: With the advancement of CSR interactivity, few studies explore the role of CSR interactivity influencing users’ behaviors. To fill the gap, stimulus-organism-response (SOR) theory was used to test the stimuli of CSR interactivity influencing customer brand co-creation behavior. Base on this theory, we explored the effect of CSR interactivity on brand uniqueness, brand love and customer brand co-creation behavior from the users’ perspective
QUESTÕES METODOLÓGICAS PARA A REABILITAÇÃO TIPOLÓGICA E CONSTRUTIVA DA HABITAÇÃO TRADICIONAL DO CENTRO HISTÓRICO DE GUIMARÃES, PORTUGAL
Full text linkObjetivo: O objetivo deste artigo pressupõe uma análise à habitação considerada tipicamente vimaranense, que resulta de um processo de várias transformações desde as primeiras fixações no território e as alterações económicas, socais e construtivas que foram condicionando a arquitetura e a própria cidade.
Estrutura Teórica: A estrutura desta reflexão, após uma breve Introdução, em que se dão conta das principais caraterísticas do Centro Histórico de Guimarães, o capítulo 2 descreve a evolução construtiva da habitação desse mesmo Centro. No capítulo 3, com o título “A Casa Vimaranense – Proposta de Reabilitação” apresenta-se um caso prático, com as respetivas peças desenhadas e considerações tipológicas, técnicas e construtivas. Para terminar, na Conclusão, tecemos considerações sobre a relevância da recuperação no Património edificado e, principalmente aquele que se encontra nos centros históricos.
Método: O método utilizado nesta pesquisa, para além do conhecimento empírico das situações apresentadas, promove uma análise crítica dos argumentos apresentados por autores que estudaram os mesmos assuntos; sem nunca perder de vista a complexidade que a arquitetura contempla. Deste modo, a integração de um conjunto de saberes diversificados é fulcral para uma visão holísticas dos problemas e das soluções. Avançamos com um raciocínio dedutivo, que parte do geral para o particular e da teoria para a prática e, ao invés, de um raciocínio indutivo, que parte do particular para o geral, da prática para a teoria.
Resultados e Discussão: Os resultados tornam-se num conjunto de argumentos particulares, que pretendem produzir uma visão própria, uma visão em que a arquitetura se apresenta como um ofício capaz de influenciar a vida das pessoas. Considerando as novas exigências sociais e mantendo as técnicas construtivas, objetiva-se neste artigo o modelo de evolução da cidade de Guimarães a partir do seu Centro Histórico classificado Património da Humanidade pela UNESCO e procede-se à análise das questões estruturais e materiais que se apresentam como relevantes para o desenvolvimento prático de uma proposta de reabilitação de uma habitação tradicional no referido Centro Histórico. (Guimarães, 2024).
Implicações da Pesquisa: Esta pesquisa permite servir de exemplo para o estudo da intervenção em habitações tradicionais e apoiar a definição de estratégias para a reabilitação de espaços urbanos de interesse histórico, nomeadamente os classificados pela UNESCO.
Originalidade/Valor: Permite-nos esta pesquisa atribuir o “justo” valor ao património, à reabilitação, aos centros históricos e, simultaneamente, à cidade de Guimarães. Tendo a disseminação deste assunto já ter dado os seus frutos; pois outros artigos, destes mesmos autores, têm tido grande visibilidade no meio académico e científico
MODELING THE EURO/DOLLAR EXCHANGE RATE USING EXTREME VALUE THEORY
Full text linkObjective: This study examines the application of Extreme Value Theory (EVT) in economics to understand and manage rare, high-impact events that affect financial markets and economic stability.
Theoretical framework: EVT provides a statistical foundation for modeling extreme variations in financial data, making it an essential tool for risk assessment and economic decision-making. By estimating the probability of extreme fluctuations, EVT enhances the understanding of financial risk exposure.
Method: We analyze daily Eurodollar exchange rate data from January 1, 1999, to March 22, 2024, obtained from Yahoo Finance, totaling approximately 6,580 observations. The monthly maximum values were extracted and modeled using the Generalized Extreme Value (GEV) distribution.
Results and Discussion: The"Return Level Plot" derived from the GEV model highlights potential changes in extreme values of the Eurodollar exchange rate over time. The findings provide valuable insights into financial risk exposure and potential economic fluctuations. The estimated parameters for the GEV distribution are: location parameter (1.15), scale parameter (0.15), and shape parameter (-0.27). To ensure the robustness of results, the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test was applied, confirming the goodness-of-fit of the GEV model.
Research Implications: This study contributes to financial risk management by offering a methodological approach to modeling extreme exchange rate fluctuations. It assists policymakers and financial analysts in preparing for and mitigating risks associated with extreme currency movements.
Originality/value: This research provides empirical evidence supporting the use of EVT in financial market analysis. It emphasizes the relevance of EVT in risk management and economic decision-making by demonstrating its effectiveness in modeling extreme variations in exchange rates