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Design and Modelling of a 6kW Grid-Connected Photovoltaic System – AC Stage
No full textIn this paper, the grid-side of a grid-connected
Photovoltaic (PV) system is designed, modelled and simulated
using Matlab/Simulink environment. The developed model
implements all components for synchronizing the PV system with
the grid; these components are a three-phase Voltage Source
Inverter (VSI), a grid filter, grid synchronization and VSI
controller. Each component of the system is modelled, simulated
and validated. Then, the controller of complete PV system is
designed to simulate many scenarios under various grid and
weather conditions. The simulation results show that, the model is
simple, reliable, stable and suitable for studying the gridconnected PV system. The model achieves various control
strategies and operates under various weather conditions
successfully and accuratel
Abscisic acid, cold and salt stimulate conserved metabolic regulation in the moss Physcomitrella patens
No full textSalt and cold are major abiotic stresses that have adverse effects on plant growth and
development. To cope with these stresses and their detrimental effects plants have
evolved several metabolic, biochemical and physiological processes that are mainly
triggered and mediated by the plant hormone abscisic acid (ABA).
• To elucidate the metabolic responses of the moss Physcomitrella patens, which serves
as a model plant for abiotic stress adaptation, we performed GC-MS-based metabolic
profiling of plants challenged for 5 and 28 h with either salt, cold or ABA.
• Our results indicate significant changes in the accumulation of several sugars including maltose, isomaltose and trehalose, amino acids including arginine, histidine,
ornithine, tryptophan and tyrosine, and organic acids mainly citric acid and malonic
acid. The metabolic responses provoked by ABA, cold and salt show considerable similarities. The accumulation of certain metabolites positively correlates with gene
expression data whereas some metabolites do not show correlation with cognate transcript abundance.
• To place our results into an evolutionary context we compared the ABA- and stressinduced metabolic changes in moss to available metabolic profiles of the seed plant
Arabidopsis thaliana. We detected considerable conservation between the species, indicating early evolution of stress-associated metabolic adaptations that probably
occurred at the plant water-to-land transition
the effectiveness of applying transformational leadership within the roles of administrative leaders
No full textThe purpose of the study is evaluating the effectiveness of applying
Transformational leadership within the role of administrative leaders in Palestinian
universities as perceived by beneficiaries such as faculty members in Beirzait University
and Al-quds University, to spread awareness and increasing faculty members' knowledge of
transformational leadership traits as it contributes in instilling excellence principles in the
institutional work through applying the domains of transformational leadership,
consequently; exploring similarities and differences between them.
The sample contained two groups, the first was faculty members from Beirzait
university totaling (100) faculty members as they are the most important beneficiaries and
able to determine the application of Transformational leadership within the role of
administrative leaders in Palestinian universities, the second was a group of faculty
members from Al-quds university totaling (100) faculty members.
In general, the findings related to individual consideration showed that there were
no differences in the opinions of both universities about the application of Transformational
leadership within the role of administrative leaders in Palestinian universities except for the
second item provided that (the administrative leadership in the university cares about the
feelings of employees through encouragement and advise) in favor of faculty members in
Beirzait universities. Moreover, item 970 provided that (administrative leadership spends
time in training others), item (10) provided that (administrative leadership works on
training and developing the abilities of employees in favor of Beirzait university; this
indicates the decrease in job satisfaction of Al-quds university faculty members especially
in training and development; this goes with inspiration domain for item (3) related to the
inspiring of employees by the administrative leadership and intellectual simulation domain
for item (60 related to the determination of weakness and strength points by administrative
leadership to treat them, this indicates the accuracy and agreement of respondents answers.
Therefore, the findings of the study showed that the administrative leadership in Alquds University should listen to its employees and take careful attention to their needs and
goes over its personal interests to the interests of the group. Moreover, the determination of
weakness and strength points by administrative leadership to treat them through adopting
evaluation and positive enforcement strategy.The Effectiveness of Applying Transformational Leadership within the Roles of Administrative
Leaders in Palestinian Universities / Comparative Approac
New conditions for (non)uniform behaviour of linear cocycles over flows
No full textWe give a characterization of tempered exponential dichotomies for linear cocycles over flows in terms of the spectral properties of certain linear operators. We consider noninvertible linear cocycles acting on infinite-dimensional spaces and our approach avoids the use of Lyapunov norms. Finally, we apply obtained results to give new conditionsfor uniform exponential stability of linear cocycles
Fault Tolerant Control of an Industrial Manufacturing Process Using Image Processing
No full textThis paper presents an efficient technique for monitoring and control of wind turbines. Fault tolerant control (FTC) is designed using Parity-Space approach to diagnose the sensor faults in the wind turbine. Based on the fault detection system an FTC scheme is proposed to accommodate and reconfigurable the control signals. The main contribution of this study is to develop a monitoring and control system of wind turbine, which reduces the system components as well as to increase the reliability and safety of wind turbines. The sensors which considered in this study are pitch position, generator speed and rotor speed sensors. Real data of wind measurement and real parameters of wind turbine is used to illustrate the proposed scheme
The legal conflict between France and Israel over the North-African Waqfs in Jerusalem between 1948-1967
No full textAn article published in : Annuaire Droit et Religions, vol. 9, Annes 2017-2018, pp. 25-43
Résumé. Cette étude vise à explorer la réaction française face à la nouvelle politique menée par Israël pendant la période 1948 – 1967 à l'égard des biens waqfs maghrébins à Jérusalem : à savoir, comment la France s'est portée tuteur légal, protecteur et conservateur de ces biens maghrébins dès la création de l'Etat d'Israël en mai 1948, comment elle a agi contre l’expropriation d’une grande partie de ces biens par Israël, notamment le village de `Ayn Kârim. L’objectif de cette recherche est d'expliquer la dynamique des relations entre la France et ces propriétés durant cette période rendue très sensible par la dégradation des relations entre la France et les pays de l’Afrique du Nord du fait des mouvements indépendantistes en général. Pour quelles raisons la France défendit-elle ces waqfs contre Israël, au moment où des Maghrébins déclenchaient la guerre contre elle ?
En outre, cette étude souhaite montrer que l’autorité israélienne a été contrainte d'accepter la reconnaissance du caractère waqf du village de 'Ayn Kârim et des terres qui en dépendaient, ainsi que le paiement depuis 1948 d’une redevance annuelle, établie sur des bases nouvelles, d'accord entre les deux parties. Depuis l’indépendance de l’Algérie en 1962, la France n’a plus eu aucun titre à poursuivre son action en faveur du waqf. En revanche, l’abandon de cette question par la France et les gouvernements du Maghreb a donné à Israël l’occasion de bloquer ce procès à son propre profit.This study attempts to reveal France’s policy during the period 1948-1967 towards the confiscation policy pursued by Israel against North-African Waqf in Jerusalem. The study shows how France declared itself, from the establishment of the State of Israel, the legal custodian and defender of the North-African Waqf in Jerusalem, especially of the village of ‘Ayn Kârim. The study also tries to interpret the nature of the relation between France and the North-African Waqfs and the reason(s) behind declaring its custody over this Waqf to the degree of specifying sums of money to maintain the survival and resilience of the Waqf estates as well as to engage in a legal dispute with Israel in this regard.
The study concludes that the French legal efforts had managed to extract concessions from Israel in the matter of the North-African Waqf and prevented Israel from considering it “Israeli Property”, that is to say that France was able to prove the illegality and illegitimacy of Israel’s control over the Waqf. Moreover, Israel agreed to compensate the North-African owners for the period during which it occupied their properties. However, the French government gave up on this case after Algeria’s independence in 1962; this and the failure of the Algerian government to follow up this case on behalf of France led both governments to close the file, much to the benefit of the Israeli government and its settlers
Electoral quota between equality and discrimination : an analytical study
No full textتناقش هذه الدراسة العلاقة بين الحق الأساسي للرجل بالمساواة في المنافسة الإنتخابية مع المرأة، و بين نظام الكوتا الذي يوفر للمرأة نوعا من الدعم الإيجابي بالإنتخابات، و ذلك استنادا للنظرية الترميمية القائمة على أساس وجود تضخم حقوقي واضح يقوم على فحص الحق إن كان حقا للوهلة الأولى أم لا، مع وجوب وجود إلتزامات إيجابية للدولة و إلتزامات أفقية بين الأفراد لضمان تطبيقه، و أخيرا موازنة الحق الأساسي مع القيود التي قد تفرضها عليه الدولة تحقيقاً لمصلحة عامة مشروعة، باعتبار الحقوق غير مطلقة وإنما قابلة للتقييد.
و أظهرت الدراسة أن نظام الكوتا يتمتع بمشروعية قانونية وفقا للإتفاقيات الدولية و القوانين الوطنية، كما أنه لا يشكل انتهاكا لحق الرجل بالمساواة في المنافسة الإنتخابية مع المرأة، و إنما تقييدا لهذا الحق تحقيقا لمصلحة عامة مشروعة تتمثل بتحقيق المساواة الفعلية بين الجنسين بشكلٍ يتدارك العوائق الإجتماعية القائمة. كما تطرقت الدراسة إلى أثر نظام الكوتا في الحياة العامة الفلسطينية من خلال المقارنة بين تجربتي انتخابات المجلس التشريعي في كل من عامي 1996 و 200
Decisions of the Palestinian constitutional judiciary
No full textيختص القضاء الدستوري في فلسطين بالرقابة على دستورية القوانين، و كذلك اختصاصات أخرى كتفسير نصوص الدستور. و لأهمية هذا القضاء في تحقيق دولة القانون القائمة على مبدأ سمو الدستور، نستعرض في هذه الورقة القرارات الصادرة عن القضاء الدستوري الفلسطيني، تلك الصادرة عن المحكمة العليا بصفتها الدستورية، و كذلك المحكمة الدستورية العليا، في قسمين؛ الأول يتضمن ملخصات حول هذه القرارات –على شكل بطاقات تعريفية- و تشمل رقم القرار؛ تاريخ القرار؛ مكان انعقاد المحكمة؛ طبيعة الدعوى؛ آلية الاتصال بالدعوى؛ الجهة الطاعنة؛ الجهة المطعون ضدها؛ الموضوع؛ و ملخص منطوق القرار. أما القسم الثاني منه يحتوي –على شكل ملاحق- النص الكامل للقرارات
الإختناقات المرورية في مدينتي رام الله و البيرة : كيفية تخفيفها في طرقها الشريانية
No full textمقال نشر في مجلة الجغرافي العربي، السنة 30، العدد 37، 2018، ص. 48-9
Assessment of compost quality and usage for agricultural use : a case study of Hebron, Palestine
No full textarticleComplying with the technical specifications
of compost production is of high importance not only
for environmental protection but also for increasing the
productivity and promotion of compost use by farmers
in agriculture. This study focuses on the compost quality
of the Palestinian market and farmers’ attitudes toward
agricultural use of compost. The quality is assessed
through selection of 20 compost samples of different
suppliers and producers and lab testing for quality parameters,
while the farmers’ attitudes to compost use for
agriculture are evaluated through survey questionnaire
of 321 farmers in the Hebron area. The results showed
that the compost in the Palestinian markets is of medium
quality due to partial or non-compliance with the quality
standards and guidelines. The Palestinian farmers
showed a positive attitude since 91.2% of them have
the desire to use compost in agriculture. The results also
showed that knowledge of difference between compost
and chemical fertilizers, perception of compost benefits,
and previously experiencing problems in compost use
are significant factors affecting the farmers’ attitude
toward the use of compost as an organic fertilizer