103790 research outputs found
Sort by
Physiological responses, growth, and yield of soybean (Glycine max L.) between rows of IP-1 oil palm in response to Rhizobium sp. and Bacillus spp. inoculation
Full text linkThe Indonesian population has not yet met the high demand for soybeans by domestic production. Researchers aim to increase soybean (Glycine max L.) production and optimize land use through intercropping with oil palm during the immature plant phase 1 (IP-1). This study evaluated the effectiveness of Rhizobium sp. and Bacillus spp. inoculation in enhancing the growth and yield capacity (physiological activity, growth, and productivity) of soybeans planted between rows of IP-1 oil palms at PT Perkebunan Nusantara (PTPN) IV, Serdang Bedagai Regency, North Sumatera. The field study employed a factorial randomized complete block design (RCBD) with two factors and four blocks as replicates. Data from the experiments were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA), least significant difference (LSD) testing at a 5% significance level, Spearman correlation, and structural equation modeling (SEM). The results showed an interaction effect between Rhizobium sp. and Bacillus spp. inoculation on the treatment variables of plant height, number of leaves, total dry weight, nutrient uptake (N, P, and K), IAA and GA3 hormones, total Bacillus in soil, total Bacillus in roots, pod dry weight, and yield. In treatment without Rhizobium sp., soybean plants inoculated with Bacillus spp. showed a significant contribution to all treatment variables. However, in soybean plants inoculated with Rhizobium sp., the addition of Bacillus spp. did not significantly affect the physiological activity, growth, and yield of soybeans. The performance of Bacillus spp. in boosting the physiological capacity and development of soybeans slowed down in the presence of Rhizobium sp. This indicated a potential antagonistic relationship between Bacillus spp. and Rhizobium sp
Culturable waterborne bacteria from mangrove forests and their decolorization potential
Full text linkMangrove forests are ecosystems with highly diverse microorganisms. We aimed to obtain bacterial isolates from mangrove water forests and determine their bacterial diversity and potential for decoloring dye waste. Bacteria were isolated from three sites in the Belawan mangrove forest of North Sumatra. Bacteria were isolated on nutrient agar media. Twenty-nine bacterial strains were isolated, purified, and molecularly identified at the species level. The isolates belonged to 8 genera consisting of 15 species: Aeromonas caviae, Aeromonas salmonicida, Bacillus anthracis, Bacillus cereus, Bacillus mycoides, Enterobacter cloacae, Enterobacter kobei, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Myroides profundi, Providencia huaxiensis, Pseudomonas balearica, Pseudomonas hydrolytica, Pseudomonas khazarica, Shigella flexneri, and Shigella sonnei. Decolorization activity screening was performed in a solid mineral salt medium (MSM) containing 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100% dye waste. Based on colony diameter, the following five out of twenty-nine isolates showed a higher growth response: S. flexneri, B. cereus, A. salmonicida, K. pneumoniae, and E. cloacae. The waste decolorization ability of these five species was quantitatively determined in liquid MSM containing 50% dye waste. All isolates decolorized >15% dye after 15 days, and A. salmonicida and E. cloacae exhibited relatively better decolorization activity than that of the other three strains
Captive breeding practices and insights on four indigenous Betta species of Sarawak
Full text linkSarawak, located on the island of Borneo, is home to several indigenous Betta species, many of which face threats from habitat degradation. Despite their ecological and ornamental significance, limited information exists on their captive breeding potential. This study investigated the reproductive behavior and larval development of four native Betta species (Betta brownorum, Betta ibanorum, Betta macrostoma, and Betta taeniata) under controlled conditions. A total of 46 wild specimens were collected from four locations across Sarawak and subjected to species-specific breeding trials in aquaria. B. brownorum, a bubble-nester, exhibited nest-building and egg deposition behavior, with hatching observed within 3–4 days. In contrast, the three mouthbrooding species exhibited paternal incubation, which lasted 3–4 weeks. Larval development was monitored over time, showing steady increases in total length and distinct developmental stages were documented. These findings confirm the feasibility of captive breeding in all four species and highlight differences in reproductive strategy and larval growth patterns. The outcomes provide valuable baseline data for conservation planning and the development of ex-situ breeding programs for Sarawak's threatened Betta species
Analysis of Stirling engine’s performance in recovering waste heat from wood pellet, coconut husk and bagasse
Full text linkIn recent years, industrial boilers that generate power from biomass have drawn a lot of attention. Nevertheless, a sizable portion of thermal energy is frequently lost to the environment as flue gas throughout the process. Stirling engine: a very efficient external combustion engine and little emissions as compared to other available engines, would be a good solution to overcome this issue as it can be used with any type of heat source. When the Stirling engine is connected to a heat source with a lower temperature, it exhibits a significant reduction in performance. Consequently, in this study a computational fluid dynamic (CFD) simulation model of Stirling engine was introduced in order to evaluate the possibility of recovering low temperature waste heat from biomass combustion. It has been shown to be effective in delivering useful, comprehensive information for further improvement of the engine. Then further parametric analysis will be investigated to enhance the engine’s performance. The investigation involving waste heat from wood pellets, coconut husk and bagasse as heat source then demonstrates the engine’s ability to recover and utilize heat as low as 70°C and generate power output ranging from 30 to 40 W and thermal efficiency of around 14%. Parametric analysis using different regenerator porosities, engine speeds and working fluid gases were also carried out to determine the optimal Stirling engine’s performance. The results demonstrate optimum performance at 0.85-0.9 of porosity and engine speed of 700 rpm and above. Overall, the results showed promising outcomes of Stirling engine to recover low temperature heat from biomass
Pengundi Sabah mencari arah dan kuasa acuan sendiri
Full text linkDiscussion on possible trend in voting among the peoples of Sabah in the coming 17th state general elections
Academics pan MP’s ‘half-baked’ idea of Mitra-like unit for Dayaks
Full text linkAcademics, Jayum Jawan & Madeline Berma commented on suggestiuon of having MITRA-liked unit for the Dayaks in Sarawak.
Two Dayak academics have shot down a Gabungan Parti Sarawak MP’s proposal for the
government to set up an agency like the Malaysian Indian Transformation Unit (Mitra) to
uplift the Dayak community.
Political analyst Jayum Jawan of the Academy of Sciences Malaysia described the
proposal floated by Selangau MP Edwin Banta as “a half-baked idea” that was
unnecessary.
He said that unlike the Indian community, the Dayak community had strong representation
in both the Sarawak state assembly and in Parliament, Borneo Post reported.
He also said the Dayaks had posts in the federal and state Cabinets, with one of them –
Douglas Uggah Embas – also serving as a deputy premier of Sarawak.
“What they need is unity and a consolidated front to address their challenges.
1/2
“The Dayaks’ lack of progress is largely due to the mediocrity of their own lawmakers in
introducing workable solutions to key issues.
“The issue is not marginalisation but underperformance,” he was quoted as saying.
Economist Madeline Berma, a senior fellow at Institut Masa Depan Malaysia, cast doubt
on whether such a unit could tackle the root causes of Dayak underemployment.
Berma said it would only add another layer of bureaucracy.
She said the government should focus instead on bolstering governance to ensure the
relevant ministries can effectively deliver on existing programmes and initiatives.
“Rather than creating more institutions, the priority should be improving governance – that
is, ensuring accountability, transparency and efficiency in resource management and
decision-making,” she said.
Debating the 2026 budget in the Dewan Rakyat, Edwin had proposed that an agency like
Mitra be set up to coordinate socio-economic programmes for the Dayak community
Pendidikan tinggi penting walaupun bergelar atlet elit – Nurul Ain Fitri
Full text linkSERDANG, 4 Oktober – “Pendidikan tinggi tetap menjadi keutamaan walaupun anda seorang atlet elit,” kata Atlet Memanah Kebangsaan, Nurul Ain Fitri Ramli, 20, yang kini melanjutkan pengajian dalam Bacelor Kejuruteraan Awam dengan Kepujian di Fakulti Kejuruteraan, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM)
TPM cadang FBMK UPM jadi makmal naratif negara
Full text linkSERDANG, 4 Oktober – Timbalan Perdana Menteri, Dato' Seri Dr. Ahmad Zahid Hamidi, mencadangkan Fakulti Bahasa Moden dan Komunikasi (FBMK), Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM) dijadikan makmal naratif negara yang dapat memperkukuh wacana kebangsaan melalui kepakaran komunikasi, bahasa dan penyelidikan
Startup Innohub UPM rangkul dua anugerah utama di NICE 2025
Full text linkKUALA LUMPUR, 8 Oktober – Syarikat pemula (startup) di bawah program InnoHub Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), Lipidware Sdn. Bhd., yang mengkomersialkan jenama REMDII, telah merangkul dua anugerah utama sempena National Innovation and Commercialisation Expo (NICE) 2025 yang berlangsung di World Trade Centre Kuala Lumpur (WTCKL), kelmarin
Origin-transfer geometric constraint pursuit game modelled by infinite system of dyadic differential equations
Full text linkThis paper investigates a zero-sum two-person pursuit differential game modelled by an infinite system of dyadic differential equations. The two players in the game are a pursuing player and an evading player; their control functions adhere to geometric constraints, and the control resources available to the pursuing player is more than those of the evading player. The pursuing player is intent on driving the system’s state from the initial state ξ0 to ℓ2 space origin in a finite period of time while the evading player is counteracting this. For the control problem, we design an admissible control that can steer the system’s state to the origin and for the differential game problem, we develop an admissible strategy for the pursuing player that helps realize the objective and the guaranteed pursuit time equation. An illustrative example to show how our results can be applied to determine pursuit completion and compute guaranteed pursuit time in our differential game model is provided