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La conoscenza dell'italiano e i processi di integrazione
Get PDFAmong the social effects of the growth of the immigrant population, what
appears to be the most interesting and full of cultural and political consequences
is represented by the phenomenon of multilingualism. As a result of
foreign immigration, countries – such as Italy – have become countries where
a variety of languages are spoken. The mastery of the language of the country
of reception, however, is essential for the full integration of immigrants in different contexts of society, promoting their cultural, social and economic
integration and becoming more and more often a necessary requirement for
the acquisition of citizenship. In this paper we intend to identify the actual
or self-perceived level of knowledge of the Italian language and the main
characteristics that language learning assumes in the immigrant population
present in Italy. Finally, a special focus will be dedicated to the issue of learning
Italian by immigrant students or students of immigrant origin. To analyse
the phenomenon of multilingualism among people of foreign origin regularly
resident in Italy and their perception of the degree of learning of Italian,
we referred to the survey Condizione e integrazione sociale dei cittadini
stranieri, carried out by istat in 2011-12. In particular, we considered people
born abroad and in Italy, still foreign or naturalized, at least 6 years old at the
time of the survey. Finally, with the information available thanks to the invalsi
evidence, the actual level of knowledge of the Italian language on the part of
immigrant students or students of immigrant origin was verified
Compressive yield stress of depletion gels with variable interaction strength
Get PDFWe studied the stationary sedimentation profiles of colloidal gels in which the arrested phase separation process is driven by depletion forces, obtained by
compressing the samples by either natural or artificial gravity in the range between 6g and 2300g. We found that the rheological properties of these gels display a drastic
change when the particle volume fraction φ exceeds a value φc which barely depends on the strength of the attractive forces. The compressive yield stress Π(φ), in fact, first grows as a power law of φ for φ φc and, then, displays a diverging behavior for larger values of the gel volume fraction, with an asymptotic value similar to the random close packing value for hard spheres. The evidence we collected suggests that φc essentially coincides with the colloid-rich liquid branch of the metastable coexistence line, rather than with an attractive glass line penetrating inside the coexistence region, for which lower φ values, also dependent on the strength of the
interactions, are expected
From chance to the physical laws: Toy models to connect the microscopic and macroscopic understanding of physical phenomena
Get PDFWe propose an educational approach which is useful to present different physical phenomena that can be explained with microscopic and stochastic models and that are often explored by students with simulations based on the launch
of dices. The discussion of the physical principles that rule the phenomena proceeds through a recurrent comparison between the results they obtained with the simulated
models and the results of real experiments. The teaching proposal allows students to compare the experimental data obtained with analytical results and simulations. The effectiveness of our approach has been tested both with groups of university students and with a group of teachers
Most recent T2K results on CPV in neutrino sector
Get PDFThe T2K experiment is a long baseline neutrino oscillation experiment located in Japan, using a neutrino beam generated at J-PARC accelerator complex. The beam may be produced in νμ or ¯νμ mode. The oscillations are studied by measuring neutrino interactions in near detector complex 280 meters from the beam source and in far detector Super-Kamiokande 295 km away. Particularly
interesting aspect of the oscillation analysis is probing the CP violation phase δCP by comparing (νμ → νe) and (¯νμ → ν¯e) appearance probabilities. We present results of the joint oscillation analysis for neutrino and anti-neutrino samples based on total collected statistics of 3.13×1021 POT. CP conservation is excluded at 2 σ level and Normal Hierarchy is preferred with posterior probability of 89%
Psychiatric Symptoms and Benzodiazepine Use Mask a Patent Foramen Ovale-Related Stroke: A Cautionary Tale
Get PDFNeurological and psychiatric diseases often present with overlapping features. Patients are sometimes seen by internal medicine, neurology and psychiatry clinicians and time can be important for determining whether a condition is organic or not. The authors present the case of a 31-year-old woman admitted to the emergency department with altered mental status and incomprehensible speech. She had a previous history of anxiety and smoking and was under therapy with benzodiazepines and combined hormonal contraceptives. After an acute neurological disorder was ruled out, the patient was transferred to the psychiatry department, where she was re-evaluated after 12 hours of observation and benzodiazepine washout. As speech impairment and confusion were still present, she was transferred to the Stroke Unit. A bilateral thalamic lesion containing a small focal haemorrhage and a moderate grade right-to-left shunt were identified. A patent foramen ovale was confirmed leading to the final diagnosis of acute ischaemic infarction secondary to a paradoxical embolism. Medical therapy was preferred over percutaneous closure. Risk factors were removed (smoking and hormonal contraceptives), and after the patient recovered completely acetylsalicylic acid 100 mg daily was initiated
Olmesartan: A Little-Known Cause of Diarrhoea
Get PDFOlmesartan´s sprue-like enteropathy was first described in 2012 and typically presents with diarrhoea, weight loss, nausea, vomiting,
low albumin and histological evidence of intestinal villous atrophy. Coeliac disease is one of the main differential diagnoses and should be
excluded. We present the clinical case of a 63-year-old man treated with olmesartan for 10 years who presented with a 2-month history of
diarrhoea and was diagnosed with olmesartan´s enteropathy. This case highlights the need for clinical suspicion of this new entity in order
to reduce the associated morbidity and unnecessary costly investigations
Unusual Pneumonia Mimic
Get PDFDisease in atypical organ locations can mimic other pathologies, hampering the right diagnosis. Such conditions may even be emergencies, like appendicitis. Subhepatic appendix is a very rare entity which may be caused by caecum dehiscence failure. The authors present the case of a 55-year-old immunocompetent man admitted to the Emergency Department with sepsis and severe hypoxaemia. Chest x-ray showed right lower lobe infiltrate, and community-acquired pneumonia was diagnosed. The patient was started on broad-spectrum antibiotics, but he continued to deteriorate and after 3 days developed abdominal complaints. Exploratory laparoscopy revealed an abscess caused by perforated subhepatic appendicitis.
Subhepatic appendicitis presents a diagnostic challenge and its clinical presentation may mimic that of other entities. This case highlights an atypical presentation, where the early development of inflammatory lung injury mimicked common pneumonia. Maintenance of a high index of suspicion and knowledge of these atypical locations is crucial
Hiccups and Inappropriate ADH Secretion Syndrome as Presentations of Tick-Borne Disease
Get PDFTick-borne diseases (Lyme disease and tick-borne encephalitis) are becoming a major public health concern. Rapid and correct diagnosis is crucial for complicated cases but is often delayed because of low suspicion or unusual clinical presentation. In this paper the authors describe two atypical presentations of Lyme disease and tick-borne encephalitis in order to help clinicians resolve diagnostic challenges
Spontaneous Rupture of a Pseudoaneurysm of the Right Hepatic Artery Causing Massive Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding
Get PDFWe describe the case of an 84-year-old woman who presented with right lower chest pain, anaemia and newly deranged liver function which
was followed by massive upper gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding with no source of bleeding found on upper GI endoscopy. CT angiography of
the GI tract confirmed rupture of a pseudoaneurysm of the right hepatic artery (RHA) that was treated successfully with trans-arterial
embolization of the RHA