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All extern? Exploring the Impact of Social Media and Physical Activity on Adolescents’ Body Image and Interoception
No full textIntroduction Screen time among Swiss adolescents is rising, with one primary factor being their average daily smartphone use of up to four hours. A significant portion of this time is devoted to social media platforms such as TikTok, Snapchat, and Instagram (Külling et al., 2022). Due to substantial biological, cognitive, and social changes during this developmental phase, adolescents are highly sensitive to external stimuli. Following, adolescence is a crucial period in the development of one’s body image. Intriguingly, visually driven applications like Instagram seem to trigger adolescents’ sensitivity to external stimuli. Research confirms that frequent use of image-focused social media platforms negatively impacts adolescents’ body image (de Valle et al., 2021). However, besides external stimuli, the brain also processes information from within the body through a mechanism known as interoception, which involves sensing and interpreting internal bodily signals (Craig, 2003). Current theories posit a multisensory integration of exteroceptive and interoceptive signals in the formation of the body image. Interestingly, it is suggested that a higher interoception is related to a healthier body image (Badoud & Tsakiris, 2017). Moreover, recent research has shown that the use of digital media is associated with a reduced perception of interoceptive signals. In contrast, acute physical activity has demonstrated its capacity to enhance both body image and interoception (Wallman-Jones et al., 2023), positioning it as a promising candidate for mitigating potential adverse effects of social media use. Therefore, this study aims to examine the effects of both social media exposure and physical activity on adolescents’ body image and interoception.
Methods In a within-subject design, 36 participants aged 13 to 17 will take part in a laboratory experiment consisting of two experimental conditions. In the first condition, participants will engage in 15 minutes of Instagram use, during which they will be instructed to visit six different profiles of male or female fitness influencer of the same gender themselves. In the second condition, participants will cycle on an ergometer for 15 minutes. Intensities will be increased from light (50-63% of HR Max) to moderate (64-76% of HR Max) and vigorous (77-93% of HR Max). Interoceptive accuracy (Heartbeat Counting Task) and state positive body image (State Body Appreciation Scale, Body Functionality Scale) will be measured before and immediately after the experimental manipulations, Measurements will take place at a one-week interval. At baseline participants will fill out a questionnaire regarding interoceptive awareness, trait body image, smartphone use, and general physical activity. Subsequently, participants will perform a 20m-shuttle run test to assess physical fitness and maximal heart rate. These will be used to individualize the intensity of the physical activity.
Results The study is currently ongoing, and results will be presented at the conference. The outlined study design enables an evaluation of the effects of acute social media use and physical activity on adolescents’ body image and interoception. The findings will contribute to a deeper understanding of how social media and physical activity influence adolescents’ body image and interoception, potentially guiding future interventions to promote healthy body perception in adolescents
Exploring the Determinants of Long-Term Physical Activity Maintainenance from a Maintainers Perspective: What do they say?
No full textPurpose The psychological and physiological benefits of physical activity (PA) are maximized through maintaining regular physical activity long-term. However, the determinants leading to physical activity maintenance (PAM) are not well-understood. Most studies to-date have not specifically asked individuals who are successful PA maintainers. Therefore, this qualitative study asked individuals who have maintained the WHO PA guidelines for at least five years what they believe are important determinants for long term PAM. Findings from this investigation have potentially direct implications for PAM theory and intervention.
Methods A constructivist grounded theory approach was employed to explore the phenomenon through obtaining the information from the PA maintainers themselves (n=10; mean age=39 (SD=16) years old; 60% female; mean moderate-to vigorous PA=567 (SD=670) min/week; mean strength training 2.6 times per week at 57 min per time; PAM mean=16.5 (SD=10.6, range=5-35) years; 50% rural, 20% agglomeration, 30% urban). Data was collected through in-depth interviews. Participants’ PA profile ranged from individual sports such as gym workout, brisk walking, cycling, or CrossFit, to team sports like volleyball, gymnastics, and other voluntary sports clubs’ activities. The interviews were transcribed, anonymized, coded into meaning segments, sorted into themes, and finally grouped into categories. The themes and categories were solely based on the content.
Results Of the 1127 coded segments, 21 themes had emerged relevant to the research question. These 21 themes were organized into six broad categories for PAM: the fundamental factor of priority; three core factors for PAM that determine priority – well-being, adaptability, and enjoyment; and two supporting factors of organization and community that are a result of and support continued PAM.
Discussion This study importantly expands the existing literature about PAM, revealing that adaptability, enjoyment, and well-being are the bases of priority, and that priority is the primary determinant for lifelong PAM. The findings also suggest that a dynamic approach is crucial for PAM. Therefore, promoting various forms of PA across various situations, choosing PA that is enjoyable, and supports well-being, is hypothesized to lead to developing PA into a priority in a person’s value system and therefore making daily activity choices. Further research should confirm this theoretical model and subsequently develop interventions to promote long-term PAM across population groups
Mega-events and the climate: what’s the game?
No full textIntroduction: The Olympics and the Men\u27s Football World Cup are both significant carbon emitters, yet they hold potential for raising awareness and driving action on climate change (Chalip, 2006; Martiskainen & Sovacool, 2021). Due to their visibility and political leverage, these mega-events are expected to lead by example in combatting climate crisis. This study provides a coherent analysis of their carbon emissions, carbon intensity and the development of climate-related policies.
Methods: We collected information on the evolution of climate-related policies and actual and projected carbon emissions for these events from 2000 to 2026 (Gogishvili et al., 2024), ameliorating the paucity of systematic research on this topic (Wilby et al., 2023). Data were sourced from official bid documents, supplemented by third-party sources where necessary. Carbon intensity was calculated as total emissions divided by outputs, such as revenue and athletes, to show the amount of carbon emitted per unit of production, providing a standardized measure across different activities and sectors.
Results: Over the study period, the carbon emissions were between 2.0 and 4.5 million tonnes of CO₂e for the Olympics and 1.65 to 3.63 million tonnes of CO₂e for the Men\u27s Football World Cup. Although FIFA\u27s range is smaller, its carbon intensity is significantly higher than of the Olympics, both per athlete and per million USD spent. Emissions are primarily driven by venue construction and spectator travel, highlighting the urgent need for systemic reductions. Climate concerns emerged on the agendas of FIFA and the IOC but were only formalised recently, largely under pressure from the 2015 Paris Agreement. Events since then claimed climate neutrality or even positivity. Paris 2024 allegedly met Paris Agreement\u27s reduction demands, while the 2022 World Cup introduced sustainability initiatives that were found misleading. However, discrepancies in emissions reporting and lack of quantified standards remain persistent challenges.
Discussion/Conclusion: Despite progress, claims of "climate-positive" events through offsetting remain problematic, lacking transparency and credibility. To address this, we propose emission targets for the Olympic Games and the Men’s Football World Cup through 2048 and benchmark the projected emissions for Paris 2024 and the 2026 World Cup. Achieving these targets requires a fundamental transformation in event delivery model at least.
References
Chalip, L. (2006). Towards social leverage of sport events. Journal of Sport & Tourism, 11(2), 109–127. https://doi.org/10.1080/14775080601155126
Gogishvili, D., Ngoenha, W., & Müller, M. (2024). Carbon footprint of the Winter and Summer Olympic Games from 2000 to 2026 [Dataset]. Harvard Dataverse. https://doi.org/10.7910/DVN/Y1OCLT
Martiskainen, M., & Sovacool, B. K. (2021). Mixed feelings: A review and research agenda for emotions in sustainability transitions. Environmental Innovation and Societal Transitions, 40, 609–624. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eist.2021.10.023
Wilby, R. L., Orr, M., Depledge, D., Giulianotti, R., Havenith, G., Kenyon, J. A., Matthews, T. K. R., Mears, S. A., Mullan, D. J., & Taylor, L. (2023). The impacts of sport emissions on climate: Measurement, mitigation, and making a difference. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 1519(1), 20–33. https://doi.org/10.1111/nyas.1492
Understanding Sport Participation and Athlete Development: The Exposure to Sport Scale
No full textThe purpose of this two-part paper was to conceptualize and validate a new method for measuring youth sport exposure. In part one, different disciplines were used to guide the creation of the Exposure to Sport Scale. Using references from epidemiology and the previously validated Developmental History of Athletes Questionnaire, an original version of the scale was proposed.Sections include measures of practice, play and competition throughout an athlete’s sport development journey. In part two the content and face validity of the Exposure to Sport Scale was investigated. Using a modified Delphi approach, 16 experts in the field completed three rounds of feedback. By the final round all items had achieved consensus for clarity and relevance. The proposed Exposure to Sport Scale has significant implications for those working in early athlete settings
El poder del vínculo lector: El club de lectura como espacio para el desarrollo emocional y lingüístico del estudiante de idiomas
Full text linkEste artículo defiende el club de lectura como una estrategia didáctica integral que promueve el aprendizaje de la lengua desde un enfoque socioafectivo. A partir de una experiencia real, se argumenta que el club de lectura, entendido como un espacio colaborativo y emocionalmente seguro, permite mejorar la competencia lingüística, lectora y literaria del alumnado. Su carácter horizontal reduce la ansiedad lingüística y favorece la participación, el pensamiento crítico, la empatía y la autoestima comunicativa.
Asimismo, además de analizar el papel del docente como mediador en un entorno de coenseñanza, se propone también una selección de lecturas contemporáneas que rompen con el canon oficial, capaces de suscitar debates significativos a la vez que contribuyen a reforzar el vínculo entre lengua y cultura. El club de lectura se configura, así, como una comunidad de práctica que potencia las habilidades pragmáticas, interculturales y socioemocionales del alumnado. En conclusión, se defiende que esta metodología no solo mejora el aprendizaje del idioma, sino que contribuye a una educación más humanizada, inclusiva y reflexiva, donde el lenguaje es vivido como experiencia integradora.This article advocates for the reading club as a comprehensive pedagogical strategy that fosters language learning from a socio-affective perspective. Drawing on a real-life experience, it argues that the reading club—conceived as a collaborative and emotionally safe space—enhances students’ linguistic, reading, and literary competence. Its horizontal nature reduces language anxiety and promotes participation, critical thinking, empathy, and communicative self-esteem.
Furthermore, the article analyzes the role of the teacher as a mediator within a co-teaching environment and offers a selection of contemporary readings that challenge the official literary canon. These texts are capable of sparking meaningful debates while reinforcing the connection between language and culture. The reading club thus emerges as a community of practice that develops students’ pragmatic, intercultural, and socio-emotional skills. In conclusion, this methodology is presented not only as a means to improve language acquisition, but also as a contribution to a more humanized, inclusive, and reflective education, in which language is experienced as an integrative force
Mathematikdidaktische Kompetenzen von Praxislehrpersonen und Primarstudierenden im Vergleich
No full textDie Praxisausbildung von Primarlehrpersonen erfolgt während rund eines Viertels des Studiums im Praxisfeld bei erfahrenen Lehrpersonen, die als Praxislehrperson eine Ausbildungsfunktion übernehmen. Qualifiziert werden Praxislehrpersonen durch ihre eigene Unterrichtserfahrung sowie durch gezielte Weiterbildungen, die oft auf generische Aspekte von Unterricht sowie auf die Mentoringfunktion fokussieren. Studierende realisieren im Praktikum aber auch Fachunterricht und benötigen dafür fachdidaktische Kompetenzen. Es stellt sich daher die Frage, inwiefern Praxislehrpersonen auch als fachdidaktische Expertinnen und fachdidaktische Experten betrachtet werden können. Dies wird am Beispiel mathematikdidaktischer Kompetenzen untersucht
Language-in-Education Policies in Ghana: Identifying the gaps
Full text linkLanguage planning and language policy are activities undertaken by governments and institutions to guide and inform language choices and language use with the aim of achieving certain desired outcomes. Within the education sector, language-in-education policies are undertaken usually by governments or educational departments to inform and guide the choices and use of language in education settings with the aim of achieving certain goals. Although Ghana has experimented with several language-in-education policies, the country repeatedly fails to achieve the desired goals with the policies. There is therefore the need to examine the policies in order to find out what may possibly be responsible for their inefficiency. While many studies have examined these policies from different perspectives, this study focuses on the identification of possible gaps in the policy statements. The study used interviews, library search, and information from relevant institutions to access past and present language-in-education policies in the country for analysis. The findings revealed that Ghana has neither an explicit national language policy nor substantial independent language-in-education policy documents. Instead, a few statements about language-in-education can be located in educational reform documents and ordinances. It was also revealed that details of the language-in-education policy containing reforms and ordinances are generally not available or accessible , and that only references and some comments and remarks are available in various studies. The study therefore recommends a number of actions, including the establishment of a functional language bureau, a draft of explicit policies on national language, language-in-education, and implementation, monitoring and review guidelines
Challenges and Initiatives in Radio Language Policy Implementation: A Case Study of Two Nigerian Radio Stations
Full text linkIn response to the Nigerian legal framework\u27s prioritization of languages spoken within its respective communities, this study examines the language policies of Nigerian radio stations, focusing on Bond FM and Voice of Nigeria. It analyzes the legislative frameworks guiding language use in broadcasting, including the 1999 Constitution, Nigerian Broadcasting Code, National Language Policy, and Freedom of Information Act. Primary data were gathered through survey, informal interviews, and observation, while secondary data was collected through a review of documents and literature. The study reveals diverse language policies among radio stations, including monolingual, bilingual, and multilingual approaches. Bond FM and Voice of Nigeria\u27s multilingual policies promote linguistic diversity, preserve indigenous languages, and cater to diverse audiences. The stations\u27 language choices reflect the provisions of the 1999 Constitution, Nigerian Broadcasting Code, National Language Policy, and Freedom of Information Act. The study highlights challenges and proposes initiatives to support language development and policy implementation, which includes the scarcity of qualified staff and the need for language development initiatives. The study recommends the need to develop standardized curricula for broadcasting in indigenous languages, provide training programs for broadcasters to learn multiple languages and collaboration and partnerships between broadcast stations, language education institutions, and language experts
Editorial: The Relevance of Language Policy in Africa
Full text linkFor this inaugural issue of the Journal, we want to offer a brief overview of the origins of our initiative and a short discussion of its relevance as we see it. This issue holds a number of interesting articles in store for you; we end the editorial with a few pointers as to what we would like to publish in future.
Varia epigraphica
Full text linkThe article provides corrections and new readings of several Greek inscriptions from different parts of the ancient Mediterranean (Aegean islands, Asia Minor, Syria, Sicily) and a hitherto unknown honorific inscription from Megara.Автор предлагает исправления и новые чтения для ряда древнегреческих надписей из разных областей Средиземноморского бассейна (Эгейских островов, Малой Азии, Сирии, Сицилии) и публикует неизвестную почетную надпись из Мегары
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