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Conservation Relevant Fine‐Scale Distribution and Habitat Associations of Threatened Elasmobranchs in Temperate Nearshore Waters
Get PDFElasmobranchs are globally threatened and experiencing ongoing declines. Understanding threatened elasmobranch distribution is critical for developing effective marine conservation strategies. However, our knowledge of fine-scale elasmobranch habitat association and distribution in temperate nearshore systems is limited. Here, we examined the presence, relative abundance and habitat association of sharks, skates and rays using benthic baited remote underwater stereo-video systems (SBRUVS). From 772 deployments (682 total hours and 53-min average soak time) across 3 years (2021–2023) and two Scottish sea lochs and adjacent bays, elasmobranchs were detected on 31.2% of deployments (n = 241). Our surveys detected six species of elasmobranchs: flapper skate (Dipturus intermedius), thornback ray (Raja clavata), spotted ray (Raja montagui), lesser-spotted dogfish (Scyliorhinus canicula), spiny dogfish (Squalus acanthias) and porbeagle (Lamna nasus), representing 17.6% of the resident elasmobranch diversity reported to date in UK nearshore waters < 200 m depth. The species detected include two species listed as globally Vulnerable on the IUCN Red List, spiny dogfish and porbeagle and one Critically Endangered species, flapper skate. Critically Endangered flapper skate were detected in 5.2% of deployments (n = 40) and were the only species recorded that did not show a relationship between the probability of presence and substratum type. Our findings provide critical data on the fine-scale spatial distribution and habitat association of elasmobranchs, which could be used to inform evidence-based conservation measures and support more consistent and targeted policy action for these species in Scotland
Type 2 diabetes and the role of nurses in its management
No full textType 2 diabetes has become a significant global public health issue. Its increasing prevalence is closely linked to sedentary lifestyles, suboptimal diets and high obesity levels. This article provides an overview of type 2 diabetes epidemiology, pathophysiology, clinical presentation, diagnostic tests, risk factors, complications and management. It also describes the role of nurses, which involves: advising patients on weight management, diet, physical activity, smoking cessation and alcohol reduction; encouraging adherence to care plans and drug treatment regimens; and providing ongoing support, education and monitoring to prevent or delay the onset of complications
Embracing Authentic Leadership as an Introvert: A Self-Discovery
Get PDFSarah Butler describes her journey to discovering her authentic leadership style, showing that introverts can be excellent leaders through self-awareness and embracing their natural traits
Exercise recommendations and practical considerations for asthma management - an EAACI position paper
Get PDFExercise is an important treatment for people with asthma and should be considered alongside pharmacological therapy when developing personalised asthma management plans. Despite this, there remains limited guidance concerning the practicalities of asthma-specific exercise prescription. This European Academy of Allergy and Clinical Immunology task force was therefore established to achieve three fundamental aims: first, to provide an up-to-date perspective concerning the role of exercise for asthma management (i.e., describe the disease modifying potential of exercise and associated impact on asthma-related extrapulmonary comorbidities); second, to develop pragmatic recommendations to facilitate safe and effective exercise prescription; and third, to identify key unmet needs and provide focused direction for future research. The position paper is structured as a practically focused document, with recommendations formulated according to best available scientific evidence and expert opinion, with an emphasis on providing healthcare providers with pragmatic advice that can be implemented during routine asthma review
Understanding Burnout in Nurses - Identification and Coping Strategies
Get PDFBurnout, a psychological syndrome caused by prolonged exposure to chronic workplace stressors, is a prevalent issue in nursing, characterised by emotional exhaustion, depersonalisation and a diminished sense of accomplishment. This article explores the widespread impact of burnout in nursing, identifying its key indicators and consequences for both nurses and patient care. Furthermore, it evaluates evidence-based management strategies, including organisational interventions, resilience training, and peer support programmes, aimed at mitigating burnout and improving outcomes
Demographic engineering: Population resettlement in the ethnoterritory of the Chittagong Hill Tracts, Bangladesh
Get PDFPopulation resettlement in contested ethnoterritories is an old practice that states have pursued for centuries. There is a nascent theory of demographic engineering to explain the phenomenon, although a robust theory on the issue is yet to be built. Theorists generally agree that states transfer and resettle populations to gain territorial control over contested ethnoterritories. But what is not clear in the current scholarship is how states accomplish this or what techniques they deploy to gain territorial control. To address this theoretical lacuna, it is asserted that states seek to gain territorial control in two ways: 'right-peopling' (settlement of 'preferred people' to alter the demographic balance of the contested area) and 'unpeopling' (the extermination of the existing inhabitants). In this article these pathways to gain territorial control are explained by exploring the case of demographic engineering in the Chittagong Hill Tracts of Bangladesh
Exploring health and social care preferences for people with dementia and mild cognitive impairment: a systematic review of discrete choice experiments
Get PDFObjectives: Dementia is associated with behaviour change, and impaired ability to remember and think. This review focuses on key findings and methodological processes from discrete choice experiments (DCEs) to inform health and social care interventions for people living with dementia or mild cognitive impairment. Method: Six databases were searched to July 2023 using terms for DCEs, dementia and mild cognitive impairment. Titles, abstracts, and full texts were individually screened by two reviewers. PRISMA reporting guidelines were followed throughout. Study quality was assessed using the Lancsar and Louviere checklist. Results were summarised in a narrative synthesis. The study was PROSPERO registered (CRD42022368182). Results: Nine studies were included. DCE attributes included service provision, setting characteristics, provider characteristics, availability, cost, and clinical outcomes. Studies predominantly included the general population or patient representatives with only two studies incorporating preferences of people living with dementia. Conclusion: Respondents preferred individualised home support, and to avoid relocation. Studies suggested benefit to day centres, and greater flexibility in dementia care provision. Authors noted relative preference could differ according to personal characteristics reinforcing the need for tailored provision. Future DCEs should include respondents with early-stage dementia and other cognitive impairments, taking care to ensure appropriate design for such populations
Life Beyond Olympic Sport: A Foucauldian Examination of Olympians’ Experiences and Coaches’ Perspectives of Athletic Retirement
Get PDFThe Olympic project is built upon modernist foundations. Olympic sport cultures across the world have been shaped by modernist, neoliberal discourses that emphasise the importance of athlete control and performance. In recent years, reports by NGBs, such as The Whyte Review, have exposed that an immersion within the cultures of British Olympic sport can have damaging effects for athletes’ physical and mental well-being. However, current understandings of the residual implications of an Olympic career are limited. Therefore, the aim of this study was to understand how an immersion within the cultures of British Olympic sport might impact upon Olympians’ long-term retirement experiences.For this study, I conducted interviews with 18 retired British Olympians and eight Olympic standard coaching practitioners. A Foucauldian theoretical framework was used to analyse the data. Foucault’s (1990; 1991a) work provided a means for conceptualising how former Olympians’ experiences and coaches’ perspectives of retirement are shaped by relations of power.I found that the lived experiences, bodies, and movements of retired British Olympians remain intimately connected to the power arrangements that typified their careers, often well beyond their immediate retirement adjustments. Indeed, my analysis suggested that, although the lasting implications of an Olympic career can be damaging, these effects are typically experienced inconsistently and non-linearly, and that resistance is possible for retirees. Also, I found that Olympic coaches’ understandings of the Olympic retirement process are heavily influenced by disciplinary power-knowledge relations; this has implications for how coaches consider the problematic of athletic retirement and how they approach transitioning Olympians. I argue that the dominance of this logic has underlying implications for Olympians’ capacities to think effectively about their retirement adjustments. My findings demonstrate the necessity of continuing to problematise the modernist cultures of British Olympic sport to better support Olympians’ retirement adjustments in the future
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No full textAdvancing general practice nursing through professional development and career progression
No full textGeneral practice nurses have a central and expanding role in healthcare service provision in the UK. Continuing professional development (CPD) and career progression are key in equipping them with the required knowledge and skills, increasing their job satisfaction and sustaining their motivation. General practice nurses should have access to post-registration training opportunities, notably for becoming specialist practitioners or independent prescribers. They should also be able to consider going into advanced nurse practitioner roles, leadership and management roles, and academic and research roles. However, the professional development and career progression of general practice nurses are impeded by major barriers, notably limited funding and workload pressures. This article discusses the advancement of general practice nursing through professional development and career progression, highlighting the need for supportive workplaces that offer funding for training, protected learning time and mentorship to their staff