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Relativistic quantum mechanics and quantum field theory
No full textRelativistic quantum mechanics can be considered to have begun with a search for wave equations corresponding to each intrinsic spin. However, relativistic quantum physics differs fundamentally from the non-relativistic wave mechanics. It requires a formalism allowing \ creation and destruction of particles. This gets proper treatment only in a framework called quantum field theory. This article is a semi-historic account of the intriguing new features which emerge as a part of quantum field theory. Such a discussion is impossible without a basic presentation of the formalism itself. Hence some mathematics is included in finer print. The article is directed mostly to those familiar with essential classical mechanics and basic quantum mechanics, though I strive to provide a flavour of the subject to the keenly interested non-physics reader
Laboratory Characterisation of Basaltic Rocks for Subsurface CO2-Geo-Sequestration by Carbon Mineralisation
No full textStretched across 500, 000 km2 in west-central India, the Deccan Traps have been recently identified as a potential site for safely and permanently trapping about hundred Gtons per year of CO2 through mineral carbonation, according to recent geochemical and mineralogical studies. However, limited data on the geophysical, petrophysical and geomechanical properties of the various basaltic lithotypes present in the area have been collected. These properties are crucial for an effective and quantitative evaluation of the site's suitability for carbon mineralisation. In order to fill in this knowledge gap, we performed an experimental framework for the petrophysical and rock mechanical characterisation of two different lithofacies (flow-top brecciated and massive) of basaltic rocks collected from the Deccan Volcanic Province. The research was conducted at the Geomechanics and Geophysics Laboratory (GGL) at ARRC, CSIRO Energy, Western Australia. Starting with sample preparation and CT-scanned imaging of the samples, geophysical and petrophysical properties (including bulk density, acoustic velocities, porosity and permeability) have been quantified. Hydrostatic and multi-stage triaxial tests under in-situ conditions (pressure/temperature) have also been conducted to characterise the rock mechanical properties of the basalt samples. This paper summarises the petrophysical and dynamic elastic moduli obtained for a selected suite of samples
Selective Detection of Picric Acid Using 2D Zinc-Coordination Polymer (Zn-CP): “Turn-On” Fluorescence Response Triggered by PET Suppression
No full textA Zn(II)-based coordination polymer {[Zn(L)(DEF)]}n (Zn-CP), with the 2,4-c network, was synthesized under solvothermal conditions. Zn(II) coordinated with the ligand H2L (5-((anthracen-9-ylmethyl)amino)isophthalic acid) in the presence of diethylformamide (DEF) to form a 2D coordination polymer. The Zn-CP was utilized for selective detection of mutagenic explosive picric acid (PA) in the presence of other nitroaromatics, viz., nitrobenzene (NB), meta-dinitrobenzene (MDNB), trinitrotoluene (TNT), 4-nitrophenol (4-NP), and 4-nitrotoluene (4-NT). The probe Zn-CP showed enhanced fluorescence selectively in the presence of picric acid with a detection limit of 9.72 ppm and a binding constant of 3 × 104 M–1. This fluorescence ″turned on″ mechanism is due to the suppression of photoinduced electron transfer (PET) and the rigidification of the Zn-CP framework, as revealed by DFT studies. Additionally, the nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) titration of PA with the Zn-CP revealed the formation of a Zn-CP···PA adduct, which was further confirmed by atom-in-molecule (AIM) analysis. PXRD studies confirmed the stability of the Zn-CP under water, various solvents, and ambient conditions
Implications of charge neutralizing post-translational modifications in TDP43 and TMEM106B proteinopathies
No full textGrowth of MoS2 laminates and understanding the role of surface sites, electronic structures and capillaries in energy harvesting
No full textReliable High-Performance Programmable Voltage Regulator with 0.55A Sink Current for Cryo-Cooler Electronics in 0.18µm HV-CMOS Technology
No full textThis paper presents a voltage regulator with current-sinking capability designed as a low-side supply for an HV gate driver circuit. The proposed novel topology regulates an input voltage from IOV to 60V into a stable output voltage ranging from 5V to 55V, with a high current-sinking capability of up to 550mA. The design achieves peak voltage variation of only 0.42mV during current pulses, and the circuit's quiescent current is 124.7µA. It demonstrates excellent line and load regulation at 0.45mV/N and 1.52mV/mA. Implemented in an HV 0.18µm CMOS process, occupying a die area of 0.09mm2, the design's robustness is confirmed through pre- and post-layout simulations and Monte Carlo analysis, validating its performance across process and temperature variations
Reservoir inflow forecast system for major Indian dams
No full textFloods are the most frequent natural disasters in India, causing widespread disruption to agriculture, infrastructure, and lives during the Indian summer monsoon. Dams play a critical role in mitigating downstream flooding by regulating reservoir storage and release. As the ability of dams to control floods strongly depend on antecedent reservoir storage, reservoir inflow forecasts are crucial for effective decision-making. Despite an extensive network of large dams, India currently lacks a reservoir inflow forecasting system incorporating all its major dams. Using the H08 land surface hydrological model with the CaMa-Flood hydrodynamic model, we developed a reservoir inflow forecast system for the major reservoirs in India. Using the meteorological forecasts from the Global Ensemble Forecast System (GEFS), the framework provides short-range inflow forecasts to support decision-making. This forecast system offers potential to optimize reservoir storage levels, attenuate projected inflows, and mitigate downstream flooding
