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Production and acceptance of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)-kimchi using Tetragenococcus halophilus and monosodium glutamate (penghasilan dan penerimaan kimchi yang mengandungi asid gamma-aminobutirik (GABA) menggunakan Tetragenococcus halophilus dan monosodium glutamat0)
No full textThe addition of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) to fermented foods has been progressively expanded to produce ‘Superfood’. In this study, Tetragenococcushalophiluswas extracted from soy sauce moromifrom local factory and evaluated for its potential of Gamma-Aminobutyric Acid (GABA) production in kimchi fermentation. There were four different formulations that were fermented for 20 days. Kimchi fermentation was performed on kimchi added with Monosodium Glutamate (MSG) (T1), kimchi inoculated with T. halophilus (T2), kimchi with combined MSG and T. halophilus (T3), and plain kimchi with no additional starter as a control (C), respectively. A spectral HPLC analysis confirmed that the control sample (C) obtained the highest GABA with 10.90 mg/L followed by T2 with 6.02 mg/L, T1 with 5.72 mg/L, and the lowest content of GABA is produced by T3 with 3.74 mg/L. Sensory analysis was performed by a total of 50 panellists examined the colour, flavour, texture, taste, and overall acceptance of kimchi samples. Kimchi with MSG (T1) received the highest scores for overall acceptance including flavour and taste. This study demonstrated the development of GABA-kimchi using T. halophilus and MSG as future food comprising substantial nutritional profile and improved sensory characteristics
Performance of recycling aggregate self-compacting concrete incorporating supplementary cementitious materials: an overview
No full textSince the construction industry expands, the demand for environmentally friendly construction approaches becomes more urgent to preserve the environment and limited natural resource reserves. In the context of current concrete manufacturing, one of the primary issues with self-compacting concrete is its high cement requirement. Recent studies estimate that cement manufacturing contributes to at least 8% of worldwide carbon dioxide (CO₂) emissions. Using supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs), including silica fume (SF), ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBS), fly ash (FA) and metakaolin (MK), is an alternate approach to reduce CO₂ emissions associated with concrete production. Cementitious and pozzolanic materials have been widely employed as SCMs to partially replace cement as a binding agent in concrete. Recycling accumulated construction waste, such as concrete aggregate, is a promising approach to reduce the adverse environmental impact and meet the growing global demand for raw resources. However, unlike natural aggregate (NA), recycled concrete aggregate (RCA) does not exhibit appropriate structural performance due to its inferior material qualities. This article intends to provide a review of the recent research on SCM in producing recycled concrete aggregate self-compacting concrete (RCA-SCC) with respect to its fresh and mechanical properties. Incorporating SCMs like FA, GGBS, and SF in RCA-SCC enhances workability. Ternary mixes, especially with FA and GGBS, demonstrate improved sustainability and workability compared to binary mixes. Using SCMs is suggested to improve the quality of RCA and the interfacial transition zones (ITZ), potentially enhancing mechanical properties
Public acceptance on nanotechnology in edible food material: an empirical study from China
No full textNanotechnology in Edible Food Materials (NEFM) raises health concerns and public skepticism, necessitating enhanced regulatory scrutiny and public acceptance strategies. This study delves into the key factors influencing public acceptance of NEFM in China, offering vital insights for strategic policy development to promote NEFM integration. Utilizing Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM), the study analyzed 275 validated responses from Chinese citizens. It reveals that epistemic trust, social trust, and self-efficacy play crucial roles in shaping public attitudes towards NEFM, each through distinct mechanisms. A notable finding is the inverse relationship between epistemic trust and NEFM acceptance, mediated by perceived risks and benefits. This highlights the intricate balance required to address potential negative consequences and uncertainties of NEFM. Public trust in governmental bodies emerges as a significant determinant of NEFM approval, affecting both risk and benefit perceptions, in contrast to the negligible impact of trust in commercial entities. This study also underscores the positive correlation between perceived benefits and NEFM acceptance, suggesting the importance of highlighting tangible NEFM benefits in consumer education and public outreach programs. The study contributes to the theoretical framework by integrating insights from the Social Cognitive Theory and the Theory of Planned Behavior. It provides a comprehensive understanding of factors fostering public acceptance of NEFM, vital for policymakers and stakeholders in developing strategies that enhance public perception and acceptance, thereby fostering the growth and advancement of NEFM in China and beyond
UPM anjur ICAN 2025, raikan sumbangan industri, komuniti dan warga kampus
No full textPUTRAJAYA, 29 Sept – Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM) menganjurkan Majlis Apresiasi Industri dan Komuniti (ICAN 2025) sebagai pengiktirafan kepada sumbangan rakan industri, komuniti serta warga kampus sepanjang tahun 2023 dan 2024
Nutrient and anti-nutrient compositions in different plant fractions of Cajanus cajan forage from Malaysia and Indonesia
No full textCajanus cajan is predominantly farmed as a grain crop, and its seeds are utilized for human food. The foliage can be gathered and fed to livestock, both fresh and preserved. C. cajan fodder is an important forage due to its high output potential and excellent feed quality. Although Malaysia and Indonesia are both in Southeast Asia with tropical temperatures, environmental differences such as soil fertility, humidity, and rainfall can all have an impact on C. cajan plant growth. This study aimed to determine and compare the plant height, yield, and nutritional and anti-nutritional compositions of different plant fractions of C. cajan forage from Malaysia and Indonesia. C. cajan was planted in two distinct locations in Malaysia and Indonesia, with samples taken from randomly selected plants. Harvesting was conducted 12 weeks after planting. An independent t-test was performed on the data for plant height and total dry matter (DM) production. Proximate analyses of the anti-nutritional and Ca and P contents of different parts of C. cajan forage were carried out through ANOVA. Results indicate that plants cultivated in Malaysia are higher (P<0.05), with higher stem and leaf values, resulting in a greater overall yield compared to plants in Indonesia. Additionally, C. cajan grown in Malaysia exhibited higher nutritional contents of neutral detergent fiber, acid detergent fiber, and acid detergent lignin than those grown in Indonesia (P<0.05). The anti-nutritional values of C. cajan grown in Malaysia were higher in phenol, condensed tannin, and flavonoids. In conclusion, the study shows that C. cajan grown in Malaysia has superior growth, yield, and certain nutritional and anti-nutritional contents compared to that grown in Indonesia. These findings suggest the potential for optimizing C. cajan cultivation practices in Malaysia to maximize forage yield and quality
Integrating design expert insights for achieving market success in new product development
No full textIn the competitive landscape of product development, innovation plays a crucial role in creating value and addressing evolving market demands. This study explores the integration of user experience (UX) and knowledge into the product development process, emphasizing their impact on product marketability and success. Drawing on insights from design experts with substantial experience in New Product Development (NPD), the study highlights how understanding user needs, preferences, and experiences informs the creation of market-driven products. By incorporating cognitive, ergonomic factors, and product quality characteristics, designers can enhance product aesthetics and functionality to create a quality product, ultimately increasing purchasing decision. The findings suggest that the collaboration of design experts in the early stages of product development significantly influences product characteristics and improves decision-making. This research demonstrates that leveraging expert knowledge and UX not only drives innovation but also increases the likelihood of creating products that resonate with users and achieve marketability and success
Agricultural waste byproduct utilization: date pit powder 1H NMR metabolite identification for goat (Capra hircus) milk pathway analysis
No full textAgricultural waste byproducts (Date pits), are discarded in tons yearly and possess several nutritional advantages. Researches indicated that goat milk holds equivalent or superior potential than cow milk. Pathway analyses aid in uncovering biological mechanisms embedded within the dataset. This study concentrated on date pit powder (DPP) as a potential supplement for dairy goats to enhance milk quality, emphasizing on the route analyses. 1H NMR analyses on DPP extracts was executed followed by chemometrics. Dairy goats were categorized into six groups (n = 4 / group): control, 10 g and 20 g for both Ajwa DPP (high quality) and Mariami DPP, and an additional 30 g for Mariami DPP exclusively. DPP supplementation was administered daily throughout a three-month duration. The goat milk was subsequently subjected to 1H NMR studies, followed by chemometrics (PCA and PLS). Milk metabolites were subsequently analyzed using MetaboAnalyst software, with visualizations shown as heatmaps and pathway analyses. The 1H NMR data of DPP samples from TCA and PB extracts (non-polar) successfully eliminated most metabolites in comparison to the aqueous ACN and MeOH extracts (polar). Following which, Ajwa and Mariami DPP exhibited nearly identical concentrations of the chemicals α-Glucose and flavanone, resulting in PCA clustering. The heatmap revealed varying milk metabolite concentrations, reflecting the animals' condition at months 1 and 3 due to DPP treatment. Six significant metabolic pathways (p < 0.05), with alanine, aspartate, and glutamate metabolism exhibiting the lowest p-value. DPP, an agricultural waste byproduct, is a viable alternative nutritional supplement at enhancing milk quality, as evaluated by metabolic pathways, in addition to reports of increased milk yield in other studies. This indirectly is in line with the sustainable development goals (SDG) in particular targeting on zero hunger; and good health and well-being
Gene expression of transcripts encoding putative secreted proteins from an oil palm fungal pathogen Ganoderma boninense
No full textGanoderma boninense is a white rot fungus which causes basal stem rot (BSR) disease in oil palm and economic loss to the oil palm industry in Southeast Asia. The existing solutions for the disease are ineffective and the genetic determinants responsible for the disease occurrence are understudied. This study reported the characterisation of four transcript sequences encoding metalloproteinase (U14090), aspartic protease (U42611), lipase (U56931), and polysaccharide deacetylase (U128397) from G. boninense. The candidate transcripts were cloned and confirmed by sequencing. The gene expression of U56931 was up-regulated in mycelial cultures at 21- and 28-days after inoculation (dai) whereas the expression of U42611 was down-regulated in mycelial cultures at 28-dai, in comparison to that at 7-dai. Salicylic acid which is involved in plant biotic stress response was shown to be able to down-regulate the gene expression of U56931. The gene expression of U14090 was up-regulated in G. boninense in contact with oil palm roots for 24- and 48-h post inoculation (hpi) compared to that in the uninoculated control. The findings of this study may facilitate the design of future functional studies and help to prioritise candidate fungal genes for gene editing
Nistasa, pelajar orang asli tekad ubah nasib keluarga melalui pendidikan
No full textSERDANG, 6 Okt - Berlatarbelakangkan keluarga berpendapatan sederhana, Nistasa Yuyana a/p Nazli, 20, tekad mengubah nasib keluarganya melalui pendidikan
Factors influence the acceptance of smart farming technologies (SFTs) among youth in higher learning education in Malaysia.
No full textSmart farming, a modern approach that integrates technology and innovation into agricultural practices, presents a compelling opportunity to attract young people to the agricultural sector. This approach has the potential to transform youth perceptions of agriculture, shifting it from a perceived outdated and unappealing career path to a viable and profitable option. Therefore, this research aims to determine the factors influencing the acceptability of Smart Farming Technologies (SFTs) among youth in selected public universities. The data were collected using a simple random sampling technique. The respondents involved in this study were undergraduate agriculture students (from second year and above) who studied at the UPM, UMK, UMT, UMS, and UiTM (Jasin). A total of 395 respondents were employed from the total population 2963 using the Raosoft Calculator. Data collection was conducted through Google Forms and has been analysed using SPSS version 27. Findings indicate that all factors exhibited strong positive correlations (>0.6) with the adoption of SFTs among youth. Attitude emerged as the most influential factor, followed by knowledge and awareness, demonstrating the highest standardized coefficient (0.406) and t-value (7.034). These results suggest that a positive attitude towards SFTs is a critical factor in influencing their acceptance among young people. This study emphasizes the crucial role of knowledge, attitude, and awareness in both promoting SFTs among youth and empowering them to facilitate the adoption of agricultural technology