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The Real Estate Market in Jerusalem between Muslims and Christians 1800-1810
No full textThe stable political situation in Jerusalem during the Ottoman Era contributed
to the increase in economic activities in the city. Those economic transactions
included all religious groups in Jerusalem such as Muslims, Jews and Christians.
In spite of the division of Jerusalem into quarters based on the religious affiliation
such as the Muslim quarter, Jewish neighbourhood, and Christian neighbourhood,
neither quarter was devoted exclusively to a specific religious group. For instance,
the Muslims lived in Christian quarters and Jewish people lived in Muslim quarters
and vice versa. Such quarter relations among the people from the three aforementioned
religions contributed to the development of intertwined economic relations
that served their personal economic interests despite of religious differences.
The current study aims at examining the sale transactions that are available at the
Jerusalem Legislative Court in the nineteenth century shows that the real estate
transactions between Muslims and Christians in Christian quarters were very
active. This study aims also finding out if there were any religious reasons behind
those real estate transactions. That is, was it in the best interest of the Muslims to
convert Christian quarters to Muslims ones? Or was it in the best interest of Christians
aiming at eliminating the Muslim existence in those quarters by buying all
their real estate in an attempt to change the neighbourhood into a Christian one?
Or, was the main goal behind all those transactions purely financial gains and they
were not motivated by religious incentives?
This study will investigate and study this issue through the examination and analysis
of all the sales transactions that are available at the Jerusalem Legislative Court.
That is, a thorough statistical analysis of all those real estate transactions types will
be conducted to find answers to the above questions
Cellular and organismal toxicity of the anti-cancer small molecule, tolfenamic acid: a pre-clinical evaluation.
No full textLEE,Chris:
Connelly,Sarah:
Kayaleh,Omer:
Eslin,Don:Background/Aims: The small molecule, Tolfenamic acid (TA) has shown anti-cancer activity
in pre-clinical models and is currently in Phase I clinical trials at MD Anderson Cancer Center
Orlando. Since specificity and toxicity are major concerns for investigational agents, we tested
the effect of TA on specific targets, and assessed the cellular and organismal toxicity representing
pre‐clinical studies in cancer. Methods: Panc1, L3.6pl, and MiaPaCa-2 (pancreatic cancer),
hTERT-HPNE(normal), and differentiated/un-differentiated SH-SY5Y (neuroblastoma) cells
were treated with increasing concentrations of TA. Cell viability and effect on specific molecular
targets, Sp1 and survivin were determined. Athymic nude mice were treated with vehicle or
TA (50mg/kg, 3times/week for 6 weeks) and alterations in the growth pattern, hematocrit, and
histopathology of gut, liver, and stomach were monitored. Results: TA treatment decreased
cell proliferation and inhibited the expression of Sp1 and survivin in cancer cells while only
subtle response was observed in normal (hTERT-HPNE) and differentiated SH-SY5Y cells. Mice
studies revealed no effect on body weight and hematocrit. Furthermore, TA regimen did not
cause signs of internal-bleeding or damage to vital tissues in mice. Conclusion: These results
demonstrate that TA selectively inhibits malignant cell growth acting on specific targets and
its chronic treatment did not cause apparent toxicity in nude mic
Changes in the area of land cover in the Governorate of Jericho between 1960 and 2006 by using remote sensing technique
Get PDFARTICLEمقال نشر في مجلة : مؤتة للبحوث و الدراسات، سلسلة العلوم الإنسانية و الإجتماعية، مج. 28، عدد 7، 2013يهدف هذا البحث إلى دراسة التغيرات في أنماط الغطاء الأرضي في محافظة أريحا، وذلك
بالاعتماد على المسح الميداني، والصور الجوية، والمرئيات الفضائية لعام 2006 ،حيث قورنت
أنماط الغطاء الأرضي مع تلك التي كانت سائدة عام 1960 .اعتمدت الدراسة على منهج تصنيف
الاحتمال الأقصى (Probability Maximum Likelihood (على بيانات منطقة الدراسة، حيث
استُخدمت معاملات شدة الاحتمالية لتصنيف الخلايا (Pixels (المجهولة، وذلك بحساب احتمالية
قيمة الخلايا (Pixels (التي تنتمي لكل فئة من أنماط الغطاء الأرضي، وعولجت وصنّفت هذه
البيانات باستخدام 10-PCI و 3.9 GIS ARC .أظهرت الدراسة وجود زيادة ملحوظة في
في 2 مساحة الاستخدام العمراني في العام 2006 مقارنة بالعام 1960 ،إذ بلغت 15237252 م
في عام 1960 ،في حين بلغت مساحة الاستخدام 2 العام 2006 ،بينما بلغت 4966370 م
2 الزراعي92322846 م
عام 1960 ،والمتمثل في 2 عام 2006 ،بينما كانت 7840600 م
الخضروات، والمحاصيل الحقلية، والحمضيات
