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Germany : Supportive in Times of Crisis
No full textThe chapter explores how Germany engages with its nationals abroad, covering the diplomatic/consular, economic/social and military dimensions. As of 2020, around 2.9 million Germans permanently lived outside Germany, mostly in other European countries and North America, and approximately 24 million Germans went abroad for their main holidays in 2021. The chapter finds that Germany’s activities towards these German nationals residing or travelling abroad is relatively limited overall, with a focus on supporting and assisting German citizens. There is only little evidence for policies to co-opt Germans abroad, for example in the context of return schemes for highly-skilled German citizens, and no indication for repression at all, as befits a liberal democracy. While Germany’s engagement is typically of low domestic salience, Germany can mobilize significant resources to support its nationals abroad at times of crisis (e.g., natural disasters or hostage situations), in particular through its global diplomatic network. Germany has also used its armed forces for military evacuations from conflict zones, often in close coordination with its European and transatlantic partners. Germany can thus be described as a capable protector that is, however, reluctant to engage with its national communities abroad on a more comprehensive and proactive basis
Grief-Specific Cognitive Behavioral Therapy vs Present-Centered Therapy : A Randomized Clinical Trial
No full textImportance
Prolonged grief disorder (PGD) is included as a new diagnosis in international classification systems. Treatments following a cognitive behavioral model are most effective, but comparisons with active control treatments are scarce.
Objective
To examine whether integrative cognitive behavioral therapy for prolonged grief (PG-CBT) is superior to present-centered therapy (PCT).
Design, Setting, and Participants
This was a rater-blinded, multicenter, randomized clinical trial (stratified by center and relationship to the deceased) with enrollment from April 2017 to May 2022. The setting included 4 university outpatient clinics in Germany. Eligible participants were aged 18 to 75 years and had PGD based on the Prolonged Grief Disorder 13 (PG-13) interview. Participants were randomized 1:1 to PG-CBT and PCT.
Interventions
PG-CBT focused on the exposure to the worst moment of the loss and cognitive restructuring of grief-related cognitions in combination with solution-focused and experiential methods (eg, walk to the grave exercise). PCT was adapted in session length and number to PG-CBT and focused on a supportive relationship and coping with daily problems that may have arisen from the loss or grief symptoms.
Main Outcomes and Measures
All outcomes were assessed at baseline, after treatment, and 12 months after randomization at follow-up. The primary outcome was a blinded assessment of the PG-13 severity score at follow-up. Secondary outcomes were self-reported depressive, somatic, and overall psychopathological symptoms.
Results
Of 544 treatment-seeking individuals experiencing bereavement, 212 eligible participants (mean [SD] age, 51.8 [13.3] years; 173 female [82%]) with PGD based on the PG-13 interview were randomized to PG-CBT and PCT (n = 106 in each condition). In the intention-to-treat analysis, both treatments yielded high reductions in PGD severity at follow-up (PG-CBT: Cohen d = 1.64; 95% CI, 1.31-1.97; PCT: Cohen d = 1.38; 95% CI, 1.09-1.66). After treatment, participants receiving PG-CBT demonstrated significantly greater reductions in PGD severity than those receiving PCT (Cohen d = 0.31; 95% CI, 0.03-0.57). At follow-up, this effect was only visible on a trend level (Cohen d = 0.28; 95% CI, −0.02 to 0.57), whereas participants in the PG-CBT group had significantly less depressive and general psychopathological symptoms. Twenty-three participants (20%) discontinued PG-CBT treatment, and 17 participants (16%) discontinued PCT.
Conclusion and Relevance
This randomized clinical trial demonstrates that PG-CBT was superior to PCT after treatment and at follow-up with regard to comorbid symptoms. Both treatments were shown to be effective and acceptable, showing the potential for dissemination and increasing patient choice.
Trial registration
German Clinical Trials Register (DRKS) identifier: DRKS0001231
"Nicht ohne die Anderen" : pastoraltheologische Überlegungen zum Umgang mit Fremdheit und Fremdverstehen
No full textHüber, Ingolf ; Keller, Sonja ; Merle, Kristin (Hrsg.): Religion im Sozialraum : sozialwissenschaftliche und theologische Perspektiven. Stuttgart, 2023
No full textA new start or a return to bygone days? Analyzing Twitter discourse around the Taliban takeover of Afghanistan in 2021
No full textWhat were the frequently discussed topics on Twitter concerning the Taliban takeover of Kabul in August 2021, and which communities of users can be identified in the Twitter discourse related to this development? We answer these questions through a dual (keyword-based and Guided LDA) topic modeling approach, as well as a retweet-based network analysis of 5.8 million tweets posted six months before and after the Taliban takeover. As the traditional public sphere has transformed into a networked one, it has now become ever important to analyze online discourse and user connectivity to understand the different perspectives regarding various developments. Our analysis revealed that the Taliban and Pakistan’s role in their rise were the most frequently discussed topics on Twitter, whereas six distinct communities of users could be identified in the data, the users of which expressed anti-Taliban, anti-Pakistan, as well as pro-Taliban opinions. The findings not only improve our understanding of Twitter use in a particular region, but also highlight the importance of analyzing online discourse in conflicts
AI-based Financial Advice : an Ethical Discourse on AI-based Financial Advice and Ethical Reflection Framework
No full textThis article presents a first step in identifying the ethical issues of AI-based financial advice. Consumers must navigate an ever more complex array of financial decisions. (Generative) AI-based financial advice may increase access to and acceptance of financial advice and strengthen consumers’ financial well-being. However, significant ethical challenges exist in designing, developing, and deploying AI-based financial advice. To analyze the perils and pitfalls of AI-based financial advice, we develop a definition of what constitutes good AI-based financial advice and provide a first assessment of ethical challenges related to AI-based financial advice. The iterative multi-stakeholder approach, including workshops and semi-structured interviews with consumers and experts, results in an ethical discourse structured around the four fundamental values of the European Commission’s Ethics Guidelines for Trustworthy AI, human autonomy, explicability, fairness, prevention of harm, and trust as the overall objectives. Based on our analyses, we derive a simple yet comprehensive AI Ethics Framework for Financial Advice (AIFA). The AIFA reflection framework guides public policymakers, managers of financial service providers, and technology developers in incorporating ethical discourse in developing and deploying (generative) AI-based financial advice
Redefining Voice : Exploring Gender and Musical Fusion in the Work of Nuri Harun Ateş
No full textNuri Harun Ateş is a versatile Turkish singer who fluidly crosses genres, including Western classical music, pop, and nostalgic tunes, singing in multiple languages such as Turkish, French, Italian, English, and Kurdish. Trained as a classical countertenor, Ateş skillfully navigates his vocal range, seamlessly transitioning between his high range and chest register to suit the song and genre. This fluidity is central to his artistic identity, not only in his voice but also in his genre-blending approach—such as fusing Habanera from Bizet’s Carmen with the Turkish classic Bağdat Yolu to create a unique oriental-pop fusion. His fluid artistry is equally reflected in his public persona, where his eclectic style choices—clothing, accessories, and hairstyle—challenge conventional boundaries. Amid Turkey’s traditional social climate, Ateş, a self-identified queer artist, uses styling choices often associated with femininity to encourage his audience to question established gender norms. His lyrics, which explore universal themes of love and relationships, subtly express his sexuality in lines like “I said I wear what I want / I say what I want / You can’t command the heart, that’s just how it is” and “Can somebody please tell me, what is this normal?”
Inspired by post-structuralist and queer theories, including Butler’s ideas on gender performativity and Doty’s “queer moments,”, this paper presents the early stages of an exploratory and descriptive study examining the complex intersections between music, gender, and language through the lens of Ateş’s voice and artistry. Using a case study approach, the research combines media analysis, music analysis, interviews, and live performance observations. These data are being analyzed through grounded theory principles, allowing themes related to music, gender, language and identity to emerge organically. The study aims to provide actionable recommendations for formal, non-formal, and informal music education contexts. This paper will discuss the relevance, methodology, and core research questions while presenting preliminary findings
„Die Klammer ist auf jeden Fall, dynamischer als früher zu sein, auch spontaner.“ Innovative medienjournalistische Formate am Beispiel der Medienmagazine von ARD und Deutschlandradio
No full textA systematic literature review of performance measurement systems and the integration of ESG factors
No full textThis Systematic Literature Review (SLR) investigates the integration of Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) factors into corporate Performance Measurement Systems. Based on an analysis of 61 peer-reviewed articles from the Web of Science and Business Source Ultimate databases, the review addresses three central research questions: (1) What is the current state of the literature on Sustainable Performance Measurement? (2) Which ESG factors can be integrated into a Sustainable Performance Measurement System for companies to maximize information output while minimizing the number of required factors? (3) How can ESG factors be measured to contribute to improvements and long-term sustainability value creation for corporations?
The analysis reveals a marked and sustained rise in scholarly attention to Sustainable Performance Measurement between 2004 and 2024, with the number of publications more than doubling between the periods 2014–2017 and 2018–2021. While most studies consider all three ESG dimensions, environmental factors receive the most attention—frequently alongside governance and, to a lesser extent, social aspects such as working conditions, diversity, and stakeholder impact.
This review synthesizes major developments in the field, including the design of individual frameworks, decision support models, and composite indexes for ESG performance assessment. It identifies the most relevant ESG components for inclusion in PMSs and critically evaluates how these factors are currently measured, offering insights into their practical contribution to corporate performance improvement