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Modeling and forecasting car ownership based on socio-economic and demographic indicators in Turkey
Get PDFSince car ownership is an important determinant to analyze car travel behavior especially in developing countries, this paper deals with modeling and forecasting car ownership in Turkey based on socio-economic and demographic indicators such as Gross Domestic Product(GDP) per capita, Gasoline Price (GP), car price and number of employees by using multiple nonlinear regression analysis. Although most of
the studies on this subject prefer using annual data, we use monthly data for the analysis of car ownership since all explanatory variables and exchange rates used for the modeling are unstable and vary even in a short period in developing countries such as Turkey. Thus, it may be
possible to reflect the effects of socio-economic and demographic indicators on car ownership more properly. During the modeling process, exponential and polynomial nonlinear regression models are set up and then tested to investigate their applicability for car ownership
forecasting. Based on results of the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, the polynomial models has been selected to forecast car ownership for the year 2035. In order to reveal the possible different trends of the independent variables in future, car ownership is forecasted along the scenarios
which are related to the GDP per capita and GP. Results show that Turkey’s car ownership may vary between 230 and 325 per thousand capita in 2035 depending on economic achievements, global oil prices and national taxation policies. The lowest and the highest values of the car ownership may provide insight to car producers and transport planners in Turkey. Another significant result presented in this study is that
car ownership rate will be substantially lower in Turkey than that in the European Union countries despite it has an increasing trend in the past two decades
Travel Behavior variations across urban and rural areas of Pakistan
Get PDFThis paper examines the 2007 Paksitan national time use survey to report the degree to which the national travel behaviour varies between urban and rural of Pakistan and how it is shaped by the socioeconomic and individual characteristics. Longitudnal anlaysis was performed on 37,830 time use diaries collected in the survey in Stata and the resulting tavel behvaior charactersitics have been examined through houshoeld and individual socioecnomic variables. At the national level, walking remains the dominant mode of daily mobility across the country. Nearly 90 percent of daily travel is done by walk However, the daily trip rate, mode choice and travel durations vary
significantly across urban and rural geographies. Urban residents are slightly less mobile and exhibits greater use of personal automobile than rural residents. Rural residents make 4.6 trips epr day as compared ot 4.4 trips per day of urban residents. Simlary rural population are found to otravel 101 minutes per day as comapred to significantly lower duration of 98 minutes among urban residents. While walking trips usually take same time, mean trip duration by automobiles is also much longer among rural population than urban (42.2 minutes vs 34.1 minutes) These differences become more pronounced across gender and urban women appear to be the least mobile while rural men appear most mobile as apparent form their daily trip rates of 2.6 and 5.7 per perosn, respectively. There exists slight local regional variation across provinces which are closely related to the local social and spatial drivers of mobility. The paper contends that the rural travel differences are mainly caused by difference in income levels. Urban built environment is more conducive to motorized mobility which results in greater automobile reliance in cities, particularly for women. Social and cultural environment also plays potentially significant and spatially explicit role which remains under addressed and calls for further research
Analysis and data acquisition methodology based on flying drones for the implementation of the internet of everything to smart archaeological areas
No full textCultural heritage sites such as places of archaeological interest generally extend over wide areas. Those who manage such sites need to ensure cultural heritage preservation, visitor safety, security and access and need to take into consideration visitors with disabilities.
This fundamental goal is attainable by means of integrated systems and innovative technologies, such as the Internet of Everything (IoE), which can link together people, things (mobile terminals, smart sensors, devices and actuators, wearable devices), information (data, knowledge) and processes.
Since much information is needed to design a suitable IoE-based system, necessary to realize a Smart Archaeological Area, an appropriate methodology has been developed.
The purpose of this article is to report on a suitable analysis and data acquisition method based on flying drones, necessary for the design and realization of such an IoE-based integrated system for archaeological areas. To ensure practicality, reasonable final costs, minimal risk levels and an elevated level of reliability and resilience, we consider the restrictions imposed by a typical archaeological area and use it to assess the system we have developed
Cerebral Vasculitis Complicating Pneumococcal Meningitis
Get PDFIntroduction: Cerebral vasculitis is an uncommon life-threatening complication of community-acquired bacterial meningitis.
Patient and methods: We report the case of a 64-year-old woman with pneumococcal meningitis who developed parainfectious vasculitis causing ischaemic brain damage. Cerebral magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) confirmed the diagnosis. Clinical and radiological recovery after delayed addition of corticosteroid was achieved.
Discussion: This report shows that the onset of neurological deficits following pneumococcal meningitis can be caused by cerebral vasculitis. Underdosing with antibiotics and delayed adjunctive dexamethasone seem to favour this complication. There are no guidelines for treatment but high doses of steroids led to resolution in this case
Iatrogenic Takotsubo Cardiomyopathy Secondary to Norepinephrine by Continuous Infusion for Shock
Get PDFTakotsubo cardiomyopathy is a condition characterized by transient left ventricular systolic and diastolic dysfunction, with a possible direct causal role of catecholamine in its pathophysiology. We present a case of a woman with shock and adrenal insufficiency in whom Takotsubo cardiomyopathy developed after treatment with norepinephrine. This case confirms the direct causal role of catecholamine in the pathophysiology of Takotsubo cardiomyopathy. An 82-year-old woman presented with asthenia, anorexia, nausea and abdominal pain. The patient had been on chronic corticosteroid therapy until 3 months before, when she underwent abdominal surgery and corticosteroids were stopped. She now presented with acute kidney injury, hyponatremia and hyperkalemia and shock. A norepinephrine continuous infusion was administered to maintain a mean arterial pressure over 65 mmHg. An echocardiogram showed severe hypokinesis in the apical segments and hyperdynamic basal segments, with an ejection fraction of 25%. Plasma cortisol level was 4.5 µg/dL (reference range 5-25). Corticosteroid therapy was begun and norepinephrine was tapered and stopped. A new echocardiogram showed normalization of cardiac wall motion and an ejection fraction of 70%. This case highlights the importance of the correction of the cause of shock, as well as the risks associated with the use of norepinephrine if hypotension is severe or if it persists despite fluid administration, as usually recommended. It also confirms the direct causal role of catecholamine in the pathophysiology of Takotsubo cardiomyopathy. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of stress-induced cardiomyopathy secondary to norepinephrine by continuous infusion for shock
Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada disease, a rare entity in Spain: the challenge of worldwide immigration and globalization
Get PDFVogt–Koyanagi–Harada disease is rare, mediated by autoimmune melanocyte inflammation and facilitated by genetic predisposition[1-3]. The main clinical features include uveitis, meningitis, tinnitus and sensorineural deafness, and skin and hair depigmentation. It usually develops in four consecutive stages: prodromal, acute uveitic, convalescent, and chronic or recurrent[4]. In view of the first two stages, the differential diagnosis takes into account uveo-meningeal syndromes. Treatment is based on high dose corticosteroids. We present the case of a 14-year-old girl admitted to hospital with fever, progressive uveo-meningeal symptoms, and sensorineural hearing loss. After work-up, the final diagnosis of Vogt–Koyanagi–Harada disease was made
La condizione giovanile nella città di Latina. Indagine GAP 2017
Get PDFAlla fine dell’a.s. 2016/2017 è stata effettuata un’indagine su tutte le scuole secondarie superiori di
Latina. Lo studio è stato realizzato nell’ambito del progetto GAP del CNR, con lo scopo di
monitorare la condizione giovanile in Italia. Il risultato della ricerca evidenzia alcune peculiarità
della città di Latina, che trovano un riscontro nella sua storia, nella sua cultura e nella
geomorfologia della località pontina. Latina è infatti una città nuova, sorta vicino al mare in una
terra strappata alla palude e popolata inizialmente da persone provenienti da altre zone d’Italia. La
sedimentazione della storia di questa località non è ancora terminata e alcune tracce del processo
di integrazione si possono ritrovare in atteggiamenti, comportamenti e valori dei giovani
adolescenti intervistati
Sport e integrazione sociale. Indagine nelle scuole secondarie di secondo grado in Italia
Get PDFIl rapporto presenta i risultati dello studio condotto dall’Irpps nell’ambito dell’Accordo di programma
tra il Ministero del Lavoro e le Politiche sociali ed il CONI per la promozione delle politiche di
integrazione attraverso lo sport. L’IRPPS ha finora condotto due indagini: la prima realizzata presso
un campione studenti di scuole media e alcuni loro insegnanti; la seconda – cui è dedicato questo
rapporto – ha invece interessato oltre 4000 studenti e 132 docenti in 30 scuole di 10 città italiane.
I temi trattati dall'indagine sono vari; fra questi il livello di pratica sportiva, i valori e i significati
attribuiti dai giovani allo sport, gli stereotipi di genere e etnici nello sport, le relazioni verticali e
orizzontali. I risultati mostrano evidenti differenze di genere nei comportamenti e nelle opinioni dei
giovani così come fra italiani e ragazzi di origine straniera. Questi ultimi, in particolare, mostrano un
livello di pratica sportiva più basso di quello dei nativi.
I risultati ottenuti richiamano all’importanza di analizzare con attenzione l’esperienza dei ragazzi nella
pratica sportiva, le ragioni della (mancata) pratica e il ruolo degli adulti e degli istruttori nel veicolare i
valori dello sport. Le due indagini IRPPS hanno iniziato ad esplorare questi aspetti, che dovranno
essere ulteriormente approfonditi per giungere ad una più compiuta comprensione del ruolo dello
sport come fattore di integrazione nelle società multiculturali