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Flavour and collider signals from a singly charged scalar
No full textA singly charged SU(2)L scalar singlet can only have flavour offdiagonal couplings to neutrinos and charged leptons and therefore necessarily violates lepton flavour (universality) (LF(U)). We study its phenomenology in light of the hints for LFU violation emerging from the measurements of τ → μνν/τ ¯ (μ) → eνν¯ and from the discrepancies between the different determinations of Vus, the so called “Cabibbo-Angle Anomaly”. Interestingly, the singly charged scalar has only three free couplings and is therefore very predictive: it violates LF(U), leads to a positive definite effect in l → l' νν¯ , as preferred by data, and allows us to make predictions for radiative lepton decays and 3-body charged lepton decays. Finally, we look at the collider bounds, recasting ATLAS searches for sleptons and dark matter searches with mono-photon signatures at LEP. Even though these bounds are not yet competitive with flavour bounds, they can be significantly improved at future e+e− colliders. In fact, we find that FCC-hh projections push the predicted value for Br[τ → eμμ] towards the region observable by BELLE II and FCC-ee, providing a prime example of complementarity between low energy precision experiments and direct searches for N
Treatment with Delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol/cannabidiol in Multiple Sclerosis: Influence on the Autonomy Profile according to the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health
Get PDFMultiple sclerosis (MS) is the most common cause of non-traumatic neurological disability in young adults. It has effects at different levels: physical, emotional, psychological, cognitive and social, with a great variety of signs and symptoms. In particular, spasticity contributes to reducing the motor performance of patients with MS, causing pain, reduction in distance walked and limitations in social life. We present the case of a 39-year-old woman with MS. She was treated with delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol/cannabidiol and the outcome was assessed with the International Classification of Functioning Disability and Health core set framework
Latest results from the CUORE experiment
No full textThe Cryogenic Underground Observatory for Rare Events (CUORE) is a tonne-scale experiment located at the Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso that exploits the bolometric technique to search for neutrinoless double beta (0νββ) decay of 130Te. Its detector consists of an array of 988 natural TeO2 crystals grouped into 19 towers. With a total active mass of 742 kg (∼206 kg of 130Te), CUORE is kept at a very low temperature (∼10 mK) by means of a powerful custom made dilution refrigerator. Data taking started at the beginning of 2017. Following several optimization campaigns in 2018 and early 2019, CUORE is currently in stable operating mode. After a brief introduction on the 0νββ decay mechanism and the CUORE detector, we focus on the second CUORE 0νββ result attained with an accumulated exposure of 372.5 kg · yr and a median exclusion sensitivity of 1.7 · 1025 yr. No evidence of 0νββ signal was observed and a lower limit of 3.2 · 1025 yr at the 90% Credibility Interval (C.I.) on the 130Te half-life for this process was set. Finally, we discuss a new measurement of the 130Te 2νββ half-life obtained with an improved model of CUORE background and present the CUORE future perspectives
Perianal Plasmablastic Lymphoma Masquerading as a Buschke-Löwenstein-like Tumour in an HIV-infected Patient with Recurrent Anal Condyloma
Get PDFPlasmablastic lymphoma (PBL) commonly presents as a primary (de novo) oral or extraoral mucocutaneous or nodal mass lesion in patients with HIV/AIDS. PBL developing as a secondary malignancy at the same location as a pre-existing tumour is extremely rare and has never
been reported in association with longstanding or recurrent anal condyloma. A Buschke-Löwenstein tumour is a rare gigantic, locally destructive condyloma that is usually located in the anogenital region. We report a case of a diagnostically and therapeutically challenging
PBL that presented as a rapidly enlarging mass underlying a giant condyloma, thereby mimicking a benign Buschke-Löwenstein tumour. Clinical suspicion was further masked by the co-presence of fistulae in ano and adjacent abscess pockets at the time of diagnosis. By the
time of final diagnosis, the lymphoma had disseminated to regional lymph nodes, a month later to pleural cavities and 4 months later to the leptomeninges and bilateral kidneys, leading to permanent deferral of chemotherapeutic intervention
Electromagnetic simulations of plasma chambers in ECR ion sources: Unconventional designs and microwave injection
No full textThe design of resonant cavities and the related microwaves injection lines play a key role in the creation of intense electromagnetic fields, to generate and sustain the magnetized plasma inside Electron Cyclotron Resonance Ion
Sources (ECRIS). This paper presents an innovative geometry, as an alternative to the conventional cylindrically shaped plasma chamber, whose aim is the improvement of the microwave-to-plasma coupling inside ECRIS. The geometry has been numerically validated by joining COMSOL MultiphysicsR , for the calculation of the electromagnetic fields, and MatLabR to implement the plasma through its 3D dielectric tensor. The results are very promising and could be applied to any ECRIS or, in general, magnetic trap
Plasmonic and interband excitations of Au nanoparticles lead to different relaxation pathways
No full textThedirect assessment of the ultrafast temperature evolution of metallic nano-objects irradiated by a laser pulse is extremely challenging. The static thermo-optical response of plasmonic systems can be exploited as an effective spectroscopic tool to measure the temperature of impulsively excited systems after electrons and phonons have thermalized. This work shows measurements of the relaxation dynamics of ensembles of gold nanoparticles irradiated with laser pulses having two distinct photon energies, one falling within the interband transition spectral region, the other matching the plasmonic resonance. The dynamic response of these metallic nanoparticles depends on the energy of the exciting radiation
Random telegraph noise investigation in irradiated digital SiPMs
No full textDigital SiPM is a very attractive solution for single-photon detection due to its excellent timing resolution and the additional pixel circuitry capability for signal processing. Possible applications often require the device to be operated in a high-radiation environment. In this work, we investigate the degradation of the device performances after irradiation with protons. We report on the increase of the dark count rate level and the random telegraph noise occurrence, i.e., the discrete switching of the dark count rate between two or more values. Results have been compared with the most accurate models proposed in the literature
A detailed analysis of PSR J2021+4026, the first variable gamma-ray pulsar
No full textWe present a novel Fermi-LAT analysis of PSR J2021+4026, the first variable γ-ray pulsar. With a maximum likelihood fit, we measure variations in the γ-ray flux and spectral parameters of the source on different timescales. We study the evolution of the rotational parameters and test a simple model that relates spin-down variations to jumps in the γ-ray flux. This preliminary work underlines the importance of the variability analysis to understand pulsar magnetospheres
Auroral oval layers detection by using CSES plasma and electric field data
No full textIonospheric medium fluctuations are detected at various spatial and temporal scales. Plasma irregularities encountered crossing high latitude current systems can be extremely thin and, therefore, unlikely to identify with standard detectors. This work aims to show plasma layer features obtained by electric field instrument on-board the Chinese Seismo Electromagnetic Satellite while crossing the equatorward boundary of the auroral oval allowing the characterization of its various layer. In addition, we made the multi-scale statistical analysis in order to describe the fluctuations of the ionospheric medium
Potential therapeutic use of magnetic nanocarriers in brain tumors
No full textNanobubbles with polymeric membrane containing fluids with high oxygen solubility and able to deliver drugs can be stably coated with superparamagnetic iron oxides nanoparticles (SPIONs) and acquire suitable magnetic properties to allow driving toward targeted tissues by magnetic fields generated by external permanent magnets. Tumors close to the walls of the cerebral ventricles could be reached by nanobubbles injected into the cerebrospinal fluid and properly guided, in order to release locally their contents in a sustained and continuous manner, allowing the optimization of the radio-chemotherapy treatment of these aggressive tumor forms. To validate this approach, a laboratory setup aimed to simulate the brain environment and supported by in silico modelling of magnetic fields is proposed