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Gender in Post-Pandemic Research : The Potentials of Grounded Theory to Explicitly Guide Gender-Sensitive Inquiry on Discrimination and Violence
No full textAmid the COVID-19 pandemic, a re-exacerbation of gender inequalities and violence against women was reported. For adequately responding to the causes of this situation and its aftermath, a detailed understanding of the gendered impacts of the pandemic and of subsequent developments is necessary. This aim may be supported by particularly using gender-sensitive modes of inquiry. Against this backdrop, we explore the methodological potential of grounded theory (GT) to explicitly guide gender-sensitive research. Given its methodological variations, we argue that an adequate handling of gender in GT can only be determined in relation to a researcher's positioning within the GT landscape. Thus, to assist readers in translating their gender sensitivity into GT practices, this article outlines various interpretations of GT elements, discussing their relation to gender. Furthermore, strategies addressing gender-related challenges are presented and underlined by, among others, studies on discrimination and violence
"Jugendliche sollen partizipieren können"
No full textInterview zur Schließung der kirchlichen Jugendstellen in der Diözese Eichtät
Cyclic Stochastic Inventory Routing Planning with Reorder Points and Recourse Decision for an Application in Medical Supply
No full textDrug availability in clinics is essential for patient services, whose demand for medication on the other hand is uncertain. Thus, clinics need to have a variety of medication available, which lead to high inventory holding costs. In Germany, it is common for a larger central clinic to take over the procurement of drugs and distribute them to smaller surrounding clinics, which results in a two-echelon network structure. The clinics, however, operate according to their own inventory policy as they plan independent of each other. Additionally, these inventory policies include instant replenishment orders to avoid shortages. As these instant replenishment orders only include few medication, these can be performed by a variety of vehicles, including vans, cabs, and aerial drones.
We present a two-stage stochastic program for a multi-product two-echelon inventory routing problem with stochastic demands under consideration of inventory policies. We decide on the cost-optimal cyclic delivery patterns and reorder points for the clinics with instant replenishment orders performed by drones as recourse decision in case of shortages. Due to the problem’s complexity caused by the interdependencies of inventory policies in the two echelons, we develop a specialized adaptive large neighborhood search that includes an algorithm for determining local optimal reorder points for the routing in each iteration. We present a case study at a large German clinic, which is responsible for serving surrounding clinics and plans to integrate drone instead of truck deliveries as emergency resupply decision. Our integrated approach not only leads to cost savings of 58.4% for the surrounding clinics but also 15.9% for the central clinic. By using drone delivery compared to van delivery, average stock of medication at surrounding clinics can be reduced by at least 1.7% to 100% for expensive and rarely needed medication, which results in a total cost decrease of 29.8% while maintaining medication availability
Ulrich von Wilamowitz-Moellendorff als Altertumswissenschaftler jenseits der Wissenschaft
No full textDer Klassische Philologe Ulrich von Wilamowitz-Moellendorff trat auch neben seiner eigentlichen Arbeit immer als Altertumswissenschaftler auf. Der Beitrag zeigt auf der Grundlage der "Erinnerungen" (1928) von Wilamowitz-Moellendorff selbst, aber auch der unveröffentlichten Biographie von Otto Kern, inwiefern er seine Reisen immer als Forschungsaufenthalte nutze, wie er in der Öffentlichkeit auftrat und dort die altertumswissenschaftlichen Fächer vertrat sowie seine Beziehung zu Frauen in der Wissenschaft. Auch wird auf seine vielseitige Gelehrsamkeit eingegangen, die die eigentlichen Bereiche der Klassischen Philologie bei Weitem überschritten
Testing a Community Health Assessment in Germany with the Focus on Planetary Health and Older Adults in an urban Area
No full textBackground: The World Health Organisation (WHO) defines Community Health Nursing as a special field of nursing that combines nursing, public health and social assistance skills to promote health, improve environmental conditions and support rehabilitation in illness and disability. Although CHNs have a long international tradition, Germany has only just begun to implement CHNs in its healthcare. Key element of practice is the assessment of entire population needs. Community assessment is therefore a crucial part of a Community Health Nurse's work. Through community assessment, a CHN can gather information about the community, define persistent problems, meet needs, prioritize problems and inform the decision-making process. Several CHAs have already been carried out in Germany, most of them project-related and only some of them published in German. A workshop will test a community assessment tool in a large city in eastern Germany with a focus on planetary health and older adults.
Methods: The testing of the community health assessment is part of a workshop organized by the CHN specialist group of the German Nursing Association, which will take place in November 2024 in Dresden. Participants will be CHNs or CHN-students, as well as APNs with the focus on public health and community nursing.
The assessment will focus on Planetary Health and older adults in the Johannstadt and Neustadt neighborhoods of Dresden. The assessment starts with a general introduction of the framework “Community-as-a-partner model” from Anderson & McFarlane et al. 2015 and a short introduction for the assessment tools. The participants then will be divided into groups. After four hours, the groups meet again and discuss the challenges they faced in conducting the community health assessment using a structured feedback method.
Expected results: The expected results show that even in small social areas of a city, there are different challenges and approaches to improve healthcare for vulnerable groups. The ‘community-as-a-partner’ model requires adaptations in the German context, particularly with regard to the legal framework, access to health data and cultural particularities. In addition, the combination of community health and planetary health offers new approaches for care practice and emphasizes the importance of interdisciplinary cooperation and the consideration of environmental factors in care.
Discussion: Our workshop will attempt to adapt a community health assessment tool in the German context. The results of our workshop in terms of challenges and potential adaptation needs will provide initial insights into the application of community health assessment in Germany
Jenseits traditioneller Hierarchien : Holokratische Strukturen im öffentlich-rechtlichen Rundfunk als Antwort auf journalistische und organisationale Grenzen
No full textRegulatory state capacity for accelerating net-zero transitions : Lessons learned from governing electricity storage in Germany
No full textPolicy implications arising from the unique challenges in the acceleration phase of net-zero transitions are receiving increasing attention. As a refinement, this paper focusses on regulation as a subset of policies and investigates the regulatory implications of such acceleration challenges. We integrate the literature on transformative policy capacity for conceptualising regulatory state capacity needed for responding to these challenges through regulatory change. This regulatory state capacity is operationalised by means of roles, abilities and resources. We apply our analytical framework to the market for electricity storage systems in Germany. Based on in-depth interviews and participant observation we find a high institutionalisation and complexity of regulation, and an accelerating effect of multi-system interactions on and contestation around regulatory changes. Our research reveals that in Germany regulatory state capacity has been characterised by a high relevance of gatekeeping and moderating as well as political abilities in light of the challenges ‘whole system change’ and ‘expansion and contestation’. We further observe a change in roles, from a maintaining to a creating character, and different sources of more radical regulatory change: while the changing attitude towards residential storage in the regulatory agency is based on learning and reflexivity due to its role as observer, warner and mitigator embedded in a changing socio-technical environment, the changing regulatory state capacity in the investigated ministry is triggered by the change of government and the associated stronger political will from inside the organisation itself. In conclusion, the article provides recommendations for policy makers with a focus on regulation
Gender as moderator of the relations between interpersonal and noninterpersonal trauma exposure and mental health problems in conflict-affected children and adolescents
No full textThis study examined the moderating role of gender in the associations between cumulative exposure to interpersonal trauma (IPT) and noninterpersonal trauma (NIPT) and mental health outcomes in children and adolescents in conflict-affected areas. Method: Based on a sample of 980 children (rangeage = 6–12, Mage = 9.60, 471 girls) and 472 adolescents (rangeage = 13–18, Mage = 15.26, 218 girls) living in or near conflict-affected regions (Burundi, Northern Uganda, Iraq, Syria, and Sri Lanka), multigroup path analyses were conducted to examine whether cumulative exposure to IPT and NIPT was differentially associated with mental health problems (posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms, internalizing and externalizing problems) in girls and boys. Results: Among adolescents, higher cumulative exposure to IPT was significantly more strongly associated with posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms in girls than in boys, and higher cumulative exposure to NIPT was significantly associated with externalizing problems in girls only. Among children, all independent associations between types of trauma exposure and mental health problems were significant and did not differ between girls and boys. Conclusions: The findings suggest that female vulnerability to traumatic stress after IPT exposure occurs in adolescence
States and Their Nationals Abroad : Support, Co-opt, Repress
No full textIn a novel contribution to the field of comparative foreign policy analysis, this book carefully delineates how states, regardless of regime, have formulated policies to deal with their national communities aboard. Some states, depending on their domestic political ideologies, cultures and capabilities, have extensive institutional mechanisms in place for coming to the aid of their nationals abroad. Others, however, have also used these capabilities in adverse ways. Chapters focusing on individual countries explore the rationale behind state policies that differentiate treatment for distinct groups, such as tourists, migrants, and diasporas. Amongst the intriguing findings is the fact that state capacity alone does not explain the ability or willingness of states to assist their nationals abroad in times of need. Furthermore, in some cases, communities abroad can also actively mobilize against their home state, thus play key roles in conflict and even regime change
Development and validation of the caregiver-report version of the international depression questionnaire (IDQ-CG) and international anxiety questionnaire (IAQ-CG)
No full textThe International Depression Questionnaire (IDQ) and International Anxiety Questionnaire (IAQ) are self-report measures of ICD-11 single episode depressive disorder (DD) and generalised anxiety disorder (GAD). The present study sought to describe the development and psychometric evaluation of the caregiver-report versions of the IDQ and IAQ for children, referred to as the IDQ-CG and IAQ-CG, respectively. Participants were 639 parents living in Ukraine who provided data on themselves and one child in their household as part of “ The Mental Health of Parents and Children in Ukraine Study: 2023 Follow-up” study. The latent structure of the IDQ-CG and IAQ-CG were tested using confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), composite reliability (CR) estimates were estimated, and convergent validity was assessed. Prevalence rates of probable ICD-11 DD and GAD were also estimated. CFA results indicated that the IDQ-CG and IAQ-CG were unidimensional, while the internal reliability of both scales was excellent. Convergent validity was established via associations with external measures of internalizing, externalizing, and attention problems as well as trauma exposure. Factors associated with increased IDQ-CG and IAQ-CG scores included pharmacological support for emotional or behavioural problems, delayed milestone development, being forced to move to another part of Ukraine, serious life disruption due to the war, and having experienced a bereavement. Of the total sample, 1.6% met diagnostic requirements for ICD-11 DD and 5.8% met diagnostic requirements for ICD-11 GAD. This study supports the psychometric properties of the IDQ-CG and IAQ-CG. These measures can be effectively used to identify young people in need of mental health support