Journal of Applied and Natural Science
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Faunal diversity of aquatic insects in Surha Tal of District - Ballia (U. P.), India
Get PDFDiversity of aquatic insect fauna of Surha Tal, district Ballia (U.P.) was studied during 2006-08. Twenty nine species of aquatic insect were collected. In class insect four orders namely Coleoptera, Hemiptera, Odonata and Diptera belonging to fourteen families Dytiscidae, Gyrinidae, Hydrophlidae Notonectidae, Palaeidae, Nepidae, Belostomatidae, Hydrometridae, Gerridae. Gomphidae, Libellulidae, Coegrionidae. Chironomidae, Culicidae having twenty genera and twenty nine species were identified
Spectrum of threats to nests of Yellow-wattled Lapwing Vanellus malabaricus in Kurukshetra outskirts-a case study
Get PDFIt is one thing that Red-wattled Lapwing Vanellus indicus is, rather a common bird on the outskirts of wheat harvested fields in outskirts of Kurukshetra, yet, Yellow-wattled Lapwing V. malabaricus (Boddaert, 1783) is an uncommon bird and seen rarely and that too with efforts and serious search. On the top of this, the bird is confronting most difficult conditions for its even rare existence. It is characterized by the presence of bright Yellow fleshy lappets above and in front of eyes. Black wings show off a white bar in flight. It has a little shorter staturecompared with that of Red-wattled Lapwing. Yellow-wattled Lapwing is available in only very specific spots like Sushant City, Harman City and Sector-8 in isolated conditions as single, double or 6-8 in Kurukshetra environs. Only one nest of Yellow-wattled Lapwing was observed on 28 April, 2011 in Sushant city in Kurukshetra. The nest was stuffed with straws and not by Pebbles. The clutch size was 4. It is pertinent to mention that all the four eggs hatched successfully on 24-25 May, 2011. Present observations suggest its’ alarming destruction in the last 5-8 years (2003-11). Now it has been pushed in a very delicate position wherefrom its extinction in a silent manner is sure, sooner than latter
Role of availability of critical aquaculture inputs and community-managed markets on community-based floodplain wetland management
Get PDFIndia has extensive wetlands of 2.02 lakh ha. These are basically low-lying floodplain areas. Assam has endowed huge floodplain wetlands and are locally called as Beel. These are one of the most important fishery resources of India providing livelihood to thousands of poor people. The average existing fish production of Assam Beel is only 173 kg/ha/year against its production potential of 1000-1500 kg/ ha/year. A study was conducted in three Beels of the Assam state to see the role of two situational independent variables namely availability of critical aquaculture inputs (X1) and community-managed markets (X2) on dependent variable i.e. knowledge levels of Beel users for community-based Beel fisheries management (Y). The study revealed that community-managed markets was significantly and positively associated (P<0.01) with knowledge levels of Beel users on community-based Beel fisheries management. Also, between these two variables, community managed market (X2) was found to be most significantly contributing variable (‘t’-value – 2.91**) on knowledge levels of Beel users for community-based Beel fisheries management (Y)
Infectivity of nematode parasites of the common toad, Duttaphrynus melanostictus (Schneider, 1799) Frost et al., 2006 (Anura: Bufonidae) from different localities of Aurangabad
Get PDFThe common toad, Duttaphrynus melanostictus, Schneider, 1799) Frost et al., 2006 from Aurangabad was found to harbor three species of nematodes; Oswaldocruzia goezei (Skrjabin and Schulz, 1952), Trichuris globusa (V. Linstow, 1901, Ransom, 1911), Oxysomatium macintoshii (Karve, 1927). Among all the parasites, Trichuris globulosa represents the accidental new host record for D. melanostictus in Maharashtra
Biological utilities of Parthenium hysterophorus
Get PDFParthenium hysterophorus L. (Asteraceae) is a serious weed of pastures, wasteland and agricultural fields in world. Various problems are posed by the weed to human health, agriculture, live stock production and biodiversity. It is used as folk remedy against various afflictions. The review discusses several prominent biological utilities of P. hysterophorus as it contains several important chemical constituents mainly histamine, saponin, glucosides and triterpene (sesquiterpene) and can be of use for the purpose of biocontrol of various pathogens , for its medicinal utility and even for the purpose of food
Immature stages of Plain Tiger, Danaus chrysippus chrysippus a rare butterfly of Andaman and Nicobar Islands (Insecta: Lepidoptera: Rhopalocera: Danaidae)
Get PDFThe plain Tiger Danaus chrysippus chrysippus (Linnaeus) (Insecta: Lepidoptera: Rhopalocera: Danaidae) is a widely distributed butterfly is rare in Andaman and Nicobar Islands. The scarcity of food plant Calotropis in the islands is the reason for rarity. The immature stages of the butterfly are discussed in the paper with some unusual observations such as laying of eggs in cluster and on the upper side of food plant, showing stress on survival of the fly
Nimbecidine induced gene mutations in internal transcribed spacers 1 and 2 of Anopheles stephensi
Get PDFThe genotoxic effects of nimbecidine, a commercial botanical pesticide derived from the neem tree were assessed by PCR assay on a mosquito Anopheles stephensi taken as an experimental model. After treatment with LC20 of the nimbecidine, the sequence variations in the internal transcribed spacers 1 and 2 (ITS1 and ITS2) of control and treated individuals were studied from their sequence alignment data and the mutations in the form of insertions, deletions, and substitutions were analyzed. Nimbecidine treatment induced 16 deletions, 13 insertions, 93 transitions and 140 transversions in the ITS1 sequence. Similarly, in the ITS2 sequence of treated individual there were 2 deletions, 4 insertions, 15 transitions and 39 transversions. Present study suggests that plant based pesticides also effect the integrity of normal DNA sequences
Efficacy of Stamina 50 (Thiocyclam hydrogenoxalate) on Coelaenomenodera elaeidis (Coleoptera – Chrysomelidae – Hispinae) in Okomu oil palm plantation, Nigeria
Get PDFEfficacy of Stamina 50, Thiocyclam hydrogenoxalate was evaluated for its bio-insecticidal control on Coelaenomenodera elaeidis larvae, pupae and adult forms, at Okomu oil palm plantation, Nigeria. The experimental plot was 10.2Ha compared with similar untreated plot. Observations were made for 4 weeks after treatment, for dead leaf miner populations. Data were subjected to one way analysis of variance, independent sample T-test and testing for significant difference on the effect of insecticidal treatment on leaf miner populations. Results indicated that exposure to the insecticide at 500g per Kg induced high mortality against the leaf miner. The highest population of dead leaf miner external adult was observed one day after treatment. Total percentage mortality of leaf miner was 89.13% (treatment) and 28.40% (control) indicating effective control. Spot application of stamina 50 was selective on leaf miner and is therefore recommended as a control measure for the leaf miner in Nigeria
Incidence and detection of parasitic infections by cyst and ova on fruits and vegetables from different major markets in Kogi, Nigeria
Get PDFIn the course of a study of parasitic infections by cyst and ova on fruits and vegetable sold in middle-belt Nigeria, three different major public markets was selected. Six different fruits and vegetables total to 2406 samples were examined.Data obtained were statistically analyzed using anova for the level of significance difference where appropriate. Of the 1755 fruits examined, 4.3% were positive for parasites ova and 2.5% for cysts. Of the 761 vegetables examined, 4.6% were positive for parasites ova and 2.8% for cysts.The contamination rate of protozoan cyst and ova found are Giardia lamblia (2.61%) Entamoebs histolytica (0.66%). The difference was not statistically significant (p>0.05).Cases of contamination rate of protozoan cyst and ova were small compared to helminthic contamination. However, helminths such as Strongylodies stercoralis Trichiuris trachura and Ascaris lumbricoides were predominant in that order. The public health implication on the subjects is discussed. Through washing of all fruits and vegetables with clean water prior to consumption is recommended
A report on the Butterflies in Jhansi (U.P.) India
Get PDFThe city Jhansi is famous for the fort, gardens and surrounding hilly areas. These gardens and hilly areas have supported for butterflies and other insects. The butterflies are essential part of any natural ecosystem as their adults performs pollination. They are highly mobile organism and are able to maintain connectivity between the fragmental habitats. The larval stages are herbivorous and cause economic damage but adult are beneficial as pollinators of several trees and herbaceous flora. They are vulnerable to changes in flower supply resulting fromdeforestation and environmental pollution hence they are the biological indicators of pollution. The present study was conducted regarding the different selected sites visited by butterflies, their foraging activity and abundance at different sites of Jhansi. During the visit some species of butterflies were collected as flower visitors on different species of flowering plants (garden, cultivated, semi wild and wild) in selected areas. The species of collected butterflies were showed the most common and highly active species throughout the day. Some species namely Pieris canidia indica, lxias mrianne (Cramer), Catopsilia crocale (Cramer), Catopsilia pyranthe (Linn.), Eurema hecabe fimbriata (Wallace) Colias electo fieldi and Colias erate (Esper) were observed mostly on the flowering plants of each site during the study. The nymphalids were found to be very common in the plane areas of Jhansi as flower visitors and only one species Papilio demoleus could be collected from only two sites