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Two Alternative Proofs of the Grüss Inequality
Get PDFThe classical Grüss inequality has spurred a range of improvements, generalizations, and extensions. In this article, we provide new functional bounds that ultimately lead to two elementary proofs of the inequality that might be of interest. Our results are motivated by the extreme cases where the equality is reached, namely step functions of equal support. Our first proof is based on the standard Cauchy-Schwarz inequality and a simple bound on the variance of a function. Its simplicity would be of particular interest to those who are new to the study of functional inequalities. Our second proof utilizes non-intuitive and novel bounds on functionals defined on L∞(0, 1). As a result, we provide a detailed and new insight into the nature of the Grüss inequality
Mineral and Phytochemical Composition of Cleome Gynandra Methanolic Extract
Get PDFThe study was done to evaluate the mineral and phytochemical composition of the methanolic extract of Cleome gynandra (spider plant). The plant is used as a traditional vegetable in some communities in sub-Saharan Africa and Asia. The plant has also been reported to have some medicinal effect due to presence of phytochemicals but its pharmacological and phytochemical profile has not been fully established. Collection and authentication of the plant was done followed by extraction using methanol as a solvent. The phytochemical investigation was done using both chemical analysis and chromatography method by use of a Gas chromatography mass spectroscopy (GCMS) system as per standard protocol. Cleome gynandra was found to contain some mineral compounds of nutritional importance and phytochemicals with potential medicinal importance. The phytochemicals analyzed include saponins, flavonoids, tannins, alkaloids, cardiac glycosides, terpanoids and polyphenols. These different phytochemicals can be further studied and their potential medicinal importance analyzed. The study concluded that Cleome gynandra contains phytochemicals with potentially important medicinal value. The plant (Cleome gynandra) can also be used as an important nutritional source of some essential nutrients like Vitamin C and beta carotene. It can also be a good source of some mineral elements like iron, selenium, cobalt, copper, zinc and manganese. This can be important for families in rural areas and for the low-income households in both rural and urban areas as a source of nutrients
Relationship Between School Gardening and Self-Efficacy Towards Weekly Fruit & Vegetable Intake
Get PDFThe study was designed to understand the relationship between school gardens and student’s self-efficacy and its effect on weekly intake of fruits and vegetables. The survey used two Ugandan secondary schools; one having a well-established school garden with all students having equal opportunities to participate in the growing, harvesting and consumptions of fruits and vegetables, another not. The study followed a cross-sectional study design employing quantitative research methods. The target population comprised of late adolescents 18-22 years attending the two-selected secondary school; one in Kampala and another in Luwero districts. The school in Luwero district engaged students in gardening activities while the school in Kampala did not. Self-administered structured questionnaire was given to students to answer questions in line with the specific objectives. Data was analyzed by using Mann Whitney U test, Pearson Rank Correlation, Odds ratio and test of proportion. The mean ages of the girls and boys in the school exposed to gardening activities were 19.10±1.4 and 19.2±2.86 respectively while those for students in the unexposed school were 18.62±1.21 and 19.11±1.29 respectively. The study had more males (56.3%) than females (43.7%). Neither group met the World Health Organization (WHO), Food and Agricultural Organization (FAO) and United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) recommendation of ≥35 servings per week (≥5 servings per day) for both fruits and vegetables consumption. However, the exposed students had more weekly servings of fruits and vegetables (P>0.05) and had higher self-efficacy towards dietary intake of fruits and vegetables (P=0.007). School garden based intervention can significantly improve student’s self-efficacy towards fruit & vegetable dietary intake increasing the weekly consumption of fruits and vegetables. The findings of the study will inform policy makers on the role of school gardens in enhancing fruit and vegetable intake by in-school adolescents as they develop the Uganda’s school health policy
Potential Factors of Mental Health Challenges During COVID-19 on the Young People in Dhaka, Bangladesh
Get PDFIn this manuscript, we perform a Chi-square association test to find whether there is an association between the quarrelsome environment in the residence and mental health challenge and the corresponding p-value found to be 0.011, which is statistically significant. In addition, we fit a logistic model to determine the factors influencing mental health challenges during the pandemic. The model shows that age, number of leaving home during the past 14 days, the effectiveness of work from home or online class, and feeling in response to COVID-19 are the significant factors affect the odds that a participant faces mental health challenges
Developing a Training Curriculum to Enhancing Teachers’ Learning Management Skills for Promoting Learners’ Creativity and Innovation: A Case Study of Thai Teachers
Get PDFThai teachers in primary school need to develop their learning management skills for promoting learners’ creativity and innovation ability. This research developed a training curriculum to enhancing teachers’ learning management skills. The objective was to developed a training curriculum to enhancing teachers’ learning management skills for promoting learners’ creativity and innovation ability. The sample groups were primary teachers in Suphanburi province under the Office of Basic Education Commission, Ministry of Education Thailand, total 49 people, and 104 learners. Conducted with the research and development methodology. The results found that the teachers’ learning management skills after implementing curriculum was higher than before at the statistical significance level of .01., and the learners’ creativity and innovation ability after implementing curriculum was higher than before at the statistical significance level of .01., and a training curriculum of this research composed of 3 units. Training activities based – on action learning approach. The researcher suggests that Professional Learning Community should integrate in training curriculum
Application of Enhanced Hidden Markov Model in Stock Price Prediction
Get PDFThe main focus of this research is the enhancement of the Hidden Markov Model by using some features of Neural Networks and the forecasted values of predictors by Seasonal Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average. The enhanced method was used to predict the close price of stocks whose predictors are open price, high price, low price, and volume of Apple and Nokia data. The performance of the method was measured using the Mean Absolute Percentage Error of the predicted price. The result was compared against the actual close price by using the paired T-test. The testing of the hypothesis showed that the Enhanced Hidden Markov Model obtained more than 94% accuracy rate. It also shows that in Apple data, the predicted close price of the Enhanced Hidden Markov Model is significantly better than the predicted close price of Neural Networks. Using Nokia data, the test claims that there is no difference between the performance of Enhanced Hidden Markov Model and Neural Network in prediction.
Modelling and Simulation of Below-the-Hook Lifting Device Balanced C-hook for Load to Investigate the Static and Model Analysis for Various Grades of Steels by Numerical Method
Get PDFBelow-the-Hook Lifting Devices will enable easy loading, unloading and transportation of heavy metal coils. A balanced c-hook is one of the widely used Below-the-Hook Lifting Devices works by inserting its lower arm inside the hole of coil. Multiple variations of c hooks are being used based on different load requirements, and different applications like paper roll c hooks to transport heavy paper rolls, spring loaded c hooks to reduce weight by avoiding counter weights etc. Structural and mechanical lifters may be modified or re-assessed, provided that such alterations are analyzed and approved. Balanced c-Hook are to be designed by considering forces imposed by the lifted load, the weights of the device’s parts, since balanced c hooks are subjected repeated loading and unloading, there is probability of failure due stress concentration. To prevent chances of failure, Prior study is required on this; the materials which are generally used for the C hook are considered for a particular loading condition of 10 Tons, Design of the bellow the hooks is done by numerical method. Modeling and Simulations are carried to determine the various factors like deformation, stresses generated and mode shapes. The comparison among all the selected materials is done to check the suitability of the material to use as a balanced C hook. For the generation of CAD model of C -Hook various geometrical features and Dimensions are selected as per the specification from ASME B30.20 standard. To investigate statics stress results and model are obtained from Finite element Method. from the results of the analysis it is observed that results obtained are in close match with each other and maximum stress concentration occurs at inner most surface
Fabrication and Investigation of Mechanical Properties of SiC Particulate Reinforced AA5052 Metal Matrix Composite
Get PDFIn this present research particulate reinforced aluminium metal matrix composite is developed by using sand mould and liquid stir casting processing route in which AA5052 reinforced with 5 wt. % SiC particulates of 63µm particle size. The density, porosity, micro-hardness, and compressive strength of SiC particulate reinforced AA5052 MMC were investigated and compared these properties with similar properties of unreinforced AA5052. The microstructure of the developed composite was also analysed by using optical microscopy, SEM, and XRD. Developed particulate reinforced Al metal matrix composite gives improved hardness and compressive strength as compared to the unreinforced AA5052. The addition of 5 wt. % SiC particulates increases the density of AA5052
The 14-3-3 (YWHA) Proteins in Mammalian Reproduction
Get PDFThe 14-3-3 (YWHA or Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase/Tryptophan 5-Monooxygenase Activation protein) is an acidic and homologous protein family involved in regulation of key biological events including cell cycle, signal transduction and development. They are highly conserved and are expressed ubiquitously across a wide variety of species ranging from plants to animals. Seven isoforms of 14-3-3 exist in mammals, which are encoded by separate genes, have tissue-specific, developmental stage-specific as well as isoform-specific presence and consequences. It is known that these proteins play significant roles in mitosis of mammalian cells and meiosis of amphibians. However, their effects on development and functioning of mammalian gonads and germ cells are not entirely delineated. This paper, for the first time, provides a comprehensive review of the comparative expression, localization/distribution, binding interactions, and importance of the 14-3-3 proteins in gametogenesis and reproduction among multiple female and male mammalian species. Thorough understanding of these proteins in oogenesis and spermatogenesis would help elucidate the physiological basis of fertility in mammals, including humans
COVID-19 Pandemic and Research Publications; Necessity of Maintaining Scientific Integrity
Get PDFSince the COVID-19 outbreak began in China, scientists and health professionals have rushed to understand and mitigate the threat, however, its root cause, spreading characteristic, effective way to control as well as therapeutical approaches are still a mystery and matter of scientific debate. In an effort to fight against this disease scientists also rushed for a global collaborative approach by sharing their findings so that others can use known information. In view of such emergency scientific journals took steps to expedite the peer review process for coronavirus-related manuscripts which poses another challenge of scientific integrity. Community attention on integrity brought another concern where many authors argue against the idea of peer-review exception which compromises high standard for quality in the name of crisis situations. In the space of eight months, the research community’s response to COVID-19 gives rise to a large volume of paper submission which required rigorous reviewing and of course huge amount of time however, it’s also time which demands fastest publication of the latest finding. To balance in scientific integrity of scholarly journal as well as crisis demand to expedite dissemination of known knowledge, AIJR took a unique approach for COVID-19 related manuscript submission to Int. Ann. Sci. only through AIJR preprints invitation. In this approach author shall post COVID-19 related articles to AIJR Preprints and if it seems suitable for further peer-reviewing, author will get invited to submit to Int. Ann Sci. otherwise author will be advised to improve the article with an updated version. In this way the latest finding can get disseminated immediately as a preprint and after submission to the journal it can undergo standard reviewing process to maintain the scientific integrity. Although invitation through preprints serves both purpose of fastest dissemination and the journal can maintain scientific integrity, preprint may have its own risk for sharing non-reviewed version which may include dishonest findings. The only way to make preprints a great place for accelerated publishing and minimize associated risk of sharing non-reviewed findings is that the authors, readers, and most importantly media reporters act in a vigilant manner by following the sharing responsibility and guidelines adhering to the highest ethical standards