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Samband mellan förväntningar på kattens beteende och val av hanteringsmetod
Get PDFKatter är ofta stressade hos veterinären vilket kan leda till hanteringsproblem som
gör det svårare att behandla katter som besöker djursjukvården. Personal inom
djursjukvården har olika erfarenheter och olika synsätt, vilket kan leda till olika
förväntningar på hur katter kommer att bete sig under ett besök. Dessa
förväntningar kan i sin tur resultera i olika val av hanteringsmetoder som tas till
för att kunna ta hand om katten. Idag uppmanas djursjukvården att anpassa
klinikmiljön till katten och använda låg stresshantering, där hanteringsmetoderna
individanpassas för att främja kattens välbefinnande och främja att djurägare tar
katten till veterinären utan att vara oroliga för stresspåverkan. Syftet med denna
studie är att undersöka om det inom djursjukvården i Sverige föreligger olika
förväntningar på katters beteenden och om det i så fall finns något samband
mellan förväntan och val av hanteringsmetod. Samt vad som påverkar personalens
förväntningar och hanteringsmetoder. Men även undersöka om Rosenthaleffekten
går att påvisa mellan människor och katter, det vill säga om personalens
förväntningar på katten kan spegla av sig på kattens beteende. Detta undersöktes
genom en intervjustudie där sju personer som arbetar inom djursjukvården deltog.
Resultatet granskades och diskuterades utifrån tidigare vetenskapligt publicerad
forskning inom området. Inga statistiska tester har genomförts och därför kunde
inga reliabla jämförelser göras mellan respondenterna. De som ansåg sig mer
bekväma med att hantera katter valde att inte låta val av hanteringsmetod påverkas
av tidigare erfarenheter, vad kollegor eller journaler sa om katten. Utan de valde
att möta katten med en neutral attityd och anpassa sig utifrån individen i stunden.
De som var mindre bekväma med att hantera katter uppgav i större utsträckning
att hanteringen kan påverkas till viss del av förväntningar. Många respondenter
upplevde att känslan de har när de möter en katt påverkas av förväntningarna. Det
som kunde ses var att Rosenthaleffekten upplevdes vara påtaglig och att det kan
vara både positivt och negativt att ha förväntningar inför ett möte med en katt.Cats are often stressed at the veterinarian clinic. This can cause handling issues
that makes it more difficult to treat cats who visit animal healthcare. Veterinary
personnel in animal healthcare have different experiences and different attitudes
towards cats which leads to different expectations on how different cats will act
during their visit. These expectations can result in a variation of choices of
handling methods that are used to take care of the cat. Veterinary personnel in
animal healthcare are today encouraged to adjust the surroundings at the clinic to
the cat and to perform low stress handling. The handling is to be individualized to
each cat in order to benefit the cat’s wellbeing and to encourage owners to bring
their cats to the veterinarian without being worried about the stress impact on the
cat. The aim of this study is to look into the expectations on cats and choices of
handling methods amongst veterinary personnel in animal healthcare in Sweden,
and to look into what influences their expectations and handling methods.
Another aim of this study is to look into if expectancy effect is applicable between
humans and cats, meaning if the veterinary personnels’ expectations on the cat
affects the behaviour of the cat. This was done by conducting interviews with
seven people active in animal healthcare as well as looking at research done in the
past. No significant difference was shown between the respondents. But those
who considered themselves as more comfortable with handling cats claimed to not
let previous experiences, what was said by colleagues or stated in medical charts
affect choice of handling method. Instead they chose to treat the cat with a neutral
attitude and adjust their handling after the cat’s individual needs in the moment.
Those who were less comfortable with handling cats stated that the handling can
be affected to a certain amount by the expectations. Many respondents stated that
the feeling they had when meeting a cat can be affected by the expectations. It
was shown that Expectancy effect was considered to be noticeable and that it can
be positive as well as negative to have expectations when meeting a cat
Determinants of electric vehicle adoption in Sweden
Get PDFThis thesis investigates the determinants of electric vehicle (EV) adoption in Sweden. A linear-logarithmic regression model is estimated on annual data from 2011 to 2020. In addition to a national level analysis, the thesis carried out separate analysis for the regions of Norrland, Götaland and Svealand to find any regional differences. The results show that the average distance travelled is significant in every regression alongside fuel taxes. This finding has two policy implications: Expanding EV charging infrastructure to entice non EV drivers to adoption and increasing fuel taxes to reduce the relative operating costs of EVs
Governance of wicked problems : the case of Swedish banks and the wicked problem of biodiversity loss
Get PDFAs the number of organizations that integrate sustainability in their operations has significantly increased, the issue of sustainability has moved away from being strictly a governmental issue to becoming a governance issue - involving not only the public sector but also the private. Different levels of authority and power try to manage these global sustainability issues, which are defined as wicked problems. However, there is paucity in research on how individual organizations can manage these global wicked problems on a local level, with an increasing number of stakeholders and global governance models. With this research gap identified, this study aims to contribute to the research knowledge of how companies at a local governance level manage global wicked problems through engaging stakeholders and global governance models. To fulfill this aim, the case of Swedish banks is chosen to study along with the wicked problem of biodiversity loss - since biodiversity loss is considered as the most irrevocable environmental crisis, is a wicked problem in need of financing, and is recognized on a global level as a pressing issue to solve.
To address this research aim, the study explored various management approaches that organizations can use to manage wicked problems. A conceptual framework was developed - inspired by Multilevel governance, the SDG compass, research on wicked problems and stakeholder engagement. To explore this theoretical approach, a single case study was conducted on four Swedish banks through semi-structured interviews. The study also investigated existing biodiversity frameworks, initiatives and KPIs relevant for Swedish banks.
The study concludes that global wicked problems, i.e. sustainability issues, need to be managed at several governance levels - not only on a governmental level. After investigating how Swedish banks manages biodiversity loss, individual organizations are encouraged to tackle wicked problems by first understanding the issue, while using stakeholders, global frameworks, and initiatives to gain knowledge and inspiration. Having defined the problem, future steps include defining priorities and integrating said priorities - when a complete understanding is fulfilled. This study contributes to more knowledge on how organizations could manage global wicked problems on a local level, and especially on a sectoral level for the financial industry. Future research is encouraged to investigate the possibility of managing wicked problems through customers specifically, in addition to analyzing how managing wicked problems can differ depending on if an organization has a direct or indirect effect on the problem
The thermal comfort in horses with different blankets : a pilot study measuring temperature and relative humidity under the blanket
Get PDFDet är vanligt att både klippta och oklippta hästar täcks stor del av året för att öka hästens isolering och vissa hästar täcks redan vid 10C. Problemet som uppstår är att hästägare inte har tillräckligt med kunskap och att det finns begränsat med vetenskaplig information om hur temperaturen under täcket påverkas av tjockleken på täcket.
Det primära syftet var att mäta hur temperaturen och fuktigheten under täcket påverkas vid användning av olika tjocklek på täcken. Det sekundära syftet var att uppskatta hur hästens nedre kritiska temperatur och termiska komfort påverkas av täckets tjocklek.
Studien hade två frågeställningar: Hur påverkas temperaturen och fuktigheten under täcket vid användning av täcken av olika tjocklekar? Hur påverkas hästens termiska komfort och nedre kritiska temperatur av olika tjocklekar på täcke?
Mätningarna var upplagda som en crossoverprövning för fem varmblodiga ridhästar. Hästarnas ålder, mankhöjd, kroppsyta, vikt och omsättbar energi beräknades och dokumenterades. Horsepal användes för att mäta temperatur och relativa fuktigheten under 0 gram, 150 gram och 300 gram täcken. En infraröd termometer användes för att mäta yttemperatur på täcken och päls på hästarna. Temperatur och fuktighetsmätare användes för att mäta temperaturen och fuktigheten i luften vid mätningstillfället. Under fem dagar under perioden 9-23 april 2022 gjordes mätningarna. Klockslagen som mätningarna skedde var klockan 06.00, 10.00, 14.00, 17.00 och 20.00.
Resultatet visade att lufttemperatur under mätperioden varierade mellan 3,1–22,2°C. Relativ fuktighet i luften under mätperioden varierade mellan 26,5–72,4%. Medelvärdet och standardavvikelse från alla mättillfällen under täckena för alla hästar var temperatur 26,8 ± 4,7°C och för relativa luftfuktighet 50,2 ± 10,5%. Temperaturen under täcke med 0 gram täcke var signifikant lägre än 150 och 300 gram. Den relativa fuktigheten var signifikant högre vid 0 gram än 150 gram. Dock så visade sig att 0 gram och 150 gram hade båda 11,5 g vatten/kg luft och 300 gram hade högst på 14,5 g vatten/kg luft. Det fanns individuella skillnader mellan de olika hästarnas temperatur och relativ luftfuktighet under täcket.
Nedre kritisk temperatur (NKT) för hästar utan täcke beräknades inom spannet mellan 3,8–14,3°C. NKT för 0 grams täcke i studien var mellan –0.4–6,5°C. För 150 gram var NKT mellan –7,6–3,6°C. NKT för 300 gram täcke var mellan
-11,4°C- –0,7°C.
Slutsatsen var att den nedre kritiska temperaturen berodde på främst på foderintensiteten. Då hästarna med högre foderintensitet hade lägre nedre kritisk temperatur. Tjockare täcke gav ett högre värmemotstånd. Hästarna fick en lägre nedre kritisk temperatur när värmemotståndet ökade.It is common that both clipped and unclipped horses wear blankets for large parts of the year to increase the horse’s isolation and some horses wear blankets already at 10 C. A problem is that the horse owners have inadequate knowledge for practical management and that there is limited scientific studies on how the temperature under the blanket is affected by the thickness of the blanket.
The aim of the study was to get data on how the temperature and relative humidity under the blanket were affected by different thickness of blankets. The aim was also to estimate how the horse’s lower critical temperature and thermal comfort were affected by the thickness of the blanket. The study had two research issues: How does the thickness of the blanket affect the temperature and relative humidity under the blanket when the insulation is altered? How will the thickness of the blanket affect the horse's thermal comfort and lower critical temperature?
The measurements were designed as a crossover design including five warm-blooded riding horses. The sensor Horsepal was used to measure temperature and relative humidity under the blanket of 0 gram, 150 grams and 300 grams, respectively. An infrared thermometer was used to measure the surface temperature of the blanket and on the coat of the horse. Temperature and relative humidity sensors were used to measure temperature and humidity in the air at the time of measurement. The measurements were made on five days at 06.00, 10.00, 14.00, 17.00 and 20.00 during the period 9-23 April 2022.
The results showed that the air temperature during the test days varied between 3.1–22.2°C. The relative humidity in the air during the test days varied between 26.5–72.4%. The overall mean and standard deviation from all registrations under the blanket for all horses’ temperature was 26.8 ± 4.7°C and for relative humidity 50.2 ± 10.5%. The temperature under the blanket with 0 gram was significantly lower than 150 and 300 gram. The relative humidity was significantly higher at 0 gram than 150 gram. However, it turned out that 0 gram and 150 grams both had 11.5 g water/kg air and 300 gram had highest water content of 14.5 g water/kg air. There were individual differences of the temperature and the relative humidity under the blankets between the different horses. Lower critical temperature for the horses without a blanket is in the range 3.8–14.3°C. Lower critical temperatures were estimated in the range of –0.4 - 6.5°C (0 gram), -7.6 - 3.6°C (150 gram) and
-11.4°C - -0.7°C (300 gram).
In conclusion, the lower critical temperature was mainly due to the feed intake of metabolizable energy, so that the lower critical temperature decreased as the feed intake increased. A thicker blanket gave a higher heat resistance. The lower critical temperature of the horses decreased when the heat resistance increased
Antibiotikarester i mjölk : effekt på mesofila starterkulturer
Get PDFStarter cultures have an essential role in cheese production contributing to desired acid production and formation of aroma- and flavour compounds during cheese maturation. Residues of antimicrobial drugs might reduce the activity of dairy starter cultures and subsequently cause impaired cheese quality. The incidence of prescription of antimicrobial drugs to dairy cows in Sweden is low. In addition, the maximum residue levels (MRL) of antimicrobial drugs in bovine milk are regulated. However, studies suggest that residues of antimicrobial drugs might impact on starter culture bacteria even at concentrations below the MRL. The aim of this study was to investigate how penicillin G, oxytetracycline and trimethoprim-sulfadiazine affect the bacteria in commercial mesophilic starter cultures at concentrations corresponding to their respective MRL values. The effect of the individual antimicrobial drugs on the activity of the starter cultures was investigated by measuring pH during fermentation. In addition, changes in starter culture composition was analysed by selective cultivation on x-gal calcium citrate agar. Oxytetracycline at 100 ppb had a significant effect on the fermentation in 2 out of 3 starter cultures, while no significant effect on the culture activity was observed at 4 ppb penicillin G or 100 ppb trimethoprim-sulfadiazine. Penicillin G at 4 ppb had a significant effect on numbers Lactococcus lactis spp. lactis/cremoris in 1 out of 3 starter cultures while no significant effect was observed for Lactococcus lactis spp. lactis biovar. diacetylactis or Leuconostoc spp. Oxytetracycline at 100 ppb had a significant effect on Lactococcus lactis spp. lactis biovar. diacetylactis in 2 out of 3 starter cultures, whereas Leuconostoc spp. and Lactococcus lactis spp. lactis/cremoris were significantly inhibited in 1 out of 3 starter cultures. 100 ppb trimethoprim-sulfadiazine had no clear effect on starter culture bacteria. Further studies are necessary to confirm the results of the study.Starterkulturer fyller en viktig funktion i osttillverkning genom att bidra till syraproduktion och bildandet av arom- och smakämnen under ostmognaden. Rester av antimikrobiella läkemedel i mjölk kan orsaka minskad aktivitet hos starterkulturbakterier med försämrad produktkvalitet som följd. Förskrivningen av antimikrobiella substanser till mjölkkor i Sverige är låg. Dessutom regleras förekomsten av antimikrobiella läkemedelsrester i mjölk av det högsta tillåtna gränsvärdet (s.k. maximum residue limit, MRL) för olika substanser. Studier visar emellertid att rester av antimikrobiella läkemedel kan påverka starterkulturbakterier vid lägre koncentrationer än de aktuella gränsvärdena. Syftet med den här studien var att undersöka hur penicillin G, oxytetracyklin och trimetoprim-sulfadiazin påverkar fermenteringshastigheten för mesofila starterkulturer för osttillverkning vid koncentrationer motsvarande gränsvärdet för respektive substans. I studien analyserades restsubstansernas effekt på aktiviteten hos starterkulturerna genom att mäta pH under fermenteringsprocessen. Därutöver analyserades förändringar i starterkulturernas sammansättning genom selektiv odling på x-gal-kalciumcitratagar. Oxytetracyklin (100 ppb) hade en signifikant effekt på fermenteringen i 2 av 3 starterkulturer, medan 4 ppb penicillin G och 100 ppb trimethoprim-sulfadiazin inte hade någon signifikant effekt. Penicillin (4 ppb) hade en signifikant effekt på antalet Lactococcus lactis spp. lactis/cremoris i 1 av 3 starterkulturer, medan en effekt på antalet Lactococcus lactis spp. lactis biovar. diacetylactis eller Leuconostoc spp. saknades. Oxytetracyklin (100 ppb) orsakade signifikant inhibering av Lactococcus lactis spp. lactis biovar. diacetylactis i 2 av 3 starterkulturer liksom för Leuconostoc spp. och Lactococcus lactis spp. lactis/cremoris i 1 av 3 starterkulturer. Trimethoprim-sulfadiazine (100 ppb) hade ingen effekt på de studerade mjölksyrabakterierna. Fortsatta studier rekommenderas för att säkerställa resultatet i studien
The Combined Influences of Canopy Openness, Browsing Protection, and Low Intensity Fire on the Natural Regeneration of Oak in Southern Sweden
Get PDFWhilst oak was historically prevalent in the landscape of temperate Europe, changes in the disturbance regime of forests have led to limited regeneration across its distribution. In this study, the fire oak hypothesis is tested to assess the tolerance of Quercus robur and Quercus petraea recruits (seedlings and saplings) to a low intensity burn, and how this response may differ depending on the presence of browsing and canopy openness. In five oak dominated forests, the use of a replicated field experiment, with a randomized block design revealed distinct differences in the conditions that favour the regeneration of oak. After the initially raised mortality of recruits in a burning treatment in the first two years, low levels of mortality were observed across treatments. For unburned recruits, growth was largely absent with lower light conditions, whilst under a canopy gap, a dramatic increase in growth was observed, heavily favouring the larger recruits. Most recruits survived a burning treatment by resprouting, after the above ground portion of the tree was killed (top-kill). However, the largest recruits measured (≈25 mm diameter) were found to survive without top-kill, but only in conjunction with a canopy gap. For burned recruits, growth was dramatically higher under a canopy gap, however, the elevated levels of browsing with this treatment point to benefits from fencing recruits. The results of this experiment highlight the importance of different treatment conditions on the successful regeneration of oak and suggest low intensity burns may allow the successful natural regeneration of oak, if complemented with browsing protection, and improved light conditions
Damage to cultural relics and ancient monuments in association with clearcutting : focusing on unregistered remains
Get PDFÅrligen görs uppföljningar i Skogsstyrelsens regi och fältkontroller över hur skogsbruket i Sverige påverkar registrerade kultur- och fornlämningar. Hittills har det dock inte gjorts någon uppföljning och jämförelse för oregistrerade lämningar.
I detta arbete har 30 objekt, som föryngringsavverkades i Kalmar län under 2020, kontrollerats och inventerats efter kultur- och fornlämningar. Varje föryngringsyta har linjetaxerats och skador på både registrerade och oregistrerade lämningar har klassificerats enligt Skogsstyrelsens inventeringsmall för registrerade lämningar.
Resultatet visar att på de inventerade ytorna hittades lämningar på 80 % av de inventerade objekten och av de lämningar som bedömdes synliga innan föryngringsavverkning var 34,5 % skadade. Detta kan jämföras med de registrerade lämningar som inventerades i Götaland under samma period av Skogsstyrelsen där skadenivån var 29 %. Den vanligast förekommande lämningstypen var rösen, och identifierades på 46 % av ytorna, och där 58 % var skadade. Inga registrerade lämningar fanns på de inventerade föryngringsytorna
Kulturstubbar lyfts ofta fram som nyckeln till att reducera skador på olika lämningar. De 1,3 meter höga stubbarna ska visa att det finns en lämning på platsen. Inverteringen som gjorts i den här studien visar att endast 20% av lämningarna var markerade med kulturstubbar. Av dessa lämningar hade 27% mindre skador. Bedömningen är att om lämningarna hade identifierats innan avverkning och markerats med kulturstubbar hade skadenivån kunnat reduceras avsevärt.An annual inventory is performed by the Swedish Forest Agency regarding the impact of forest management on registered (known) cultural and ancient monuments. So far, however, no follow-up and comparison has been made with unregistered remains.
In this study, 30 forest objects, which were harvested in Kalmar County in 2020, have been examined for cultural and ancient monuments. A line transect survey has been performed in each area. Remains that have been identified have been classified according to the Swedish Forest Agency's inventory template for registered remains.
The result shows that in the areas that were surveyed, remains were found in 80% of the inspected areas. From the remains that were estimated to be visible before harvesting operations, 34.5% were damaged. This can be compared to the amount of registered remains that were inspected in Götaland during the same period by the Swedish Forest Agency where the damage level was 29%. The most common type of cultural remains was cairns, which was identified in 46% of the areas, and 58% of the cairns were damaged.
Stump markers are often highlighted as the key to reducing damage to various remains. These 1,3-meter-high stumps indicate that a remain has been identified. In the areas that were inspected only 20% of the remains were marked with stumps markers. Of these 20%, 27% remains had minor damage. The conclusion is that if the remains had been identified before felling and if they had been marked with stump markers, the level of damage could have been significantly reduced
How dog owners choose breed and the consequences of ignorance about the breed, with a focus on active breeds : a questionnaire based study
Get PDFWhen you choose dog breed you have to look for more than just the outside of the dog and try not to be effected by trends and popularity. Different dog breeds have different breed specific needs. If they are not activated in ways that suits their needs, they can develop different behaviors that the owner consider as unwanted. It is very usual to get at companion dog. This study is investigating how today`s dog owners choose breeds and whether lack of knowledge about the breed affect the resulting behavior from the dogs. Data was collected through a questionnaire and distributed via groups for dog owners on social media. The questionnaire was answered by 1887 owners. The result could indicate that there are owners today that had no knowledge about the breed they got. Over 50% of the respondents gets a companion dog and less than half of these owners have knowledge about their breed´s specific needs. Almost 85% of the owners that has purchased a dog for different purposes than companion have knowledge about the needs of the breed they have chosen. This study discusses the importance of owner having knowledge about the specific breed that they purchase and why owners choose a specific breed without knowledge. The results also show that it was common for dog owners to perceive unwanted behavior from their dogs. Unwanted behaviors are perceived differently and can lead to relocation or even destruction. This study examines these aspects and any underlying factors, to avoid dog owners acquiring a dog with ignorance of the specific needs of the breed
Import and presence of wapiti (Cervus canadensis) in Sweden
Get PDFEn kombination av jaktlagstiftningen under 1700-talets senare hälft, illegal jakt samt befolkningsökning i Sverige resulterade i en minskad population av stora hjortdjur i Sverige. Vid återetableringen under 1800-talet fram till sent 1900-tal fanns intresse av att introducera främmade hjortdjur för att förbättra viltbeståndet, en åtgärd som under denna tid blev allt vanligare världen över. Redan på 1800-talet finns det dokumenterat att import av wapiti (Cervus canadensis) skett till Skeppsta Gård i Södermanland. Import under 1900-talet är dock dåligt dokumenterad. Denna studie undersöker införslar, senare förekomst och lagstiftning under senare 1900-talet, anpassningsförmågan hos wapiti i Sverige samt eventuella följder av importen för flora och fauna.
Importernas ursprung kunde inte fastställas beroende på avsaknad av dokumentation, men förekomsten av wapiti i Sverige har kunnat slås fast på fem platser mellan 1970 och 2000, då de sista dokumenterade wapiti avlivades. Idag skulle genetiska analyser krävas för att fastställa förekomst och eventuell spridning av gener till inhemska kronhjortar. Wapiti torde ha goda förutsättningar att etablera sig som vilt i Sverige. Att en etablering uteblev berodde främst på att exempelvis lagstiftningen blev allt mer restriktiv mot import av främmande arter. Den restriktiva lagstiftningen syftade främst till att minimera risker med introduktion av främmande arter, som hot mot bevarande, uppblandning med inhemska arter, biodiversitet samt mot introduktion av nya farliga sjukdomar.The combination of hunting legislation during the latter part of the 18th century, illegal hunting and human population growth in Sweden resulted in a reduced population of large deer in Sweden. During the reestablishment in the 19th century to the late 20th century there was an interest in the introduction of foreign deer species to improve game stocks, a practice that was becoming increasingly common around the world. It is well documented that wapiti (Cervus canadensis) was imported during the 19th century to Skeppsta Gård in Södermanland. However, the documentation of imports during the 20th century is sparse. Therefore, this study aims to map these imports, later occurrence, legislation during the latter part of the 20th century, adaptability of wapiti to Swedish ecosystems and possible consequences for biodiversity.
The origin of import was not possible to deduce due to lack of documentation, but occurrence of wapiti in Sweden could be determined in five places in the period from 1970 to 2000, when the last known wapiti was euthanized. None of the introductions resulted in release of wapiti into the wild. Today, genetic analysis would be required to determine the presence and possible spread of genes in native red deer. Wapiti is indicated to have the high potential to establish into the wild of Sweden. That introduced wapiti did not establish viable populations in Sweden, seem to be mainly due to human impact, such as legislation that became increasingly restrictive towards the import of foreign species. The restrictive legislation was primarily aimed at minimizing the risks of introductions of foreign species, such as threats to conservation, mixing with native species, negative impacts on biodiversity and new dangerous diseases
Intermediate goods in production : how Swedish milk producers are affected when the price of intermediate goods increases
Get PDFI vår samtid förekommer oroligheter i omvärlden som medför konsekvenser inom många områden. Efter en längre period av pandemin Covid-19 samt invasionen av Ukraina i Europa har situationen förändrats markant. Oavsett land är många branscher beroende av den globala handeln, som inte utesluter lantbruket och livsmedelsproduktionen i Sverige. På grund av oroligheter i omvärlden visar ny statistik att inflationen inte har varit så hög som den är i dagsläget i Sverige sedan år 1991. Det har länge funnits en oro och kostnadskris inom lantbruket vilket har ökat med rådande oroligheter i omvärlden har priserna på el och drivmedel rusat, samt priserna på foder och gödsel.
Sveriges jordbruk har i alla tider haft en stark koppling till mjölkkon och mjölkproduktionen med en stark integration till vår kultur. Trots detta existerar en trend med minskning av antalet mjölkkor i Sverige eftersom företagens lönsamhet försämras. Det framgår en stor risk att mjölkproduktionen i Sverige riskerar en tvärbroms där ansvar behövs tas från både politiker, konsumenter och producenter.
Syftet med uppsatsen är att analysera påverkan på svenska mjölkproducenter när priset på insatsvaror ökar för primärproduktion. Syftet uppnås med hjälp av att den kvalitativ forskningsmetoden tillämpats där semistrukturerade intervjuer ligger till grund för den insamlade empirin.
Studiens resultat visar att det är en volatil bransch för mjölkproducenter i dagens läge. Omvärldsfaktorer påverkar den svenska produktionen av livsmedel med ökade kostnader och intäkter som inte klarar av att bemöta kostnaderna. Lönsamheten är hårt drabbad inom verksamheterna där ansvar behövs tas av fler än enbart den enskilde producenten.In the age we live in, disturbance occurs in the outside world that brings with it dire consequences in several parts of society. After a long time of the pandemic Covid-19, and then the recent invasion of Ukraine in Europe, the situation has changed remarkably. Regardless of country, many industries are dependent on global trade, which does not exclude Swedish agriculture and food production. New statistics show that because of the disturbances in the world, inflation has not been this high since the year 1991. There has long been a concern and cost crisis in the agricultural industry and with recent disturbance in the world, electricity and fuel prices have increased significantly, as well as the prices of feed and commercial fertilizers.
Sweden's agriculture has always had a strong connection to dairy cows as well as dairy production with a strong integration into Swedish culture. Despite this, there exists a trend in which the amount of dairy cows is decreasing due to the deterioration of profitability for dairy farms. There is a great risk that Swedish dairy production risks a breaking point where responsibility needs to be taken from both politicians, consumers, and producers.
The purpose of this study is to analyze how Swedish dairy farmers get affected when the price on inputs increases. This purpose can be achieved with the use of the qualitative research method in which semi structured interviews will be applied and be the foundation of the gathered empirical.
The result of this study shows that the agricultural industry and the dairy production is volatile in the current situation. Global disturbance and its factors impact Swedish food production in the form of increased costs and with an income that does not match the costs. The profitability within the organizations is severely affected where responsibility needs to be taken by more than just the individual producer