University of Szeged
SZTE Doktori Értekezések Repozitórium (SZTE Repository of Dissertations)Not a member yet
7511 research outputs found
Sort by
Optimizing microbiome research: A comparative study of laboratory techniques and bioinformatics pipelines
Get PDF
Bridging patient compliance and interpersonal skills in modern orthodontics and in orthodontic education
Get PDFTraditional orthodontic education has historically prioritized technical proficiency, often at the expense of structured training in interpersonal and psychological skills. However, patient compliance, treatment adherence, and overall satisfaction are heavily influenced by communication effectiveness and psychological support. This dissertation synthesizes findings from three interrelated studies to propose an integrated educational framework that combines clinical expertise with psychological and communication training. A randomized controlled trial was conducted to evaluate the impact of expectation management and psychological communication training on orthodontic patient compliance. Additionally, two systematic literature reviews were conducted using PubMed, Cochrane Library, ERIC, and CINAHL, identifying 531 studies on simulation-based training and 526 studies on communication strategies, with 11 and 21 studies included in the final analysis, respectively. The systematic reviews examined psychological and communication strategies in improving patient trust and cooperation, as well as simulation-based methods for refining technical skills in orthodontic education. Findings demonstrated that patients who received structured expectation-setting interventions reported significantly lower treatment-related anxiety (p < .05), higher adherence to prescribed orthodontic regimens (p < .01), and improved satisfaction scores (p < .05) compared to the control group. The systematic review on simulation-based training found that typodonts, 3D models, and virtual reality significantly enhanced students’ technical proficiency, procedural confidence, and diagnostic accuracy. The review on communication strategies demonstrated that motivational interviewing, expectation management, and empathy-based training improved patient adherence, treatment satisfaction, and overall engagement in orthodontic care. Despite these benefits, barriers such as institutional resistance, cost constraints, and faculty training limitations hinder widespread adoption. This dissertation underscores the necessity of integrating communication and simulation-based education within orthodontic curricula to produce well-rounded practitioners capable of both clinical excellence and effective patient engagement. By bridging technical training with psychological and interpersonal competencies, orthodontic programs can better prepare students for the complexities of real-world practice, ultimately improving both professional satisfaction and patient care
Az Aspergillus (Neosartorya) fischeri antifungális fehérje 2 hatásmechanizmusa Candida albicans–ban
Get PDFEgy új diagnosztikai eljárás kifejlesztése bakteriális kórokozók kimutatására rekombináns bakteriofágok segítségével
Get PDFA bankrendszer és a társadalom kapcsolata, avagy a bankrendszer szerepe a fogyasztói társadalom kialakulásában Franciaország II. világháborút követő példáján keresztül
Get PDFLINE-1 retrotransposons in cancer: Investigating human cervical carcinogenesis and developing an innovative transgenic mouse model for measuring somatic LINE-1 activity
Get PDFLINE-1 retrotransposons are the only active transposable elements in the human genome, encoding ORF1 and ORF2 proteins essential for their “copy-and-paste” propagation. These elements entered mammalian genomes ~70 million years ago, co-evolving with species and now constituting 17% of the human genome, with 500,000 copies, of which 100-150 are retrotransposition-competent. LINE-1 contributes to genomic evolution by promoting gene duplications, exon shuffling, and alternative splicing.
Previously, LINE-1 activity was believed to be restricted to the germline. However, immunostaining for ORF1p has shown high LINE-1 expression in carcinomas, while normal tissues exhibit virtually zero LINE-1 activity. Next-generation sequencing confirmed somatic LINE-1 retrotransposition in multiple cancers, with frequencies matching ORF1p positivity rates.
To further investigate its role in cervical carcinogenesis, we analyzed 143 FFPE human cervical specimens, evaluating ORF1p expression against Ki67 and p16 markers. ORF1p was detected in 110 out of 112 neoplastic and dysplastic specimens, whereas 19 of 24 normal cervical samples lacked expression. ORF1p expression progressively increased with advancing CIN (cervical intraepithelial neoplasia) grades: in CIN I, it was limited to the lower epithelial layers, in CIN II, it expanded to the lower two-thirds, and in CIN III and invasive cancer, it showed full-thickness expression. These findings position ORF1p as a promising early diagnostic marker for cervical neoplasia.
LINE-1 not only shaped species evolution but also contributes to tumor evolution by inducing driver mutations. To counteract these effects, somatic cells employ mechanisms to suppress LINE-1 activity. However, epigenetic deregulation, environmental exposures, and oncogenic transformations can compromise these defenses, leading to LINE-1 activation and tumor evolution.
To better understand these mechanisms, we developed an in vivo model to study somatic LINE-1 retrotransposition. The ORFeus reporter system is a synthetic LINE-1 construct linked to an EGFP cassette, specifically designed to measure LINE-1 retrotransposition frequency. We used a non-autonomous ORFeus variant, where ORF1p is encoded within the construct, while ORF2p is supplied endogenously by the host cell. Successful retrotransposition results in EGFP expression, which is inherited by all progeny of the affected cell. We aimed to overcome previous technical limitations of germline transgenic models. Conventional germline transgenesis is unsuitable due to early embryonic retrotransposition, which results in permanent GFP positivity in all progeny cells.
To circumvent this, we introduced the LINE-1 reporter in the liver of Fah-deficient mice, leveraging liver regeneration to create a transgenic organ expressing LINE-1 alongside the Fah therapeutic gene. Using the Sleeping Beauty transposon system, we stably integrated the ORFeus LINE-1 reporter into hepatocytes and monitored LINE-1 activity after exposure to specific chemicals.
While tumor-derived cell lines could theoretically be used to study somatic LINE-1 activity, these cells often have compromised LINE-1 defense mechanisms, making them unreliable for in vivo extrapolation. By developing a somatic transgenic mouse model, we enabled accurate, in vivo measurement of LINE-1 activity, a breakthrough in the study of somatic retrotransposition.
We tested LINE-1 activation using specific chemical exposures. Decitabine, a DNA hypomethylating agent, and FICZ, a microbiome-derived tryptophan metabolite, both increased LINE-1 reporter activation, demonstrating the potential for environmental factors to induce LINE-1 retrotransposition.
Our findings validate this in vivo platform as a novel tool for assessing the genotoxic impact of environmental chemicals, potentially revealing previously unrecognized carcinogenic factors. This approach could shed light on the "black box" of cancer etiology, identifying new risk factors for cancers with unclear origins