Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München
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The Algorithm Discount: Explaining Consumers’ Valuation of Human- versus Algorithm-Created Digital Products
Full text linkOwing to advances in generative artificial intelligence (AI), machines can now create digital products like software applications or media content, evoking calls to label such products as “AI-made.” Research on the handmade effect and algorithm aversion suggests that consumers react negatively to digital products that have been created by generative AI systems instead of humans. It is unclear why consumers show this reaction, which we refer to as “algorithm discount.” To answer this question, we conducted a mixed-methods study in the context of digital news offerings, comprising 41 qualitative interviews and a choice-based conjoint analysis with 421 respondents. The results show that consumers’ beliefs about the love and effort imbued in the product, their curiosity about algorithmically generated products, and specific product characteristics, such as the type of news article, determine the algorithm discount. These findings extend our understanding of the emergence of consumers’ aversion to algorithm-created products and offer providers of such products insight into potential countermeasures
QMamba: Quantum Selective State Space Models for Text Generation
Full text linkThis book contains the proceedings of the 17th International Conference on Agents and Artificial Intelligence. This year, ICAART is held in Porto, Portugal, on February 23-25, 2025. As usual it is sponsored by the Institute for Systems and Technologies of Information, Control and Communication (INSTICC). ICAART 2025 was also organized in cooperation with other members of our AI family. We mention the ACM Special Interest Group on Artificial Intelligence, the Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence, the Associação Portuguesa de Reconhecimento de Padrões, the Portuguese Association for Artificial Intelligence, the IberoAmerican Society of Artificial Intelligence and the European Society for Fuzzy Logic and Technology. The purpose of the International Conference on Agents and Artificial Intelligence is to bring together researchers, engineers and practitioners interested in the theory and applications in the areas of Agents and Artificial Intelligence, covering both applications and current (advanced) research work. On one side it focuses on Agents, Multi-Agent Systems and Software Platforms, and also Distributed Problem Solving. On the other side it focuses on Artificial Intelligence, Knowledge Representation, Planning, Learning, Scheduling, Perception. Applications are in both areas. They are using Natural Language Processing (NLP), Large Language Models (LLMs), Legal Technologies and Quantum Computing. In the last four years the research emphasis has shifted towards Explainable AI and Interpretable AI with a focus on trustworthiness, fairness, privacy, safety, security and ethical issues. A substantial amount of research work is ongoing in these knowledge areas, in an attempt to discover appropriate theories and paradigms for use in real-world applications. ICAART 2025 received 472 paper submissions from 53 countries of which 23.09% were accepted and published as full papers. A double-blind paper review was performed for each submission by at least 2 but usually 3 or more members of the International Program Committee, which is composed of established researchers and domain experts. The high quality of the ICAART 2025 program is enhanced by the keynote lecture delivered by distinguished speakers who are renowned experts in their fields: Inge Bryan (Chair of the Dutch Institute for Vulnerability Disclosure, Netherlands), Pavan Duggal (Advocate, Supreme Court of India, Chairman, International Commission on Cyber Security Law India, and Chief Executive, Artificial Intelligence Law Hub, India) and Paul Nemitz (Principal Adviser European Commission, Belgium). The conference is complemented by one workshop, two special sessions and one tutorial. They are: a Workshop on Quantum Artificial Intelligence and Optimization, chaired by Michael Kölle, a Special Session on Interpretable Artificial Intelligence Through Glass-Box Models, chaired by Mattias Wahde and a Special Session on Emotions and Affective Agents, chaired by Joaquin Taverner and Emilio Vivancos. Furthermore, a Tutorial on Self-Governing Systems will be given by Jeremy Pitt and Asimina Mertzani. All presented papers will be available at the SCITEPRESS Digital Library and will be submitted for evaluation for indexing by SCOPUS, Google Scholar, The DBLP Computer Science Bibliography, Semantic Scholar, Engineering Index and Web of Science / Conference Proceedings Citation Index. As recognition for the best contributions, several awards based on the combined marks of paper reviewing, as assessed by the Program Committee, and the quality of the presentation, as assessed by session chairs at the conference venue, are conferred at the closing session of the conference. Authors of selected papers will be invited to submit extended versions for inclusion in a forthcoming book of ICAART Selected Papers to be published by Springer, as part of the LNAI Series. Some papers will also be selected for publication of extended and revised versions in the special issue of the Springer Nature Computer Science Journal. The program for this conference required the dedicated effort of many people. Firstly, we must thank the authors, whose research efforts are herewith recorded. Next, we thank the members of the Program Committee and the auxiliary reviewers for their diligent and professional reviewing. We would also like to deeply thank the invited speakers for their invaluable contribution and for taking the time to prepare their talks. Finally, a word of appreciation for the hard work of the INSTICC team; organizing a conference of this level is a task that can only be achieved by the collaborative effort of a dedicated and highly competent team. We wish you all an exciting and inspiring conference. We hope to have contributed to the development of our research community, and we look forward to having additional research results presented at the next edition of ICAART, details of which are available at https://icaart.scitevents.org
UK journalists in the 2020s
No full textThis report is based on a survey conducted in late 2023 with a representative sample of 1,130 UK journalists, a follow-up to a similar survey in 2015. The survey was part of the third wave of the Worlds of Journalism Study project. The survey covered the personal characteristics of UK journalists and their employment conditions, technology use, and experiences of safety threats. It asked how journalists perceive press freedom in the UK and the influences on their work. Journalists’ perceptions about their mental, emotional, and physical well-being; editorial autonomy; and roles in society were also gathered. Moreover, questions on UK journalists’ epistemological and ethical beliefs and their acceptance of questionable reporting practices were included. The results show increasing employment precarity, lingering inequalities between specific groups in terms of pay and seniority, the continued adoption of new technologies that bring benefits but also exacerbate risks, and changing conceptions of roles and ethics
DeutschGPT
Full text linkGroße generative Sprachmodelle (LLMs) haben die Exotik der Anfangstage verloren. Sie sind längst Alltag geworden, auch im Lehren und Lernen. In dieser neuen Phase des sprach- und literaturdidaktischen Umgangs mit ChatGPT & Co. muss sich der Deutschunterricht in Theorie und Praxis neuen Fragen stellen: Wie funktioniert KI und was ist von dieser Technik in Zukunft noch zu erwarten? Wie wirkt sich die Verwendung von KI auf den sprachlichen Kompetenzerwerb aus? Wie gehen Schüler:innen mit digitalen Textgeneratoren um und welche Konsequenzen hat das für ihre Bildungsgeschichte? Wie lässt sich KI sinnvoll in den Deutschunterricht integrieren? Wo liegen Risiken, wo Chancen für die Gestaltung der Schule von morgen? Diesen und anderen Fragen gehen die Beiträge des Bandes nach. Sie präsentieren zudem eine Auswahl aktueller Forschungsprojekte rund um den Einsatz von KI im Deutschunterricht. Der Band bildet somit den gegenwärtigen Forschungsstand zum Thema Deutschunterricht und KI in seiner ganzen Breite ab
Quantitative analysis of everyday temporality: A practice-based approach to understanding energy peak (in)flexibility
No full textUnderstanding the temporality of everyday practices—the root of peak energy demand—has been recognized as an essential but overlooked step in the quest to mitigate energy peaks. To address this gap, this study uses a practice-based approach to quantitatively assess how the temporalities of people's everyday practices contribute to their (in)flexibility to shift energy-intensive practices outside of energy peaks and, by extension, engage in peak-shaving demand-side response measures. Applying a novel combination of sequence analysis, cluster analysis, and an inflexibility index to American Time Use Survey data, we distinguish between time-flexible and time-inflexible groups and identify institutional and family rhythms as key causes of inflexibility. Groups tied to complex schedules arising from institutional and/or domestic pacers are found to be under higher time constraints, having little or no flexibility to adjust the timing of their activities. To cater for this lack of flexibility, we argue for targeted, and temporality-sensitive demand-side response and invisible peak-shaving measures like flexible working hour as better alternatives for achieving more effective and equitable energy peak shaving
A microstructural material model for adipose tissue under blunt impact considering different types of loading
No full textModeling of subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) plays an important role in forensic biomechanics as blunt force trauma represents one of the most common types of injury. To better understand the involved injury mechanisms, a material model is needed that can (i) represent realistic behavior for combined loading scenarios and (ii) consider the microstructure of the SAT. Therefore, a SAT model was developed that consists of two parts for the strain–energy function – a neo-Hookean part representing the adipocytes and a part representing the surrounding reinforced basement membrane, which is modeled via three circular fiber families oriented in the three main planes, resulting in isotropic model behavior. To verify the performance of the model, the analytical and numerical model solution were compared with experimental data under biaxial tension at different stretch ratios (1:1, 1:0.5, 0.5:1) and under simple shear using an objective evaluation method. The material parameters were evaluated by fitting to the data under equibiaxial tension. For the numerical analysis, the model was implemented as a user-defined material in LS-DYNA to simulate the respective experimental setups. The analytical fitting of the model was robust. Using the resulting material parameters, both the analytical and numerical simulation results were able to represent the experimental data under biaxial tension as well as under simple shear quite well. Since the fitting was only performed with data under equibiaxial tension, these findings suggest that the model assumptions are reasonable. Therefore, the model could help to further investigate the injury mechanisms in blunt impacts