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Applications of Computer Vision, 2nd Edition
No full textThe objective of this reprint is to immerse the reader in the latest advances in computer vision, where leading experts share their insights, research findings, and challenges for the future using images or videos for inspection applications. The research works included use data collected using a wide range of technologies, such as unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), remote sensing, color camaras, and X-rays. In terms of objectives, they cover inspection tasks such as vehicle detection or identification, traffic sign detection, automatic QR code classification, defect or target detection in images, and contraband control through small-object detection or image classification. Other applications include image segmentation, image quality enhancement, or face recognition. The last topic discusses the issue of race and gender biases in deep learning for facial recognition. Our goal is to uncover the potential and promise of state-of-the-art methods, such as popular deep learning techniques based on convolutional neural networks (CNNs) and You Only Look Once (YOLO) architectures, by offering an exhaustive comparison between the proposed algorithms and the state-of-the-art methods. This Special Issue paves the way to a future where computer vision can assist or facilitate tedious inspection tasks normally performed by humans
Urban Landscape Transformation vs. Heritage
No full textThis Special Issue on “Urban Landscape Transformation vs. Heritage” is a reprint of 16 papers published in Land, with the aim to rethink cultural and natural heritage in the urban transformation context. It gathers diverse case studies and spatial disciplines from around the world, showing the interdisciplinary character of heritage issues linking landscape architecture, urban and landscape planning, urban design, civil engineering, architecture, sociology, geography, management, arts, and art history. Shared values are integrated into multiple historical layers observed as a results of complex transformation processes at all scales, from building to cities and beyond
L’œuvre en kanouri d'al-Hajj Musa ibn Hissein, un savant du Borno (Niger-Nigéria)
No full textLa rencontre, au début du XXe siècle au Caire, de deux savants, un lettré du Borno, al-Hajj Musa ibn Hissein, et un linguiste amateur allemand, Rudolf Prietze, résulta dans la production d’un ensemble exceptionnel de documents en kanouri transmis et composé par al-Hajj Musa. Ce sont à la fois des éléments issus de la culture populaire du Borno du XIXe siècle (contes, chansons et proverbes) et des textes de sa composition donnés sous formes orales et écrites. Dans ce cas, l'acte européen de collecte et de grammatisation n'a pas pu effacer la force de l'épistémè du Sahel au cœur de ces textes. Ainsi, l'analyse de ce corpus révèle des pratiques de compositions mentales translinguistiques nourries d’habitudes narratives et discursives à la fois religieuse et profane, savante et populaire, haoussa et kanouri. At the dawn of the twentieth century, in Cairo the encounter of a Kanuri scholar, al-Hajj Musa ibn Hissein, and a German amateur linguist, Rudolf Prietze, resulted in the production by al-Hajj Musa of an exceptional collection of Kanuri texts. This oral and written corpus gathers original texts and tales, songs and proverbs from the popular culture of nineteenth century Borno. The European act of collecting and grammatization could not erase, in this case, the strength of the original episteme. When studied as historical sources, this corpus of texts shed light on translinguistic practices, in between Kanuri and Hausa, and on the role of memorization and mental composure at the intersection of the religious and the secular and of erudition and popular culture
Sprachliche Bildung im Fach Philosophie
No full textDieses Open-Access-Buch ist der Entwicklung eines systematischen Konzepts sprachsensiblen Philosophierens gewidmet. Seit einigen Jahren besteht Konsens, dass sprachliche Bildung Aufgabe eines jeden Unterrichtfaches ist. Innerhalb der Philosophiedidaktik wird dies bislang allerdings kaum berücksichtigt, obwohl – oder vielleicht gerade weil – das Arbeiten mit und an Sprache seit jeher zentral für die Disziplin der Philosophie ist. Die Autorin bestimmt zunächst sprachphilosophisch und bildungsethisch, wie ein sprachsensibler Philosophieunterricht angesichts der sprachlichen Anforderungen und Besonderheiten des Faches angelegt sein kann und sollte. Vor diesem Hintergrund wird die damit verbundene Forschungslücke geschlossen, methodische Möglichkeiten eines solchen kritisch sprachsensiblen Philosophierens auf Basis sprach- und fachwissenschaftlicher Vorarbeiten herzuleiten. In diesem Sinne werden sogenannte (hermeneutisch-)phänomenologische sowie (sprach-)analytische Ansätze didaktisch transformiert. Die gewonnenen methodischen Prinzipien werden anschließend auf das Philosophieren mit Gedankenexperimenten angewandt und in Gestalt einer exemplarischen, methodisch wie sprachbildend integrativen Reihe für die Unterrichtspraxis nutzbar gemacht
Chapter Economic inequalities in an Iberian urban society: Tortosa before and after the Black Death
No full textThe city of Tortosa was one of the most important urban centres in late medieval Catalonia, mainly thanks to its river port, which linked the Iberian interior to the Mediterranean trade networks. In the archives of Tortosa there are several registers of wealth, called manifests, which served as the basis for the distribution of direct taxes according to the wealth of each taxpayer. This paper examines the only two manifests that are complete, those of 1316 and 1353: together they allow us to study the impact of the Black Death on population and wealth. The paper first describes the socio-economic and urban structure of the city in the fourteenth century and then the main features of the sources used. Secondly, it examines the structure and evolution of the distribution of population and wealth between 1316 and 1353. Finally, we propose some reflections on the impact of the plague of 1348 on both economic inequality and the demographic structure of the city of Tortosa
Scripting Genocide
No full textScripting Genocide traces the history of how and why the Wannsee Conference has repeatedly attracted the attention of American, British, and German screenwriters and filmmakers since 1960. This book investigates how the dramatic, fictionalized depictions of the Wannsee Conference offered filmmakers, and especially screenwriters, opportunities to be public historians
All’ombra del colonialismo italiano
No full textPublishedNegli ultimi anni, le vicende relative alla storia e alle memorie del colonialismo italiano hanno occupato un ruolo sempre più significativo all’interno del dibattito pubblico e di quello accademico. Sono ormai numerosi i progetti e le iniziative – sia istituzionali che promossi dalla società civile – che mirano a riflettere sulle permanenze materiali e immateriali della stagione coloniale ben oltre la sua fine formale. A partire da queste premesse, il volume – nato da un dossier di «E-Review. Rivista degli istituti storici dell’Emilia-Romagna in rete» – si concentra sul caso emiliano-romagnolo, che per varie ragioni e vicende è stato significativo all’interno del progetto coloniale italiano. Attraverso il racconto e l’analisi di storie, archivi e delle memorie coloniali presenti nel territorio regionale, e inquadrando queste vicende nel contesto nazionale ed internazionale, i contributi raccolti nel volume propongono una lettura critica delle tracce coloniali che ancora abitano gli spazi pubblici e privati della nostra contemporaneità
Urinary Tract Health and Care
No full textDear Colleagues, Lower urinary tract symptoms are common in women of all ages, with different causes and expressions according to patient age and condition. Most of the time, the symptoms are transitory and recover with no or simple therapy. Nevertheless, for some women, the symptoms are ongoing and interfere with normal routines, impacting the quality of life. Urinary tract dysfunctions range from infective disorders to impaired continence physiology, with urinary incontinence and or urinary outlet obstruction, as well as chronic pelvic pain of unknown origin and dyspareunia. Frequently, these aspects combine with each other, leading to complex clinical presentations. Many women never tell anyone about their symptoms and are reticent even with their gynecologist. Referral to a pelvic floor center is not usually required. On the other hand, the management of these conditions is never fulfilled by one single specialist but by a team of specialists who work together to ensure pelvic floor and urinary tract health. This Special Issue of Healthcare is dedicated to offering an overview of female urinary tract health and care
Chapter Albrecht von Haller’s Self-Reviews and Style of Reasoning
No full textDespite the review ethos introduced by the physician Albrecht von Haller when he took over the Göttingische gelehrte Nachrichten as chief editor in 1747, he wrote many self-reviews. This article examines von Haller’s numerous self-reviews in order to explore the aims of reviewing, the openness of scholarship, the relationship between reviewing and truth, and the scientific language used, which can be summarised as what Marco Sgarbi, in a stimulating article, has called a “style of reasoning.” Reviews and self-reviews did not develop as an autonomous genre, but were integrated into a system of intermediality in which publications, reviews, (semi-)private letters and images responded to one another. They were primarily aimed at correcting and advancing science in the complexity of his intellectual, personal and cultural options
Mathematical Modeling and Data Science for Biology and Medicine
No full textThis reprint contains all of the articles that were accepted and published in the Special Issue of Mathematics titled "Mathematical Modeling and Data Science for Biology and Medicine ". This Special Issue aims to highlight the development and growing application of mathematical models and data science in medicine, as well as their role in enhancing the understanding and clinical management of various diseases. The articles included in this Issue explore a diverse array of topics, such as cell differentiation, blood flow, tumor growth under virotherapy, chemotherapy treatment sequences for triple-negative locally advanced breast cancer, incidence-dependent management strategies against an SEIRS epidemic, important measures for the prevention and control of the COVID-19 epidemic, invadopodia formation in cancer cells, fitting parameters for multi-exponential diffusion-weighted MRI, and oncolytic virotherapy. These studies employ a variety of mathematical tools, including graph theory, transport equation, systems of ordinary differential equations, systems of nonlinear diffusion equations, free boundary problems, center manifold theory, and optimization techniques, to model a wide range of biological processes. In addition, medical applications are presented based on their mathematical analyses and numerical simulations. Through these articles, readers will gain valuable insights into the latest trends and applications of mathematical modeling in medicine