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التحليل المورفومتري لأحواض التصريف النهري باستخدام إحصاءات المتغيرات المتعددة ونظم المعلومات الجغرافية حوض عمان الزرقاء كحالة دراسية
No full textهدفت هذه الدراسة إلى تحديد أهم الملامح الجيومورفولوجية لحوض نهر عمان الزرقاء في الأردن وأبرز التغيرات والخصائص المورفومترية والتي يمكن قراءة قيمها كمؤشرات ترتبط بجيولوجية و مناخ و بيئة منطقة الدراسة والتي تؤثر على هيدرولوجية الحوض و ما يرتبط بها من كميات للمياه المتوفرة ولا سيما بعد التحولات الديموغرافية الحالية و المرتبطة بتدفق اللاجئين من بعض دول الجوار حيث استقرت نسبة كبيرة من هؤلاء المهاجرين في التجمعات الحضرية و الواقعة ضمن بيئة منطقة الدراسة مثل مدينتي عمان و الزرقاء والمفرق حيث يوجد مخيم الزعتر
Chemical composition, anthelmintic, antibacterial and antioxidant effects of Thymus bovei essential oil
No full textBackground
It has been recently recognized that oxidative stress, helminth and microbial infections are the cause of much illness found in the underdeveloped, developing and developed countries. The present study was undertaken to identify the chemical composition, and to assess anthelmintic, antimicrobial and antioxidant effects of Thymus bovei essential oil.
Methods
The chemical composition of the essential oil was analyzed using gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Antimicrobial activity was tested against the selected strains from American Type Culture Collection (ATCC) and clinical isolates such as Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus, Candida albicans using MIC assay. The anthelmintic assay was carried out on adult earthworm (Pheretima posthuma), while antioxidant activity was analyzed using the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging method.
Results
Trans-geraniol (35.38 %), α-citral (20.37 %) and β-citral (14.76 %) were the major compounds comprising 70.51 % of the essential oil. Our results showed that T. bovei essential oil exhibited strong anthelmintic activity, even higher than piperazine citrate, the used reference standard, with potential antioxidant activity almost equal to the Trolox standard. Furthermore, T. bovei essential oil had powerful antibacterial and antifungal activities against the studied pathogens.
Conclusion
Essential oil of T. bovei exerted excellent antioxidant, antimicrobial, and anthelmintic activities. Moreover, this study found that T. bovei volatile oil contains active substances that could potentially be used as natural preservatives in food and pharmaceutical industries, these substances could also be employed for developing new anthelmintic, antimicrobial and antioxidant agents
Formation of contract under the Islamic Majallah and UNIDROIT Principles of 2010
No full textPeer-reviewedThis article focuses on the rules for creating contracts under the Islamic Majallah and UNIDROIT Principles of 2010. The research uses an analytical approach and comparative Arab jurisprudence. To compare the Majallah and UNIDROIT Principles academically, this article’s focus is especially on countries where the civil law originated from the Majallah. Such countries include Jordan, Kuwait, and the United Arab Emirates. Here we show that the Majallah generally agrees with the UNIDROIT Principles regarding the rules of contract formation. The main points of disagreement between the two are seen in a very limited number of concepts
Processing over encrypted data : between theory and practice
No full textData encryption is a common approach to protect the confidentiality of users’ data. However, when computation is required, the data must be decrypted before processing. The decryption-for-processing approach causes critical threats. For instance, a compromised server may lead to the leakage of data or cryptographic keys. On the other hand, data owners are concerned since the data
is beyond their control. Thus, they look for mechanisms to achieve strong data protection. Accordingly,
alternatives for protecting data become essential. Consequently, the trend of processing over encrypted data starts to arise along with a rapidly growing literature. This paper surveys applications, tools, building blocks, and approaches that can be used to directly process encrypted
data (i.e., without decrypting it). The purpose of this survey is to provide an overview of existing systems
and approaches that can be used to process encrypted data, discuss commercial usage of such systems, and to analyze the current developments in this are
Women's specific needs and urban planning practices in the Middle East case of Palestine
No full textThis chapter is based on a research work about how women’s specific needs, particularly those related to culture, are considered in design of cities and urban planning practices in the Middle Eastern cities, where culture plays a critical role in driving women behaviors and influences their participation in the community life. Palestine, as being a middle-eastern country, will be presented as a case study to provide a perspective on how the cultural needs of women in general, and women's privacy need in particular, are accommodated in a local context that can be generalized to many other MENA region countries. Observations and interviews are used as two main methods for data collections. The outcome of this study emphasizes the importance of including women's needs, particularly privacy, in the curriculum of architecture and urban planning. This will enhance the knowledge about how to design and develop urban environments that support women’s specific needs, so that women can use these cities comfortably and take part in urban and public life.Qatar Petrochemical Company (QAPCO
Cost-benefit analysis of beneficial uses of reclaimed water : three case studies from Palestine
No full textThis research aimed at studying the cost/benefit (CB) analysis (CBA) of selective beneficial uses
of reclaimed water. Three wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) serving Alteereh-Ramallah
(MBR facility), Al-Taybeh and Rammun (RBC system) and Anza (Activated sludge) form case
studies for the CB analysis of diverse reclaimed water quality. The 10 years net present values of
CBA for reclaimed water reuse projects in irrigation for three case studies were 5,172,963 (NIS)
for Alteereh, 1,150,380 (NIS) for Anza and 1,294,206 (NIS) for Al-Taybeh and Rammun
reclaimed water reuse projects in irrigation. The C/B ratio for the reclaimed water reuse projects
were 5.04 for Alteereh, 2.55 for Anza and 1.94 for Al-Taybeh and Rammun. For Al-Taybeh and
Rammun reclaimed water reuse project in concrete mixing industry, it showed low NPV and C/B
ratio, which indicates that the reuse of reclaimed water in irrigation have more benefits due to the
socio-political and environmental benefits involved in the agriculture projects in Palestine. From
the results obtained, it was noted that the reuse project associated with high-reclaimed water
quality, has higher NPV and B/C ratio, which indicates that choosing higher WWTP technologies
is more justified. To ensure the sustainability of reclaimed water reuse projects, public
consultation, awareness raising campaigns and governmental subsidization should accompany the
reuse projects, further studies are needed to explore costs minimization and benefits maximization,
using renewable energy and choosing the high value crops
Two Scarab Seals from Khallet el-Qaᶜaqir- Kherbit el-Kom Village
No full textmiddle bronze age scarab seals from PalestineThe two scarabs were discovered in a tomb in Khallet el-Qaʕaqir near el-Kom village (sea level 425m, E-146590 N- 104440), about 13 km south west of Hebron during a salvage excavation carried out by the Department of Palestinian Antiquities and Cultural Heritage on 15 June 2014. The current location of the objects is in Hebron Antiquity Department, closet 5, shelf 3, case 61. On 11 June 2015 they were made available for stud
Ramallah city region integrated development project vision and pilot developmental projects
No full textMay,Madi:LibraryRamallah metropolitan area includes 31 communities within 230 square kilometers area, It is considered a vital region within the West Bank. The concentration of the governmental
institutions, administrative bodies, public services, commercial aspects and, hence, residential
agglomeration in Ramallah city reflect the current status of this study area as a monocentric
urban patter
