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Pain, sleep disturbance and quality of life among Palestinian patients diagnosed with cancer
No full textThe objective of this descriptive study is to explore
the relationships between pain, sleep disturbance, and quality
of life among Palestinian patients diagnosed with cancer in the
West Bank. The quality of life questionnaire, visual analogue pain scale, and physical health status were used in data collection.
Pain and sleep disturbance showed high negative correlations with functional scales of quality of life and positive with symptom scales. The findings of this study give evidence about the importance of assessing pain and sleep quality among Palestinian patients with cancer.Birzeit Universit
Evaluation of right to education capacity building project
No full textThe resource rooms project had been carried out by the Ministry of Education and Higher Education at 2005. It is directed to students with mental disability and learning difficulties. The number of the resource rooms was 3 on 2005 while its about 87 room for the school year 2013-2014. During 2012 - 2014, the ministry, through the general directorate of counseling and special education (GDCSE), offered several training programs that were directed to special education supervisors (SESs) and inclusive education counselors (IECs) and resource room teachers (RRTs). The purpose of the evaluation is to determine the quality assurance mechanism of teaching methods in the resource rooms and integrated classes; to determine established procedures for training of newly appointed teachers for resource rooms and integrated classes; and to determine the sustainability regarding capacity development in special education issues. To achieve the study objectives, the qualitative paradigm was used where field observation was carried out and eight RRTs were interviewed. In addition, three SESs were interviewed separately, and 16 ICSs were interviewed through two focus groups, two policy and decision makers in the MOEHE were interviewed, and three of the staff in DSSE who are responsible of planning, implementing and following-up the training programs. The data was collected during the second semester of the 2013-2014 academic years. The results showed that teaching in RRs follow similar pattern and that there is no diagnosis for students' learning difficulties in the RRs. The results indicated that RRT received limited support from parents and school Mathematics and Arabic language teachers. RRTc. IESs, SESs asked GDCSE to study the training programs carefully so that to avoid offering similar training programs and make sure that the training programs include practical training experiences. The recommendations include the necessity to provide students with supportive teaching in their regular classrooms and when they become fifth graders, and the necessity to modify the structure of RR program so that the number of needed classes for the students are determined based on students' needs and learning difficulties, and to make sure that the training programs include practical training experiencesMinistry of Education and Highr Education and the Swedish Organization for Individual Relief (SOIR
The handbook of interior design
No full textOffers a theory of interior design by moving beyond a descriptive approach to the discipline to a 'why and how' study of interiorsThe Handbook of Interior Design offers a compilation of current ways of thinking that
inform the discipline of interior design. In putting together this work, intiators invited worldwide participation to ensure a
broad spectrum of contributors. Each author’s experiences, academic training, cultural
background, and understanding of both the discipline and the profession of
interior design shape each essay. Similarly, these are what shape a collective perception
of how the discipline is understood, how it is taught, and how it is practiced
إستخدام النانو حديد في تنظيف التربة الملوثه بعنصر الكروميوم و تأثير ذلك على نموالنبات و بكتيريا التربة
No full textRecently, a huge amount of laboratory-scale research and field tests
are being carried out internationally in order to assess the
effectiveness of iron nanotechnology in environmental cleanup.
Published results have shown that nano iron is an effective tool for
remediation of water and soil from various kinds of organic and
inorganic pollutants. Together with this, increasing attention is also
paid to the impact of nano iron on the biosphere.
In this study, nano iron was applied to remediate soil samples
contaminated with chromium. Hexavalent chromium is a well known
pollutant in water and soil, particularly in the vicinity of industrial
regions. In addition to this, the effect of nano iron on plant growth and
soil bacteria was investigated.
This research was conducted in cooperation between Chemistry
department and department of Biology and Biochemistry at Birzeit
University. Nano iron was synthesized, and its efficiency toward
Cr(VI) removal was tested using laboratory scale experiments under
various experimental conditions. The assessment of nano iron impact
on plant growth and soil bacteria was realized using the facilities
found at the department of Biology and Biochemistry.
The results indicate that both of nZVI and Z-nZVI materials are very
effective in Cr(VI) removal, as the percentage removal exceeded 90
percent for most of the studied concentrations. For nZVI, equilibrium
of Cr(VI) removal is approached in about one hour of contact between
liquid and solid phases. For Z-nZVI, the process was slower and more
than four hours were required to attain equilibrium. The data of ZnZVI
obeyed pseudo first order kinetics, with k1 (rate constant)
calculated as min-1
, and Qmax (maximum
sorbable amount) found as mg/g.
The removal of Cr(VI) is high over a wide range of pH values, the
removal was seen to decrease in the alkaline medium. Generally, the
removal of Cr(VI) by Z-nZVI is more pH-dependent than that of
nZVI.
The results of EDX mapping analysis showed that the Cr signals are
associated with the Fe signals, not with Si, indicating that Cr ions
favors binding to iron nanoparticles more than soil.
No negative effect of nZVI and GT-Fe on Corn growth at the lower
applied dose (0.1 mg/Kg) on soil fertility and plant nutrition was
observed, however, high concentrations of Fe NPs can be harmful to
the corn plants.
The results of bacteria tests showed that Cr(VI) solutions have little
effect on the tested bacteria types at low concentrations, but
detrimental effects at higher concentrations. nZVI (and Cr-nZVI)
demonstrated the highest detrimental effect, GT-Fe NPs had less
detrimental effect than nZVI. The extent of the effect will depend
significantly on the applied concentration
التحول في الهوية الفلسطينية و تجلياتها في ضوء تشرذم المجتمع الفلسطيني منذ العام 1948
No full textفصل من كتاب : قضية فلسطين و مستقبل المشروع الوطني الفلسطيني ؛ الجزء الأول بعنوان : في الهوية و المقاومة و القانون الدوليتسعى هذه الدراسة لتشخيص و تحليل العوامل المؤثرة في تحول هوية الفلسطينيين الجماعية و تجلياتها
في كل من الضفة الغربية وقطاع غزة، ودول الشتات، والأراضي المحتلة عام 1948، من خلال الإجابة عن الأسئلة التالية: ما هي العوامل السياسية و الإجتماعية التي عززت الهوية الفلسطينية الجماعية؟ وما هي العوامل التي أضعفتها وساهمت في تراجعها لمصلحة هويات فرعية دينية أو حمائلية أو جهوية؟ وما هي تجليات و خصوصيات هذه الهوية أو الهويات في الوطن وفي المنافي
التطورات الحاصلة على قوانين الأحوال الشخصية في الدول العربية
No full textتعرض ىذه الدراسة لمتطورات الحاصمة في قوانيف األحواؿ الشخصية في المنطقة العربية، وكذلؾ التوجيات
المقترحة عمى مشروعات القوانيف في بعض الدوؿ التي لـ تقـ بعد بإصدار قوانيف معدلة أو جديدة لألحواؿ
ُ الشخصية. وقد تحدد النطاؽ الجغرافي لمبحث في حالة الدوؿ العربية الت عرؼ بالربيع العربي
ي مرت بما بات ي
مثؿ مصر، واليمف، وليبيا، وتونس، وبعض الدوؿ األخرى مثؿ األردف، والجزائر، والبحريف، والكويت، واإلمارات
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العربية المتحدة، والمغرب، وقطر. في حيف اقتصر النطاؽ الموضوعي لمبحث عمى د ارسة المسائؿ اآلتية: سف
الزواج، والوًلية في الز واج، والميراث، والخمع، وتعدد الزوجات، وحؽ الزوجة في تطميؽ نفسيا والتفريؽ القضائي
بيف الزوجيف، والحضانة والنفقة، عمى اعتبار أف ىذه المسائؿ مف أبرز الجوانب المتصمة بحقوؽ المرأة في
تشريعات األحواؿ الشخصية.
تيدؼ الدراسة إلى الوقوؼ عمى نمط وطبيعة التطور الحاصؿ عمى مسائؿ األحواؿ الشخصية محؿ البحث،
وبشكؿ خاص أثر الثورات العربية عمى حركة التجديد والتطوير في ىذه المسائؿ. ما قد يفيد في توجيو عناية
قانوف األحواؿ الشخصية الفمسطيني.
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المشرع الفمسطيني إلى مثؿ ىذه التطو ارت عند سف
ولما كانت بعض الدوؿ العربية قد صادقت عمى اتفاقية حقوؽ الطفؿ لعاـ 1989 ،وكذلؾ اًلتفاقية الدولية
لمقضاء عمى كؿ أشكاؿ التمييز ضد المرأة )سيداو(، فقد ارتأينا، وقبؿ الدخوؿ في موضوعات الدراسة، بياف
مفيوـ الطفؿ في ىاتيف اًلتفاقيتيف، ًلتصاؿ ذلؾ بالسف القانونية لمزواج، وما يترب عمى ذلؾ مف آثار.
فت الماد
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عر ة )1 )مف اتفاقية حقوؽ الطفؿ التي اعتمدتيا الجمعية العامة لألمـ المتحدة عاـ 1989ـ الطفؿ عمى
الرشد قبؿ ذلؾ بموجب القانوف المنطبؽ عميو". في حيف
ّ
أنو: "كؿ إنساف لـ يتجاوز الثامنة عشرة ما لـ يبمغ سف
تنص الفقرة )2 )مف المادة )16 )مف اتفاقية )سيداو( عمى أنو: "ًل يكوف لخطوبة الطفؿ أو زواجو أي أثر
أدنى لمزواج ولجعؿ تسجيؿ
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قانوني وتتخذ جميع اإلج ارءات الضرورية بما في ذلؾ التشريعية منيا لتحديد سف
ا إل ازميا".
ً
الزواج في سجؿ رسمي أمر
أدنى لسف الزواج دوف تفرقة
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وتحظر اتفاقية سيداو زواج األطفاؿ وخطبتيـ، وتمزـ الدوؿ بوضع حد بيف الذكر
واألنثى. وقد صادقت مصر عمى ىذه اًلتفاقية مع التحفظ عمى المادة 16 التي نصت في فقرتيا الثانية عمى
أدنى لمزواج.
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ضرورة تحديد سف
وكانت لجنة القضاء عمى التمييز ضد المرأة قد أوصت في سنة 1994 برفع الحد األدنى لسف الزواج إلى
الثامنة عشرة بالنسبة لمجنسيف عمى السواء. كما أوصت لجنة حقوؽ الطفؿ في سنة 2003 الدوؿ باستعراض
1 التشريعات والممارسات؛ بغية رفع الحد األدنى لمزواج إلى الثامنة عشرة لكال الجنسيف
Gas-phase reaction kinetics of 1, 3-disilacyclobutane in a hot-wire chemical vapor deposition reactor
No full textPublished in : Thin Solid Films , Volume 595, Part B, 30 November 2015, Pages 239-24The reaction kinetics of the decomposition of 1,3-disilacyclobutane (DSCB) was investigated using a hot-wire chemical vapor deposition reactor. The reaction products were monitored using a vacuum ultraviolet laser single-photon ionization source coupled with a time-of-flight mass spectrometer. Steady-state approximation was used to determine the rate constants for three main decomposition pathways of DSCB: the exocyclic H2 elimination (k1), the cycloreversion (k2), and the ring-opening via 1,2-H shift (k3). Separate k2 and k3 were not obtained, but 2k2 + k3 and k1 were determined. The activation energy (Ea) for the exocyclic H2 elimination reaction was determined to be 63.5 kJ·mol−1. Compared to the Ea value of 43.6 kJ·mol−1 previously obtained under collisionfree conditions at much lower pressures, the value from this work is higher. This is attributed to the filament
aging caused by the formation of silicon carbide (SiC) and tungsten sub-carbide (W2C) on the wire surface.
The heterogeneous reactions on the metal surface also led to a much faster decay constant, koverall, for DSCB than those for each individual decomposition pathway, k1 and 2k2 + k3
No full textStaty,Mahmoud:
Giacaman,Henry:We calculate the effect of the inclusion of the centre of mass (CM) motion on
the survival of light nuclear clusters in a vapour of nucleons at very low
densities and moderate temperatures. The Mott transition refers to the dissolution
of these clusters above a certain vapour density (the Mott density).
The cluster CM motion has so far been included approximately or at fixed CM
momentum in calculations of the Mott density. Often it is neglected altogether
due to technical difficulties. In the present work we include the CM motion
exactly for clusters up to A = 4 and calculate its effect by averaging over all
values of the CM momentum at a given temperature rather than at a fixed
value of the CM momentum. We demonstrate that the inclusion of the CM
momentum shifts the Mott density to higher values. The shift, however,
decreases as the cluster mass increases