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Measurement of the cosmic ray flux by an ArduSiPM-based muon telescope in the framework of the Lab2Go project
Get PDFWithin Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN) outreach ac- tivities, the Lab2Go project is of great significance. Its goal is involving high school teachers and students in several laboratory activities, aiming at increasing the weight of experimental contents in teaching and learning. In this article, we present the measurement, carried out in the framework of the Lab2Go project, of the cosmic muon flux made by an ArduSiPM-based muon telescope
Learning progressions: An overview and how-to guide for researchers in physics education
Get PDFLearning progressions are a well established model in science edu- cation research to represent the learning process. It lies at the heart of the learning progressions the idea that students develop their knowledge of a subject from na ̈ıve conceptions and, through a series of intermediate stages of increasingly sophisticated understanding, come to master a scientifically correct body of knowledge. Starting from a learning progression, it is possible to develop entire curricula and large-scale evaluation tools based on empirical data. We will present a review of the literature on learning progressions and discuss possible implications for research in physics education and teaching practice
An epistemological approach to align physics teaching with the society of acceleration and uncertainty
Get PDFIn this paper, we present an epistemological approach to physics ed- ucation research that was progressively developed to build teaching modules aimed at aligning physics teaching with the society of acceleration and uncertainty. This approach is characterised by the choice to exploit the epistemological richness of physics in order to regenerate disciplinary knowledge, and make the discipline a locus wherein to develop the personal identities and competences needed to nav- igate our current complex society. The approach combines different frameworks, from science education to learning sciences, including the model of educational re- construction, coordination class theory for conceptual change, the meta-theory of boundary for interdisciplinarity, and the family resemblance approach (reconceptu- alised for the nature of science). We first describe the process that led us to outline the approach, before referring to some modules (in particular concerning special relativity, thermodynamics and climate change) to discuss our design principles. Specifically, we will argue how these principles represent a compass to make the epistemology of physics resonate with students’ personal processes of sense-making, as well as grounding in the disciplines the development of sustainability competences such as embracing complexity, envisioning futures and enacting creative thinking
Contrappunti. Parole, immagini e ricerca nel dialogo tra un’antropologa e un fotografo
Get PDFThe article is the result of a dialogue between the two writers, Paola Atzeni and Dario Coletti, that took place during the meeting “Research, words and images between soil and subsoil” organised in Iglesias at the Mining Art Museum on the occasion of Sharper - European Researchers’ Night. The aim of the initiative was to promote the different forms of dissemination and public participation in research. The Mining Museum does not want to be a repository of objects and a mere exhibition space, but a place of research and dialogue. The discussion then continued in other places, in person and at a distance, and is now reported in these pages, focusing on some crucial points of the relationship between ethno anthropological research and documentary photography
The Domus of the Calendar: a qualitative comparison analysis of digital data obtained from 3D laser scanners, SfM methodologies and portable devices
Get PDFData acquisition digital methodologies have become a reliable tool for surveying buildings with heritage values. Laser scanning has become the preferred method for performing 3D digital surveys because of its high accurate results; even though, the cost associated with it is usually high. Emerging technologies have been able to produce low-cost data acquisition methods, and they are currently being incorporated as part of digital survey projects. Using the ‘Domus of the Calendar’ as a case study – an exceptionally unique archaeological and architectural site that was incorporated to the structural foundation system of the basilica of Santa Maria Maggiore – the present investigation aims to evaluate the data quality of two low-cost emerging technologies, namely SfM (Structure from Motion) and the iPad LiDAR system. This evaluation was developed by comparing low-cost technologies data acquisition capabilities with those of the laser scanner. The data for this test was obtained during an integrated survey campaign aimed at executing a critical analysis of the many historical layers of the Santa Maria Maggiore basilica. The results obtained from this investigation highlights the reliability of the different techniques implemented and suggest a useful solution for different and recurrent multi-scalar contexts
Photogrammetry for 3D representation of human remains from the necropolis KR-N1 in Dhofar (Southern Oman): digital technology applied to osteo-archaeological studies
Get PDFThe poorly preserved human bones discovered during the DHOMIAP Project excavation of the necropolis KR-N1 in the area of Khor Rori (Dhofar, Sultanate of Oman) were an opportunity to apply, for the first time in Dhofars pre-Islamic funerary contexts, 3D photogrammetry to osteo-archaeological studies. The low economic engagement and the execution speed make this technique essential in the documentation of barely accessible archaeological remains and contexts, as already witnessed by previous studies conducted outside this research area. This paper aims to find a more appropriate method and setting for 3D model photogrammetric reconstruction of human remains, demonstrating the importance of this digital technology for the study of poorly preserved osteo-archaeological remains. For these purposes, the results obtained using two different settings for image acquisition (one with macro and one with standard lens) were compared and discussed
Sustainability of 3D heritage data: life cycle and impact
Get PDFIn recent years, the exploit of 3D data use in Archaeology and the Cultural Heritage sector in general has caused an exponential multiplication of digital content that can be viewed on the web. Nevertheless, web platforms can display a concerning dualism: on one side some contents are over-represented with the same models uploaded dozens of times even inside the same platform; on the other, the inaccessibility or absence of proper 3D documentation for certain datasets limits the usefulness of the resources. As a result of substantial funding received (mostly from public institutions) and the volume of data produced by each digitization project, the final impacts on the broader scientific community remain limited. Starting from the analysis of data published about EU-funded projects by the European Union Commission on the platform CORDIS, this research approaches the delicate issue of the unsustainability of the current 3D data life cycle. The analysis of 110 selected projects revealed a disturbing pattern: even though the EU provided funds for many projects that approached in different ways 3D data diffusion or sharing, currently only 8 of them made the data accessible
The elephant in the room. Etica delle malattie neglette e della povertà
Get PDFMalattie della povertà, povertà nella malattia
Le malattie, soprattutto se infettive, hanno da sempre accompagnato la storia dell'umanità, modificando profondamente gli assetti economici e condizionato le strutture sociali e l'evoluzione culturale di intere popolazioni. Tutto questo è ancora vero per circa un miliardo di persone colpite da malattie che l'occidente ha oramai dimenticato o che sono endemiche nelle aree tropicali del pianeta. Enormemente favorite dalla povertà, esse sono a loro volta una delle principali cause di povertà e uno dei più insidiosi ostacoli allo sviluppo di enormi aree geografiche dell'Asia, dell'Africa e dell'America Latina. La decisione da parte della stessa Organizzazione Mondiale della Sanità (OMS) di definire "malattie neglette" quelle che prima in termini più descrittivi venivano classificate quali "ulteriori malattie trasmissibili" (other communicable diseases), è frutto di una scelta volta ad evidenziare l'urgenza etica e sociale di attivare strategie operative, di produrre interventi in loco e di indirizzare investimenti per combattere le malattie della povertà. Occorre combattere la povertà per ridurre le malattie, ma occorre anche -disponendo di strategie efficaci- lottare contro le malattie per contrastare la povertà e favorire lo sviluppo.
Il volume è frutto dell’attività di ricerca svolte dal gruppo di ricerca afferente al Centro Interdipartimentale per l’Etica e l’Integrità nella Ricerca (CID Ethics) del CNR per il progetto Centro per la ricerca di nuovi farmaci per le malattie rare, trascurate e della povertà. Il progetto nasce nell’ambito di una convenzione operativa tra il Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR) e il consorzio Collezione Nazionale Composti Chimici e Centro screening (CNCCS). Obiettivo del progetto è quello di sostenere la ricerca, la sperimentazione, l’allocazione e la diffusione di farmaci per le malattie rare, neglette e della povertà. In particolare, le attività di ricerca affidate al Centro sono dedicate all’analisi etica dei bisogni ed esigenze inerenti i gruppi di popolazione maggiormente colpiti e in cui la diffusione delle Neglected Tropical Diseases (NTDs) è endemica, la definizione di principi etici cui orientare gli obiettivi e le metodologie di intervento per la prevenzione, il trattamento e l’eliminazione delle NTDs, nonché alla proposta di indicazioni operative al fine di incentivare lo sviluppo di nuovi farmaci e modelli di governance per la più concreta tutela dei diritti individuali dei malati. Obiettivo del volume è evidenziare il ruolo del principio di equità sia nel definire gli obiettivi e gli strumenti di intervento sia in quanto indicatore dell’eticità dei trattamenti sanitari. Assicurare cure di qualità è elemento cardine del diritto alla salute, alla sicurezza e al rispetto della dignità umana, ormai universalmente riconosciuti quali diritti umani fondamentali