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Evaluating critical success factors in AI-driven drug discovery using AHP: a strategic framework for optimization
Get PDFArtificial Intelligence (AI) is reshaping drug discovery by accelerating the identification of therapeutic candidates and reducing development timelines and costs. However, its effectiveness depends on addressing key success factors that influence AI integration. This study presents a novel framework using the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) to systematically evaluate and rank these factors, addressing a crucial gap in strategic planning for AI adoption in pharmaceutical research. The framework comprises six key criteria: Data Quality and Management (DQM), Algorithm Performance and Optimization (APO), Interpretability and Explainability (IE), Regulatory Compliance and Ethical Considerations (RCEC), Computational Efficiency and Scalability (CES), and Validation and Experimental Confirmation (VEC). Expert-driven pairwise comparisons identified Accuracy (ACC), Generalizability (GEN), and Experimental Validation (EV) as top priorities, highlighting the importance of reliable data, robust algorithms, and rigorous validation processes to ensure trustworthy AI outputs. This research contributes to strategic AI adoption by addressing data inconsistencies, algorithmic bias, and scalability limitations. The proposed framework enhances AI applications' efficiency, scalability, and ethical alignment, promoting the development of transparent and reliable drug discovery systems. This comprehensive evaluation is a valuable resource for researchers and industry professionals, facilitating the strategic adoption of AI and bridging the gap between computational predictions and real-world therapeutic outcomes
Poor sleep quality, employment status, and female gender as risk factors for overweight and obesity among Malaysian adults
No full textBackground and Objective The increasing prevalence of overweight and obesity among Malaysian adults necessitates a study to identify contributing factors. This study aims to determine the prevalence of overweight and obesity among Malaysian adults and identify associated sociodemographic and lifestyle factors. Methods A cross-sectional study involving 308 Malaysian adults aged 18 to 67 years was conducted via online platforms. Data were collected using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, along with sociodemographic information and self-reported body mass index. All statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 28. Results The prevalence of overweight among the participants was 38%, while 26.9% were classified as obese. Full-time employment status (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 2.308; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.035–3.760; p=0.004) and poor sleep quality (aOR, 1.839; 95% CI, 1.078– 3.138; p=0.025) were significantly associated with an increased risk of being overweight or obese. Conversely, men were found to have lower odds of being overweight or obese (aOR, 0.383; 95% CI, 0.215–0.684; p<0.001). Conclusions The study highlights the alarming prevalence of overweight and obesity among Malaysian adults. Factors associated with an increased risk of these conditions include full-time employment status, poor sleep quality, and female gender. These findings emphasize the need for targeted interventions tailored to specific at-risk groups, such as full-time employees and women, as well as those experiencing poor sleep quality. Interventions to promote healthy sleeping practices should also be taken into consideration to address the growing prevalence of overweight and obesity
Computed tomography-based analysis of foramen magnum and occipital condyles in adult Nigerians: an anatomical study
No full textSUMMARY: Precise identification of craniometric points is pivotal in forensic and anthropological research for reliable and accurate gender determination. The foramen magnum and occipital condyles' morphology offers valuable data for this purpose. The study aimed to determine variations in the morphology of the foramen magnum and occipital condyles among a population of 100 individuals, using advanced Computed Tomography (CT) scan technology. We assessed a prospective cohort of 100 individuals who underwent cranial CT scans. The study focused on the morphological variations of the foramen magnum and occipital condyles, recording shapes such as oval, round, egg, tetragon, pentagon, hexagon, and irregular for the foramen magnum, and kidney-type, oval, S-like, 8-like, ring-like, and triangular for the occipital condyles. Notably, males demonstrated higher measurement values for most parameters, with the exception of the width of the occipital condyle, where females presented larger dimensions. Furthermore, a strong positive correlation was observed between the measurements of the foramen magnum (length and width) and specific parameters of the occipital condyles. The study underscores the utility of foramen magnum dimensions, especially length, as a determinant in gender identification, with a success rate of 68 % in the studied population. This research enhances our understanding of cranial morphology and its applications in forensic and anthropological investigations
FSTM UPM perkasa kesedaran sekuriti makanan melalui Open Day @FoodTech 2025
Get PDFSERDANG, 15 Oktober – Fakulti Sains dan Teknologi Makanan (FSTM), Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM) memperkukuh peranannya dalam mempertingkat kesedaran awam terhadap kepentingan sekuriti makanan melalui penganjuran Open Day @FoodTech UPM 2025 yang bertemakan “Transforming Our Plates, Strengthening Food Security.
A review of major flood events in Malaysia between 1970-2024
Get PDFThis study compiles comprehensive data on significant flooding incidents throughout the historical narrative of Malaysia and presents the official estimates of flood-related losses for the chosen major flood occurrences spanning from 1970 to 2024. Additionally, it offers details regarding the underlying factors and consequences of floods, as well as an explanation of the flood prevention strategies implemented in this area. In addition, it provides information on the distribution of financial resources for flood mitigation initiatives by the Malaysian government as part of the Malaysia Plan (1971 to 2020). Past flood experiences have shown that a significant danger leading to potential loss of life or severe harm to individuals arises from the scale and strength of the floods, encompassing factors such as water levels, flow rates, and the speed at which the flood occurs. Intense floods characterised by elevated water levels and sudden occurrence, such as flash floods, have the potential to overwhelm flood defences and escape routes, hence increasing the risk of drowning and injuries. Nevertheless, it is recommended that Integrated Smart Alarm System will be deployed in flood-prone regions to decrease fatalities
Acoustic characteristics of bamboo-based guitar – a case study
Get PDFBamboo is a fast-growing plant easily obtained in Malaysia. It is commonly used for constructing various solid structures including the guitar. Its unique sound quality makes it different from the traditional wooden guitar. The Yamaha guitar sound was used as reference for the generally preferred guitar characteristics. This work focused on the acoustic characteristics easily obtained using the frequency spectrum analysis via a PicoScope oscilloscope and spectrogram using Adobe Audition. A microphone was used for recording the string sound and yielding the frequency response function. The Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) spectra showed that the Yamaha guitar had less partials compared to the bamboo guitar, except string 4. Strings 1, 2, and 3 showed a regular signal from the Yamaha guitar whereas the bamboo guitar showed an irregular pattern with significant overtone. The intensity of the partials in the bamboo guitar displayed a recognizable pattern, i.e., a reduction of partial intensity amplitude proportional to increasing frequency in strings 4, 5, and 6. Some random partials appeared between the harmonics in string 1, 2, and 3 from bamboo guitar whereas the absence of partials in the Yamaha guitar could be due to the higher radiation coefficient of wood, which displays a different timbre
Evaluation of copper and zinc concentrations in dried fruits collected from marketplaces of Peninsular Malaysia: health risk assessment, food security implications, and the necessity for regular monitoring
Get PDFThis study investigates the concentrations of Copper (Cu) and Zinc (Zn) in five types of dried fruits (raisins, kiwis, dates, figs, and apricots) collected from marketplaces in Peninsular Malaysia, while assessing their potential health risks based on the maximum permissible limits (MPLs) set by Malaysian Food Regulations (1985). After converting from the dry weight basis, the results show that figs exhibited the highest levels of Cu (9 mg/kg wet weight) and Zn (9.95 mg/kg wet weight), while kiwis had the lowest concentrations for both metals. Estimated daily intake (EDI) and target hazard quotient (THQ) values were calculated for each metal, revealing low health risks, with THQs for all fruits remaining below 1. Figs had the highest THQs for Cu (0.61) and Zn (0.08), suggesting moderate caution in frequent consumption. The study also emphasizes the importance of regularly monitoring metal concentrations in dried fruits, improved agricultural and post-harvest practices, and the need for clear labelling to inform consumers about potential metal content. These findings provide critical insights into ensuring food safety, reducing metal exposure, and promoting dietary diversity for better public health outcomes
Majlis Sambutan Mega Raya Aidilfitri UPM 2025 meriah, eratkan perpaduan warga kampus
Get PDFSERDANG, 24 April – Majlis Sambutan Mega Raya Aidilfitri 2025 anjuran Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM) berlangsung meriah di seluruh kampus, menjadi medan memperkukuh silaturahim dan perpaduan dalam kalangan warganya hari ini