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Cognitive caregiving for parents in the occupied Palestinian territory : a cross-sectional survey
No full textNi'meh,Al-Shami:Centre for Environmental and Occupational Health...
Rula,Ghandour:Community and Public Health
Community and Public Health,:Background
Children younger than 5 years represent 14•7é of the Palestinian society. Parenting is important for child development, so various organisations have focused on identifying protective and risk factors related to parenting and child development. The cognitive caregiving behaviour of Palestinian parents with children younger than 5 years in the occupied Palestinian territory (oPt) was assessed.
Methods
The Palestinian Family Health Survey 2006, Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics, Ramallah, West Bank, oPt, included three questions about whether family members had read books or stories to or helped children with drawing during the 3 days preceding the survey. A cognitive caregiving scale was constructed from questions used to identify whether either of the parents had engaged in such activities with good internal consistency (a 0-76). The scale was recoded as no activity and at least one activity. x2 testing was used to check for significant associations of cognitive caregiving with each variable—region, locality, mother's age, parent's education and relation to labour forces, child's sex, and family’s wealth status. Binary logistic regression was done to identify confounders. Data were analysed with SPSS (version 17.0).
Findings
5352 households were visited for the survey: 3051 (57a) from the West Bank and 2301 (43%) from the Gaza Strip, oPt. Mothers in 1869 (35a) households had greater than high-school education. 2298 (43a) households were classified as poor, 2224 (42a) middle class, and 830 (16a) better off financially. 2962 (55a) parents did not practice cognitive caregiving. Logistic regression analysis showed that children in better-off (odds ratio 1-29, 95a CI 1-08—1-52) and middle-class families (1-20, 1-06—1-35) were more likely to receive cognitive caregiving from their parents than were children from other families. Children with educated mothers (>12 years of education) were more likely to receive cognitive caregiving than were those whose mothers had less education (1-45, 1•28—1 -64). Parents in the Gaza Strip were less likely to engage in cognitive caregiving than were those from the West Bank
(0-85, 0-76—0 95)
Interpretation
The findings suggest that children from the Gaza strip, from poor families, or with less educated mothers need more cognitive caregiving. Training, support, and awareness programmes are needed for parents of these children to improve cognitive caregiving for them in the oPt
Incorporation of iron nanoparticles into clinoptilolite and its application for the removal of cationic and anionic dyes
No full textMuath,Nairat:Michigan State UniversityThis study reports the preparation of composite sorbents of iron nanoparticles (nZVI) and clinoptilolite at
various iron/clinoptilolite ratios. The composites were characterized using various characterization
techniques. The material was used for the removal of methylene blue (MB) and methyl orange (MO) as
model cationic and anionic dyes. The experiments investigated the effects of time, loading, initial pH,
reusability, and temperature on the removal process. According to the results, Cl-nZVI showed fast and
quantitative removal over a wide range of concentrations. The removal process was endothermic in
nature, and the composite demonstrated reusability for several trials
سلطة النيابة العامة في الفصل في النزاعات خارج المحكمة: حفظ الدعوى في النظام القانوني الألماني نموجا
No full textLaw and Judiciar
Disability and change in the society : a study on the experience of a group of people with disabilities in the West Bank and Gaza in advocating disability issues through the empowerment of people with disabilities to claim their rights and entitlements project
No full textImpact of TRIPS protection of patents on the reality of patents on the reality of pharmaceutical industry in Palestine : a comparative analysis study
No full textCivil liability for uncommon nuisances of neighborhood resulting from pollution of environment in Palestine " a comparative study "
No full text
Competitiveness of the Palestinian stone and marble sector through clustering
No full textPalestine is known as “The Holy Land”. It‟s numerous features are unique and have made it a significant destination for tourists from all over the world. Palestine also has lots of natural resources especially natural stone. Working in a cluster is an efficient and effective way to enhance the competitiveness of natural stone firms. Firms in the cluster area have greater ability to access larger local markets, and they are encouraged to be more innovative because there is rivalry amongst firms in the cluster. Although firms working in the stone and marble sector in Palestine are exporting to many countries worldwide, they still tend to underperform.
A combination of quantitative and qualitative methods- mixed methodology- was used in this research. The researcher randomly selected and distributed 100 questionnaires (to the companies working in the stone and marble sector. The questionnaire was addressed to the owner/manager of the firms that were selected. The results of the research show that the Palestinian stone cluster sector is weak and the performance of stone firms working within the cluster is very low. Additionally, the results show a positive and strong relationship between working in a cluster and enhanced competitiveness achieved through this technique. Working in a cluster has been shown to promote productivity, innovation and competition in a number of ways, e.g., the reduced cost of sharing resources, the critical mass created by having a pool of specialized skills, expertise and value-added products. The cluster also enhances economic foundations such as a skilled workforce, research and development capacity and infrastructure; and thus creates assets such as trust, synergy, collaboration and cooperation, which are all essential for competitiveness and business sustainability