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Leading with Generosity and Responsibility through Reward Allocation Decisions in Teams
Get PDFLeadership generosity and responsibility are crucial elements in organizational management, particularly when leaders allocate rewards among team members. Through theoretical modeling and experimental validation, we examine leaders' allocation decisions at different stages of a project---before it begins, after completion but before outcomes are realized, and after outcomes are known---and how their decisions depend on their personality traits. Using a preregistered randomized controlled experiment with 520 participants, we examine two key leadership behaviors: generous commitment (taking a smaller share for oneself before the project starts) and responsibility (reducing one's share after poor performance), as well as how personal traits shape these behavioral styles. Our theoretical framework predicts that more altruistic leaders will demonstrate stronger generous commitment while less altruistic leaders will demonstrate greater responsibility following negative outcomes. The empirical findings largely support these predictions. Female leaders show more generosity, while both genders demonstrate responsibility by reducing self-allocation following negative outcomes, albeit through different psychological mechanisms. Personality traits, especially altruism, as well as other psychological factors, moderate these behaviors. Our study finds that personality traits that are often associated with `strong' leadership tend not to demonstrate responsibility. These findings provide insights into leadership decision-making, with implications for organizational design and leadership development
The Value of Anonymous Option
Get PDFPrivacy regulations require that sellers obtain explicit consumer consent before collecting personal data. We formalize this requirement by introducing an anonymous option, which allows consumers to maintain anonymity during transactions. In a repeated-purchase model under limited commitment, we examine a monopolist's incentives to offer this option and its welfare implications. Despite full surplus extraction through data collection, the seller generally benefits from the option, as it credibly supports a high second-period uniform price and mitigates the ratchet effect. However, the option may reduce consumer surplus and social welfare due to higher average prices and lower aggregate demand
Contribution à l’Optimisation des Prix Bord Champ en Côte d'Ivoire : Méthodologie Pratique et Recommandations
Get PDFThis study examines the optimization of farm-gate prices in Côte d'Ivoire, particularly in strategic agricultural sectors such as cocoa and coffee. The research adopts a multidimensional approach, incorporating general equilibrium theories, econometric models, and stochastic methods. We analyze the impact of farm-gate pricing on export prices and trade balance. Our findings suggest that an optimal pricing strategy enhances the competitiveness of Ivorian agricultural products, improves producers' profitability, and strengthens the country's macroeconomic stability. The study also provides policy recommendations for price stabilization mechanisms, institutional support, and risk management tools to mitigate market volatility
Trade-off in energy policy: Evidence from a best-worst discrete choice experiment
Get PDFThis study addresses the critical issue of climate change awareness in Pakistan by evaluating the Pakistani citizens’ willingness to adopt energy reforms to reduce CO2 emissions. Using best-worst scaling, we examined five key attributes important for reforming the Pakistan energy policy: CO2 emission reduction, energy independence, employment impact, transition time, and changes in energy price. The findings reveal a strong preference for reducing CO2 emissions, enhancing energy independence, increasing employment, and accelerating policy implementation. Meanwhile, Pakistan residents revealed concerns about potential increases in energy bills. The analysis showed that male, urban, educated, full-time employed, middle-aged (35-44), married individuals with children, high-income, and environmentally conscious respondents were more willing to trade-off for CO2 reduction. In contrast, apprehension about potential job losses and higher energy bills was prevalent across all subgroups. The study recommends diversifying energy sources, including nuclear and hydro-energy, as a strategic approach to balance environmental goals with economic stability in Pakistan. These insights into public energy policy preferences can inform policymakers and researchers in similar developing countries of sustainable energy strategies
Digitalisation, transition énergétique et croissance économique en Afrique du nord : une analyse Dynamique à l’Aide du modèle CS-ARDL
Get PDFCet article analyse l’impact de la digitalisation et de la transition énergétique sur la croissance économique en Afrique du Nord, dans une optique de développement durable. À l’aide du modèle CS-ARDL, il distingue les effets à court terme des ajustements dynamiques et met en évidence les relations structurelles à long terme découlant des investissements en capital fixe, de la consommation énergétique – qu’elle soit renouvelable ou non – et de l’adoption des technologies de l’information et de la communication (TIC). Les résultats montrent qu’à court terme, l’activité économique est principalement stimulée par les investissements productifs et la dépendance aux énergies fossiles. À long terme, l’intégration progressive des énergies renouvelables et l’amélioration des infrastructures numériques contribuent à une croissance plus inclusive et résiliente, en cohérence avec les Objectifs de développement durable. Par ailleurs, l’étude met en lumière d’importantes disparités structurelles et régionales, soulignant ainsi la nécessité de politiques publiques adaptées et coordonnées pour maximiser les synergies entre digitalisation et transition énergétique.
Abstract: The present article undertakes an analysis of the impact of digitalization and the energy transition on economic growth in North Africa, from the standpoint of sustainable development. Utilising the CS-ARDL model, it differentiates between short-term effects and dynamic adjustments, emphasising long-term structural relationships stemming from fixed capital investment, energy consumption (both renewable and non-renewable), and the adoption of information and communication technologies (ICT). The findings indicate that, in the short term, economic activity is predominantly driven by productive investment and reliance on fossil fuels. In the long term, the gradual integration of renewable energies and the enhancement of digital infrastructures contribute to more inclusive and resilient growth, in accordance with the sustainable development goals. Concurrently, the study accentuates substantial structural and regional disparities, thereby underscoring the necessity for suitable and coordinated public policies to optimize the synergies between digitalization and the energy transition
Digitalisation, fiscalité verte et capacités énergétiques : une analyse de la Qualité Environnementale en Afrique du nord à l’aide de l’approche CS-ARDL
Get PDFRésumé : Cet article examine l’impact de la digitalisation, des recettes fiscales environnementales et des capacités énergétiques sur la qualité environnementale en Afrique du Nord, en se concentrant sur l’Égypte, le Maroc et la Tunisie. En s’appuyant sur la courbe environnementale de Kuznets, l’étude intègre l’essor des technologies de l’information et de la communication (TIC) et la fiscalité verte pour analyser leur influence sur la relation entre croissance économique et dégradation environnementale.
À l’aide d’un modèle CS-ARDL, l’analyse distingue les effets à court et long terme. Les résultats montrent qu’une hausse du PIB entraîne d’abord une augmentation des émissions de gaz à effet de serre. Toutefois, au-delà d’un seuil critique, la fiscalité environnementale et l’amélioration des infrastructures énergétiques et numériques réduisent progressivement ces émissions.
Ces résultats soulignent que la transformation numérique, combinée à une fiscalité verte efficace et aux technologies émergentes (IA, IoT, réalité augmentée et virtuelle), constitue un levier stratégique pour atténuer l’impact environnemental d’une croissance soutenue en Afrique du Nord.
Abstract: The present article examines the impact of digitization, environmental tax revenues and energy capacity on environmental quality in North Africa, focusing on Egypt, Morocco and Tunisia. Utilising the Kuznets environmental curve, the study integrates the rise of information and communication technologies (ICT) and green taxation to analyse their influence on the relationship between economic growth and environmental degradation.
Utilising a CS-ARDL model, the analysis differentiates between short- and long-term effects. The study's findings indicate that an augmentation in Gross Domestic Product (GDP) is associated with an initial escalation in greenhouse gas emissions. However, beyond a critical threshold, the implementation of environmental taxation, coupled with the advancement of energy and digital infrastructures, leads to a gradual decline in these emissions.
The findings emphasise that digital transformation, in conjunction with effective green taxation and emerging technologies (AI, IoT, augmented and virtual reality), can serve as a strategic lever for mitigating the environmental impact of sustained growth in North Africa
Gouvernance du cobalt et pouvoir stratégique : une analyse intertemporelle hamiltonienne de la suspension des exportations en RDC
Get PDFIn a context of sustained price decline and heightened volatility in the global cobalt market, the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC),the world’s leading producer, suspended its cobalt exports in February 2025. This decision aimed to recalibrate international prices, reinforce mineral sovereignty, and initiate a structural transformation of the domestic value chain. Against this backdrop, the objective of this article is to assess the economic sustainability of such a strategy by employing a dynamic framework of intertemporal trade-offs between short-term losses and long-term gains. The adopted methodology relies on a rigorous analytical model grounded in the Hamiltonian formalism, allowing the modeling of economic flows weighted by the policymaker’s time preference factor. The findings suggest that while the suspension generates a negative welfare balance in the short term, a favorable reversal remains attainable in the medium term, provided that local transformation, institutional reforms, and bilateral cooperation are rapidly activated. Accordingly, it is recommended that the DRC adopt a strategy of patient statecraft, characterized by a low discount rate, accelerate the implementation of industrial reforms such as local refining and supply chain traceability, establish a contract-based governance framework through structured dialogue between the state and mining operators, and formalize a bilateral partnership with Indonesia to exert coordinated influence on global pricing. In this perspective, cobalt must no longer be viewed as a mere strategic commodity, but rather as a sovereignty lever to be governed intertemporally through coherent and forward-looking economic policy
Financial inclusion, religiosity and economic welfare in majority Christian, Hindu and Muslim countries
Get PDFThis study investigates the effect of financial inclusion on economic welfare in three religious country groups: majority Christian countries, majority Hindu countries and majority Muslim countries. The study analysed 30 religious countries during the 2004 to 2020 period using the two-stage least squares regression method. The economic welfare variables are the gross domestic product (GDP) growth rate, GDP per capita growth, inflation rate and the unemployment rate. The main explanatory variable is the composite financial inclusion index. The control variables are corruption control index, political stability index, total population growth, rule of law index and the regulatory quality index. It was found that financial inclusion is positively correlated with corruption control, political stability, rule of law and regulatory quality in religious countries while financial inclusion is negatively correlated with total population growth, economic growth, GDP per capita growth, inflation rate and unemployment rate in religious countries. Regression results show that high level of financial inclusion decreases the unemployment rate in majority Muslim countries. A pre-existing low unemployment rate is significantly associated with higher financial inclusion in majority Christian and Muslim countries. High level of financial inclusion decreases the inflation rate in countries that have significant Islamic finance activity. Financial inclusion has an insignificant effect on economic welfare in majority Hindu countries. The implication of the findings is that the type of religion and the size of Islamic finance activity matter in understanding the relationship between financial inclusion and economic welfare in religious countries
What Explains the Greening of China's Energy ODI? The Role of Environmental Regulation, Endowments and Financial Factors
Get PDFIn the current study, we document a steady rise in the share of renewable energy projects in China's outward direct investment (ODI) in the energy sector. We examine the driving forces and find that both host country's environmental regulation and financial factors has generated different or even opposite effects on China's ODI in fossil fuels and renewable energy. Specifically, China's ODI in fossil fuels is positively correlated with endowments in fossil fuels, electricity consumption, low financing costs, and high exchange rate volatility. In comparison, ODI in renewable energy is more likely to occur in host countries with stricter environmental regulation and less likely to be impeded by tighter monetary policy. The results suggest that the combination of regulatory policies and financing conditions can have an important influence in the global transition to renewable energy
Financial market developments and the minerals industry
Get PDFThis paper analyses the reaction of the minerals industry to financial market developments in South Africa. This is achieved by augmenting a Taylor 1993 rule type central bank monetary policy reaction function with the Johannesburg Stock Exchange (JSE), or financial market, index. The empirical results provide evidence of a statistically significant effect of an increase in financial market index on output of the minerals industry, which increases and peaks after 3 months, where this effect is statistically significant up to 5 months.
The results further show that following an increase in output of the minerals industry, the financial market index increase slightly and peaks after 2 months as well as after 8 months with a statistically significant effect up to 2 months and between 8 and 10 months.
Financial markets are, thus, important for the minerals industry hence policymakers should reduce impediments to financial market development given that a well functioning and regulated financial market has an important role in supporting aggregate economic activity as well as the minerals industry