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Hur mångbruk påverkar skogen i södra Sverige : En kvantitativ studie av förändring i skogssammansättning i Fulltofta mellan 1997–2023
Full text linkNoble broadleaf forests in Sweden occupy only a fraction of the area they covered historically. In part, they have been replaced by planted even-aged Norway spruce forests. Today, climate change poses increasing risks to Norway spruce forests in southern Sweden. In Fulltofta estate in Skåne, a conversion of spruce to broadleaf stands was noted by Brunet (2007) who studied the land-use history of Fulltofta between 1772–2004 and gave management suggestions to restore parts of the historical noble broadleaf forest in the area.
This study aims to investigate whether the conversion of spruce to broadleaf stands observed by Brunet (2007) in Fulltofta has continued. The change in tree species composition as well as the area occupied by different forest types in Fulltofta is quantified using data extracted from two forest management plans (1997 and 2023). The area of old stands and their tree species composition is also quantified to gain further insight into the impact of the forest management on forest biodiversity.
The hypothesis is that Norway spruce has decreased in Fulltofta while broadleaves have increased between 1997–2023. The main findings confirm the hypothesis, showing that both the standing volume of Norway spruce and the area of Norway spruce-dominated stands have decreased, mainly in favor of broadleaves. Additionally, this study finds that the area of old stands in Fulltofta has increased. However, the results show that the management suggestions given by Brunet have only been partially fulfilled.
The study concludes that climate change adaptation is one of the main drivers of the decrease in spruce in Fulltofta, and that the identified reduction in the area of spruce forests is faster in Fulltofta than the rest of Skåne. In addition, multiple-use forestry in Fulltofta has made the landscape more diverse and potentially improved habitat availability for at least some species dependent on broadleaf forests
The effects of site conditions and browsing on natural tree regeneration in protected areas of southern Sweden
Full text linkThe homogeneous structures of Swedish forest limits and threats biodiversity. To protect and preserve the biodiversity found in the country, land is set aside. In southern Sweden, broadleaf forest is often suitable for such set asides due to their limited abundance and high associated biodiversity values. In order to preserve forests in the long-term, regeneration is a prerequisite. However, old broadleaf forest found in protected areas often are observed to have a limited natural regeneration. Broadleaf forest tree species compositions change along gradients in site conditions due to differences in tree species adaptations. Site conditions are among other things edaphic gradients which are spatial changes in moisture, nitrogen availability, and pH. Other factors which influence broadleaf tree species compositions are variations in light conditions, as well as selective browsing pressure that may alter how the species compositions of tree regeneration changes along these gradients.
This thesis´ aim was to test if browsing affects how the natural regeneration of trees varies along gradients of light and soil in protected broadleaf forests in southern Sweden. This was done by inventorying fenced and unfenced plots in three protected areas in the county Skåne. The collected data was the number of seedlings found, as well as the plots´ light and edaphic conditions indicated by the plots´ ground vegetation. Thereafter, Generalized Linear Models were created to test how the general number of seedlings and the number of beech and ash seedlings shifted with changing gradients of light and site conditions, and how this shift changed when exposed to browsing in un-fenced plots and when browsing was excluded in fenced plots.
The results indicate that the total number of seedlings and beech seedlings increased with increased nitrogen availability and lower pH. Additionally, lower pH was found to increase the total number of ash seedlings. Furthermore, increased light conditions increased both the total number of seedlings and beech seedlings. The results did not clearly indicate that browsing changes the expression of the light and edaphic gradients. There was rather a tendency that the effects of nitrogen availability and pH effect was more pronounced in un-fenced plots on the general number of seedlings and beech seedlings compared to fenced plots. The variable shade index indicated an increased number of beech seedlings with decreasing shade index in un-fenced plots compared to fenced plots. The single effect of fencing on the number of seedlings was not significant in this study but indicated an increase in seedling number in fenced plots.
This research shows tendencies that browsing influences how some edaphic and light gradients are expressed. However, the pattern is not consistent in the created models. The results still show that gradients of light and soil conditions effects natural regeneration. If fencing is implemented, sites which have a high variation of site conditions are expected to yield high variation in tree species regeneration. Research in this field of study is needed to understand how browsing influences natural regeneration expressed by certain site conditions. With a more well-rounded understanding, recommendations to protected areas which struggle with natural regeneration can be given
(Site)lab : a process proposal with a focus on dialogue-oriented, co-creative and prototype-oriented strategies
Full text linkI takt med att globala utmaningar
intensifieras och framtiden blir alltmer osäker
har konventionell stadsplanering visat sig
vara otillräcklig. Traditionella metoder, som
ofta går ut på att tidigt definiera ett slutmål
för att sedan backa och fundera över hur det
ska nås, har svårt att hantera en
oförutsägbar värld. Som ett resultat växer
intresset bland svenska kommuner för mer
utforskande, experimentella och
samskapande planeringsstrategier. Dessa
strategier betonar en dynamisk process där
lokala förutsättningar och medborgarnas
engagemang spelar en central roll.
Denna uppsats belyser potentialen i
dialogbaserade, samskapande och
prototypinriktade strategier för att inspirera
kommuner att integrera dem i
stadsplaneringen. Genom litteraturstudier
och platsanalys identifieras och översätts
potentialen till en processmodell som kallas
(Plats)labb, som sedan exemplifieras genom
en fallstudie av projektet Gamla spåret i
Varbergs kommun. Uppsatsen utforskar
också hur processer likt (Plats)labb kan bidra
till utvecklingsmål på såväl lokal som global
nivå.
Resultaten visar på både möjligheter och
utmaningar, där den sociala dimensionen
spelar en nyckelroll. Potentialen ligger i
förmågan att aktivera platser, stärka deras
attraktivitet, öka flexibiliteten, öka
tryggheten, motverka värdeförlust, sänka
trösklar för deltagande och att planerare och
användare samarbetar. Utmaningarna
omfattar bland annat negativa associationer
till alternativa metoder och risker för
otillräcklig social inkludering.
Ur uppsatsen dras slutsatsen att dessa
processer kan vara mycket värdefulla, men
att framgången är beroende av en
genomtänkt och medveten implementering.
Därför kan denna uppsats ses som ett
verktyg vid implementering som överbryggar
klyftan mellan teori och praktik, genom att
erbjuda ett strukturerat angreppssätt för att
integrera samskapande, prototypdrivna
strategier i stadsplaneringen.As global challenges intensify and the future
becomes increasingly uncertain,
conventional urban planning has proven
insufficient. Traditional methods, which
define an end goal before planning the steps
to achieve it, struggle in an unpredictable
world. As a result, interest in more
exploratory, experimental, and co-creative
planning strategies is growing among
Swedish municipalities. These strategies
emphasize a dynamic process where local
conditions and community engagement play
a central role.
This thesis illustrates the potential of
dialogue-based, co-creative, and prototypeoriented
strategies to inspire municipalities
to integrate them into urban planning.
Through literature studies and site analysis,
the potential is identified and translated into
a development process proposal called
(Plats)labb, exemplified by a case study of
the project Gamla spåret in Varberg, Sweden.
The thesis also explores how such processes
can contribute to development goals, from
local to global levels.
The results highlight both opportunities and
challenges, with the social dimension playing
a key role. The potential lies in the ability to
activate places, strengthen their
attractiveness, increase flexibility, increase
security, counteract loss of values, lower
barriers to participation and that planners
and users collaborate. Challenges include
negative associations with alternative
methods and risks of insufficient social
inclusion, among others.
The thesis concludes that these processes
can be highly valuable, but their success
depends on thoughtful implementation.
Therefore, this thesis can be seen as a tool
for implementation which bridges the gap
between theory and practice by providing a
structured approach to integrating cocreative,
prototype-driven strategies into
urban planning
North Shore : structural proposal for a new district park in Uppsala
Full text linkI den pågående stadsutvecklingen i norra Uppsala behövs fler offentliga parkmiljöer som kan erbjuda en flexibilitet som annars ofta försvinner i förtätade boendemiljöer. En möjlig plats att utforska placering av grönområden är utmed åmiljöer, som ofta utgör till ytan extensiva ”mellanrum” i staden. Den nya stadsdelsparken i Fyrishovsområdet har, i förhållande till andra stadsparker, möjlighet att utforska en mindre kultiverad utformning som skyddar oprogrammerade ytor.
Det här examensarbete undersöker hur en ny stadsdelspark, Norra strand, kan ta vara på de stora öppna ytorna, den centrala placeringen och söderläget, och samtidigt stärka vattenkontakten genom att tillföra nya platser för samvaro, sol och bad. Parkens grönstruktur ska förlänga cykel- och gångstråken längs med ån, stärka den visuella kopplingen mellan stadsdelarna Tuna backar och Börjetull, samt fungera som en entré i norra Uppsala. Förslaget har utformats för att möta dagens och framtidens behov av en park som är långsiktigt hållbar, attraktiv och funktionell.
Strukturförslaget bygger på tanken att olika funktioner i parken ska stärka varandra och skapa platser för rörelse, vila och möten. Inspiration har hämtats från andra stads- och vattennära parkmiljöer. I Norra strand skapas en tydlig struktur genom promenadstråk, flexibla aktivitetsytor, avskilda umgängesplatser och förbättrad kontakt med Fyrisån. Dessutom föreslås lösningar för dagvattenrening för att förbättra Fyrisåns vattenkvalitet.
I arbetet diskuteras också hur befintliga element i området kan bevaras, samtidigt som ett antal nya funktioner föreslås. För att befästa Norra strands identitet i sitt lokala sammanhang, ska utformningen samt materialen i parken inspireras av platsens historia och kulturmiljö.
Det är alltid en avvägning mellan hur programmerad respektive flexibel en stadsdelspark kan vara. Mitt förslag visar att det är möjligt att kombinera ett stort antal funktioner som kräver programmering, samtidigt som parkens kvalitet med öppna ytor bevaras.
Den övergripande metodiken för kunskapsinhämtning, gestaltning och presentation inspireras av den iterativa arbetsprocessen analys genom syntes, som den beskrivs av Jadwiga Krupinska i boken Att skapa det tänkta: en bok för arkitekturintresserade. Tillvägagångssättet präglas av ett skissbaserat arbetssätt där ett flertal olika designlösningar testas. Utöver litteraturstudier har platsbesöken i Fyrishovsområdet varit avgörande för förståelsen av platsen, dess potential och begränsningar. Uppsala kommuns utvecklingsplan Nytt åstråk och stadspark, en del av norra åstråket, har varit en självklar utgångspunkt från arbetets början.
Examensarbetet presenteras i form av nedanstående text med illustrationer, samt fyra planscher i A1-format som visar den övergripande illustrationsplanen, grafik i perspektiv och sektion, samt mer detaljerade nedslag i parkens olika rum.In the ongoing urban development in northern Uppsala, more public green spaces are needed that can offer a flexibility that is otherwise often lost in dense residential environments. One possible place to explore the localization of green spaces is on urban riverfronts, which often constitute extensive ‘gaps’ in the city. The new district park in the Fyrishov area has, in relation to other urban parks, the opportunity to explore a less cultivated design that protects unprogrammed areas.
This thesis examines how a new district park, North Shore, can take advantage of the large open spaces, the central location and the south facing site, and at the same time strengthen the water contact by adding new places for socializing, sunbathing and swimming. The park's green structure will extend the cycle and pedestrian paths along the riverfront, strengthen the visual connection between the neighbourhoods of Tuna backar and Börjetull, and serve as an entrance to northern Uppsala. This proposal has been designed to meet current and future needs for a park that is sustainable, attractive and functional.
The structural proposal is based on idea that different functions in the park will vitalize each other and create places for movement, rest and social interactions. Inspiration has been drawn from other urban and waterfront park environments. In North Shore, a clear structure is created through paths, flexible activity areas, secluded social areas and improved contact with Fyrisån. In addition, solutions for stormwater management are proposed to improve the water quality of Fyrisån.
This thesis also discusses how existing elements in the area can be preserved, while several new functions are proposed. To consolidate the identity of North Shore in its local context, the design and materials in the park will be inspired by the site’s history and cultural heritage.
There is always a trade-off between how programmed and flexible a district park can be. My structural proposal proves that it is possible to combine many functions that require programming, while preserving the park's quality of open spaces.
The overall methodology for knowledge acquisition, design and presentation is inspired by the iterative process analysis through synthesis as described by Jadwiga Krupinska in What an architecture student should know. The approach is characterized by a sketch-based work process where several different design solutions are tested. In addition to literature studies, site visits in the Fyrishov area have been crucial to understanding the site, its potential and limitations. Uppsala Municipality's development plan New River Route and City Park, part of the Northern Riverfront, has been an obvious starting point from the beginning of this work.
The thesis is presented in the form of the following text with illustrations, as well as four posters in A1 format showing the overall structural plan, illustrations in perspective and in section, as well as more detailed views of the park's various spaces
Design of Silverforsen Folkets Park in Kävlinge : proposal for the meeting place of the future
Full text linkI takt med urbaniseringens framväxt ökar behovet av tillgång till grönområden för att stödja människors fysiska och psykiska välmående. Forskning visar att vistelse i naturen erbjuder betydande hälsofördelar, men för att uppnå detta krävs det att parker tillgodoser människors olika behov beroende på ålder och livsstil.
Silverforsen Folkets Park i Kävlinge är en historiskt viktig plats med en naturnära karaktär, men den erbjuder i dagsläget ett begränsat utbud av aktiviteter som engagerar besökare året runt. Målet med det här arbete är att utveckla ett gestaltningsförslag som stärker parkens funktion som en attraktiv och innjudandemötesplats för invånare och besökare året runt. Arbetet utgår från teorier inom affordances och biofilisk design för att skapa en miljö som både främjar social samvaro och är estetiskt tilltalande.
Med hjälp av olika metoder undersöks hur designelement kan stärka social samvaro, rekreation samt kultur- och nöjesliv, samtidigt som parkens historiska och naturnära värden värnas. Studien baseras på en litteraturgenomgång av relevant forskning, intervjuer med parkens ansvariga för att förstå deras visioner, samt en hvisuell analys och kartografisk granskning av platsen för att identifiera dess nuvarande förutsättningar. Ytterligare har ett referens-besök i Malmö Folkets Park gjorts, och en mejlintervju med dess områdesansvariga genomförts som inspirationsunderlag.
Gestaltningsförslaget illustreras genom plan-ritningar, sektionsritningar och detalj-illustrationer som presenterar olika områden i parken. Några av de slutsatser som kunde urskiljas från de utförda metoderna var att behoven hos olika målgrupper skiljer sig avsevärt. För att en utformning ska tillgo-dose behoven föreslås att multifunktionella ytor kan användas där flera aktiviteter och möjligheter möts. Gemensamt för respektive målgrupp var behovet av egna och sociala ytor, en känsla av liv, trygghet och naturin-teraktion, vilket påverkat gestaltningen av parkens offentliga rum.As urbanization increases, so does the need for access to green spaces that support both physical and mental well-being. Research shows that time spent in nature offers signifi-cant health benefits, but to achieve this, parks must cater to diverse needs based on age, lifestyle, and social context.
Silverforsen Folkets Park in Kävlinge is a historically significant site with a strong natural character, but currently lacks a wide range of activities that attract visitors year-round. The aim of this project is to develop a design proposal that strengthens the park’s role as an attractive and inclusive meeting place for residents and visitors throughout all seasons. The work is grounded in theories of affordances and biophilic design to create an environment that fosters both social interac-tion and aesthetic quality.
Using a combination of methods, the study investigates how design elements can support social gatherings, recreation, and cultural or leisure activities, while preserving the park’s historical and natural identity. The study includes a literature review of relevant re-search, interviews with park representatives to understand their vision, as well as a visual and cartographic analysis to identify the site's current conditions. In addition, a site visit to Malmö Folkets Park and an email interview with its management provided further inspi-ration and comparative insights.
The final design proposal is presented through site plans, sections, and detailed illustrations of various park zones. Key find-ings show that the needs of different user groups vary significantly. To accommodate these, the design suggests multifunctional spaces that enable diverse activities to coex-ist. A common thread across user groups was the need for social spaces and a sense of vi-brancy, safety, and connection to nature—el-ements that have shaped the proposed design of the park’s public spaces
AI's impact on the sketching process : potential and challenges of AI in the architecture profession
Full text linkArtificiell intelligens har funnits relativt länge, men det var först när deep-learning-modeller utvecklades som vi kunde börja använda tekniken som vi idag benämner som AI. Då tekniken är relativt ny finns det luckor i kunskapen om praxis för AI, också inom arkitektbranschen. Det område som AI kanske kan påverka mest för arkitekter är skissprocessen. Den är fundamental för alla arkitekter, såväl hus- som landskapsarkitekter. Därför är uppsatsen fokuserad på relationen mellan AI och skissprocess samt vilken potential och utmaningar som finns med AI inom arkitektyrket. Genom en litteraturgenomgång, kvalitativa intervjuer med två husarkitekter och en landskapsarkitektstudent samt ett eget test av det generativa AI-verktyget Midjourney har arbetet undersökt vad som skiljer en traditionell skissprocess (enligt Pirjo Birgerstams teori ”skapande handling” från år 2000), jämfört med en skissprocess med AI. Arbetet identifierar även potential och utmaningar med att använda tekniken under skissprocessen. Ett av de huvudsakliga resultaten från uppsatsen är att skissprocessen kan påverkas under idégenereringsfasen och även när det kommer till varifrån idéerna har sitt ursprung. Ett annat viktigt resultat som framkom var att arkitekten riskerar att tappa känslan för gestaltningen, tappa sitt formspråk när man använder AI då det saknas en letandeprocess bakom designen. Andra resultat från intervjuerna som identifieras som potentialer eller utmaningar jämförs med tidigare studier och annan litteratur. Tillexempel att det kan uppstå problematik kring överföringen av AI-genererat material till andra programvaror senare i processen. Aspekter om hur AI kan påverka arkitektens arbete och närmare beskrivet skissprocessen, lyfts under uppsatsen. Tillexempel att det finns missförstånd inom branschen och en övertro på AI:s förmåga. Det förs en diskussion kring påståendena att AI inte är tillräckligt bra än och att man sparar tid på att använda verktygen. Slutligen presenteras en sammanfattning av potential och utmaningar med att använda AI inom arkitektyrket.Artificial intelligence has existed for a relatively long time. However, it was only with the development of the “deep-learning-models” that the technology we refer to today as “AI” first saw its use. The technology, being relatively new, brings with it a lack of knowledge and expertise for how it is to be best implemented. The architect-business is no different in this regard to any other business. The sketching-process could be the area of an architect's work that is impacted the most. It is fundamental to all architects, including landscape-architects. This relationship between AI and the sketching-process, both when it comes to its possible potential and what challenges it will face whilst working in the creative process, is the focus of this study. Through a literary overview, qualitative interviews with two architects and one landscape-architect student, and a self-test of the generative AI-tool “Midjourney”, this study has aimed to explore the differences between a traditional sketching-process (according to Pirjo Birgerstams theory “skapande handling” from the year 2000), and a sketching-process supported by AI. The study identifies both the possibilities and the challenges faced when using the technology during the sketching-process. One of the main findings from the paper is that the sketching process can be affected during the idea generation phase and also when it comes to where the ideas originate. Another important result that emerged was that the architect risks losing the feeling for the design, losing his design language when using AI as there is no search process behind the design. Other results from the interviews identified as potentials or challenges are compared with previous studies and other literature. For example, there may be problems with the transfer of AI-generated material to other programs later in the process. Aspects of how AI can affect the architect's work and, more specifically, the sketching process, are highlighted during the paper. For example, there are misunderstandings in the field and an overbelief in AI's capabilities. There is a discussion about the claims that AI is not good enough yet and that using the tools saves time. At the end, a summary of the potential and challenges of using AI in the architectural profession is presented
Large herbivores and fire shape divergent woody assemblages in temperate wood-pasture : Experimental effects of large herbivores and fire on the survival of ten temperate woody species in southern Sweden
Full text linkIn temperate Europe, the regrowth of open and semi-open habitats poses a threat to biodiversity, including the survival of light-demanding woody species. This study examines whether large herbivores and fire, individually and in combination, can reduce the survival of ten temperate woody species and thus create and maintain openness in the landscape. Additionally, it investigates whether woody species respond differently to large herbivores and fire regarding survival. Here, the survival rate of 4,800 planted saplings is evaluated in a full-factorial experiment. This study shows that the survival of nearly all tested trees and shrubs was significantly reduced by both large herbivores and fire, individually and in combination. The results indicate that large herbivores and fire not only may create and maintain openness but are also able to shape divergent woody species assemblages in temperate European ecosystems. Species with a significantly higher survival rate in the large herbivore treatment compared to the fire treatment are Picea abies, Carpinus betulus, Fagus sylvatica and Prunus spinosa. In contrast, Betula pendula, Quercus robur, Tilia cordata, Corylus avellana and Viburnum opulus have a significantly higher survival rate in the fire treatment. Hence, the survival rates between the two treatments significantly differed for all species except Pinus sylvestris. The results may also be compared to recent palaeoecological studies, which indicate that Quercus robur and Corylus avellana were also prevalent in the presumably large herbivore-driven last interglacial. This anomaly can be explained by the difference between planting saplings in the experiment and the natural recruitment process of these species in landscapes shaped by large herbivores. Consequently, the aforementioned species can also be a part of woody species assemblages in large herbivore dominated ecosystems. In conclusion, this study provides experimental understanding of how large herbivores and fire shape semi-open wood-pasture conditions, resulting in different woody species assemblages
Influence of localized cooling on microclimatic conditions in a vertical hydroponic system
Full text linkHydroponic production of vegetables is both resource and land efficient which gives the potential to manage some of the worlds many pressing issues, such as water scarcity, shrinking arable land and a need for sustainable food production (Kumar et al. 2024). Several of the United Nations sustainable development goals (SDG’s), for example 2 “Zero hunger” and 13 “climate action”, can be connected to the development and use of hydroponics. This by potentially enhancing food security, especially in places with high environmental stress and in densely populated areas while reducing crop productions climatic impact (Ngcobo et al. 2024). However, these controlled environment productions use a lot of energy consuming elements (Kumar et al. 2024). This is problematic in a world where energy prices are rising and most energy sources come from non-renewable resources (Ritchie et al. 2024). The main energy consumer in hydroponic greenhouse production is heating and cooling (Liantas et al. 2023). In this experiment two vertical hydroponic systems were set up in a temperature regulated growing chamber. One of the systems was integrated with a localized cooling system and one without. The aim was to improve the hydroponic systems performance in terms of productivity and energy use efficiency. This by providing a more beneficial microclimate enhancing plant growth and regulate the temperature on a smaller scale. The chosen crop was the lettuce, Batavia salad 'Lollo Rossa', Lactuca sativa, the chamber was set to 25℃ and the cooling system 17℃ During eight weeks data was collected on microclimatic variables to evaluate the localized cooling system. Statistical tests in the form of a two-way t-test and Pearson’s correlation test were done at the end of the experiment. A statistical difference in fresh and dry weight was registered at the end of the experiment, where the system without the cooling system had higher values in both categories. This was contradictory to the stated hypothesis that implementing localized air distribution in a vertical system would improve its performance in terms of productivity and energy use efficiency. However, no statistical differences were found between the systems regarding temperature measured with data loggers during the growing period, or of the leaf temperature measured with an Infrared (IR) camera. The similarity in temperature between the systems can be explained by the measurements done on the outflow air in the cooling system, also using the IR camera. This showed a rise in temperature from bottom to top, indicating insufficient cooling. The lower fresh weight in the system with the integrated cooling most likely derived from indirect stress factors induced by the constant airflow. This work highlighted the linkage between different growth variables and even if the temperature regulations systems can be modified to lower energy consumption the other parts must also work together to maximize yield and lower the resource use efficiency necessary to achieve sustainability
Mountains in transition : a study and design of sustainable ski area development with a focus on multifunction and low intervention.
Full text linkI det här examensarbetet har alpina skidanläggningar undersökts för att ta reda på hur dessa miljöer kan utvecklas och omformas hållbart med hänsyn till en osäker framtid. Till följd av klimatförändringar och mänsklig inverkan sker omvandlingsprocesser i bergs- och fjällmiljöer, vilket förändrar förutsättningarna för rekreation, djur och natur.
Genom en litteraturstudie, besök på referensanläggningar, olika former av landskapsanalyser och visualiseringar, presenteras en inblick i ämnet och dess historiska utveckling. Målet med det här arbetet har slutligen varit att genom ett utvecklingsförslag exemplifiera och gestalta principer för den planerade exploateringen av Getvalsliften i Åre med tillhörande nedfart.
Resultatet av detta arbete visar bland annat att det finns olika möjligheter för skidanläggningar att utformas och utvecklas på ett hållbart och flerfunktionellt sätt. Det finns också en stor framtida potential för landskapsarkitekter att tillämpa teorier för att både planera, utforma och förvalta dessa miljöer.In this thesis, alpine ski areas have been studied in order to find out how these environments can be sustainably developed and reshaped with regards to an uncertain future. Due to climate change and human induced impact, processes of transformation occur in mountain environments, which alter conditions for recreation, animals and nature.
An insight into the subject and its historical development has been presented through a literature review, visits to reference sites, various types of landscape analysis and visualization methods. The main goal of this thesis has been to exemplify and design principles for the planned development of Getvalen in Åre with connected ski slopes.
The result of this thesis partly shows that there are different possibilities for ski areas to be reshaped and developed in a sustainable and multifunctional way. There is also a great potential for landscape architects to apply theories to both plan, design and manage these environments
A genome-wide association study on resistance to caseous lymphadenitis in Swedish landrace goats
Full text linkPseudotuberkulos, orsakat av bakterien Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis, är en kronisk sjukdom som drabbar getter världen över, inklusive i Sverige. Sjukdomen ger upphov till abscesser i kroppen och orsakar ekonomiska förluster. Ingen effektiv behandling finns mot sjukdomen och vid diagnos rekommenderas avlivning. I den här studien användes genotypdata från 83 svenska lantrasgetter, 13 fall och 70 kontroller, analyserade med GoatSNP50 Illumina chip. En fall-kontroll helgenomstudie utfördes för att identifiera samband mellan SNP och sjuk-domsstatus. Analysen visade att tre SNP, lokaliserade på kromosom 17 och 10, var signifikant associerade med pseudotuberkulos. Vidare identifierades två SNP med P-värden strax över signi-fikansgränsen på kromosom 13 och 18. Bland gener nära ovannämnda SNP identifierades genen CDH1 på kromosom 18, som kodar för proteinet E-cadherin, som mest troligt associerad med pseudotuberkulos. Den här kunskapen om genetisk resistens mot pseudotuberkulos hos get kan i framtiden användas för ökad förståelse om sjukdomen och potentiellt kan avel implementeras för ökad motståndskraft.Caseous lymphadenitis (CLA), caused by the bacterium Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis, is a chronic disease that affects goats all over the world, including in Sweden. The disease gives rise to abscesses in the body and causes economic losses. No effective treatment exists for the disease and after diagnosis euthanasia is recommended. In this study, genotype data from 83 Swedish landrace goats, 13 cases and 70 controls, analyzed with GoatSNP50 Illumina chip were used. A case-control genome-wide association study was performed to identify associations between SNPs and disease status. The analysis identified three SNPs, on chromosomes 17 and 10, that were sig-nificantly associated with CLA. Furthermore, two SNPs with P-values just above the significance limit were identified on chromosomes 13 and 18. Among genes close to above mentioned SNPs, the CDH1 gene on chromosome 18 that codes for the protein E-cadherin, was identified as most likely associated with CLA. This knowledge of genetic resistance to CLA in goats can be used in the future for increased understanding of the disease and potentially can selective breeding be implemented for increased resistance