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Decision making & educational leadership: Comprehensive systematic review
No full textThis Systematic Literature Review (SLR) examines contemporary research on decision-making and educational leadership, focusing on studies from 2022 to 2024. The study addresses the increasing complexity of educational leadership by investigating key themes that impact leadership effectiveness in dynamic environments. A comprehensive search was conducted across Scopus, Web of Science (WoS), and ERIC databases, yielding a final dataset of 32 primary studies analyzed under the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) framework. The findings are organized into three major themes: (1) Leadership Skills and Professional Development, highlighting the competencies and training needed for effective decision-making; (2) Crisis Leadership and Adaptation, emphasizing the adaptability, communication skills, and resilience required to lead during challenging times; and (3) Inclusive and Data-Driven Decision-Making, which highlights the role of technology and collaborative approaches in fostering inclusivity and optimizing resource use. Quantitative analysis indicates that approximately 55% of the studies reported a significant link between data-driven decision-making and improved institutional outcomes, while 48% emphasized emotional intelligence as essential for managing crises. The review concludes that a multifaceted approach integrating professional skills, crisis adaptability, and inclusive, data-informed strategies is crucial for effective educational leadership. These insights provide valuable implications for policymakers and practitioners aiming to enhance leadership frameworks, suggesting that modern educational leaders must balance analytical and emotional competencies to meet diverse institutional demands effectively
Ai meets pedagogy: Designing an ADDIE-framed mobile application for ESL teacher empowerment
No full textThe research investigates the creation of a mobile learning system enhanced with AI to improve ESL reading comprehension instruction for upper-primary Malaysian teachers. The researchers designed a mobile app based on ADDIE (Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, Evaluation) instructional design using the FlutterFlow low-code platform. Through its mobile-based structure, the developed application delivers teachers extensive tools to deliver differentiated reading comprehension teaching utilising flashcards, lesson plans and reading texts customised to match various CEFR proficiency levels, together with teaching instructions and videos and worksheets. Twelve upper-primary ESL teachers in Malaysia used open-ended feedback to enable various AI platforms to generate media content for the mobile app. The assessment of teaching staff exposed their struggles with delivering active and adjustable reading comprehension lessons while showing interest in mobile-based learning materials that are accessible to teachers. The pedagogical along functional quality of the mobile app was ensured through a two-step evaluation process. ESL professionals reviewed the educational content to verify correct implementation of the Common European Framework of Reference (CEFR), cultural sensitivities and instruction logical sequence. The usability testing involved three potential users who examined how intuitive the design was while they checked the practicality and flexibility of the available resources. The mobile application works to solve these challenges through artificial intelligence functions, which enable custom learning materials and content automation and lesson schedule optimisation. This research inquiry adds to existing academic knowledge about combining AI technologies into present-day language learning education systems. The research presents applicable recommendations for teachers and instructional designers, and policymakers who want to advance ESL instruction quality and access by using technology-based innovative methods
Yan Ping’s artwork from semantic perspectives
No full textYan Ping is a Chinese painter. The most used paint medium is oil paint, and he was a pioneer in oil painting in the country. His dynamic and colour-filled paintwork stood out to be his identity. This study was done to identify the meaning that Yan Ping wanted to convey. The method of analyzing works is carried out through a semantic approach that emphasizes the implicit meaning by using visual images. Yan Ping is smart in applying meaningful images in his work. With his artistic style, this makes his oil paintings are well-respected and sell at a high price
Employing a decision support system (DSS) with the checklist method to improve small retailers’ locational decisions
No full textChoosing the right location is vital for small retailers, as it significantly influences visibility, customer access, and long-term profitability. Traditional location selection methods rely on limited data, which may lead to less-than-ideal outcomes. This paper examines how integrating the Checklist Method (CM) with a web-based Decision Support System (DSS) may improve locational decision making for small retailers in Malaysia. Many small retailers still need help making data-driven decisions despite online tools and technology availability. A DSS application enables retailers to evaluate potential locations against a comprehensive predefined criterion, resulting in more objective and strategic choices. By combining the CM with a DSS, small retailers gain a practical framework that empowers them to make informed and strategic location choices. The findings highlight the significant advantages of this integrated approach, demonstrating its potential to convert the retail location selection process across diverse market contexts, even in an era where online technology is readily accessible
MRI‑based texture analysis for breast cancer subtype classification in a multi‑ethnic population
No full textBreast cancer, the most prevalent cancer among women globally, is classified into molecular subtypes (luminal, HER2-enriched, and triple-negative) to guide treatment and prognosis. Traditional subtyping methods, such as gene profiling and immunohistochemistry, are invasive and limited by intratumoural heterogeneity. MRI radiomics analysis offers a non-invasive alternative by extracting quantitative imaging features, yet its application in diverse, multi-ethnic populations remains underexplored. This study aimed to identify predictive radiomic features from multiple MRI sequences to classify breast cancer subtypes, compare the performance of four MRI sequences, and determine the optimal machine learning (ML) model for this task. A total of 162 retrospective breast cancer MRI cases were semi-automatically segmented, and 256 radiomic features were extracted. A multimodal ML framework integrating random forest and recursive feature elimination was developed to identify the most predictive features based on the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC). Key predictive features included age, tumour size, margin characteristics, and intensity patterns within the tumour. Among MRI sequences, inversion recovery and T1 post-contrast performed best for subtyping. In addition, texture-based ML models effectively emulated visual assessment, demonstrating the potential of radiomics in non-invasive breast cancer subtyping. With the top ten features, the AUROC values are 0.735, 0.630, and 0.747 for luminal, HER2-enriched, and triplenegative, respectively. These findings highlight the role of MRI-based texture features and advanced ML in enhancing breast cancer diagnosis, offering a non-invasive tool for personalised treatment planning while complementing existing clinical workflows
The effectiveness of group cbt module in alleviating body dissatisfaction, anxiety, and self-esteem issues in adolescents
No full textThisstudy examines the efficacy of a Cognitive Behavioural Group Counselling Intervention Module in addressing body image dissatisfaction, anxiety, and self-esteem, specifically among adolescents which can have a substantial impact on their mental well-being. Excessive preoccupation with achieving a desired weight and physical appearance can result in the development of depression, eating disorders, and social difficulties. 20 psychology education students took part in this study. They utilised various instruments including the multidimensional body self-relations questionnaire-appearance scale, physical appearance state and trait anxiety scale, and body esteem scale for adolescents and adults. Results of module 0.897 show that the Cognitive Behavioral Group Counselling Intervention Module has high validity and reliability indicating that this intervention module has the potential to assist individuals in altering their assumptions and beliefs related to dissatisfaction with their self-image, specifically to their physical appearance. Additionally, the results of the three variables also show a significant difference between pre and post treatment with p<0.05
Pengetahuan guru terhadap penggunaan kecerdasan buatan dalam pengajaran sains di sekolah menengah daerah Penampang Sabah
No full textPerkembangan pesat teknologi kecerdasan buatan telah mewujudkan satu dimensi pengajaran dan pembelajaran baharu yang bersifat fleksibel dan interaktif. Namun, kajian lepas mengesahkan pengetahuan guru berkaitan penggunaan teknologi tersebut masih pada tahap minima. Justeru, kajian ini bertujuan untuk mengenal pasti tahap pengetahuan teknologi, pengetahuan teknologi kandungan, pengetahuan teknologi pedagogi dan pengetahuan teknologi pedagogi kandungan terhadap penggunaan kecerdasan buatan dalam pengajaran sains di 7 buah sekolah menengah di daerah Penampang, Sabah. Kajian ini melibatkan seramai 62 orang guru sains dan menggunakan reka bentuk kajian kuantitatif secara tinjauan. Data diperolehi menerusi instrumen Soal Selidik Pengetahuan Guru (SSPe) dan analisis statistik deskriptif dijalankan menerusi perisian Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) version 29.0. Analisis deskriptif menunjukkan pengetahuan teknologi pedagogi kandungan (TPACK) dikenalpasti pada tahap yang paling rendah (M= 2.31, SP = .663). Sebaliknya, pengetahuan teknologi guru terhadap penggunaan kecerdasan buatan dalam pengajaran sains adalah pada tahap tinggi (M = 3.83, SD = .395). Selain itu, hasil dapatan kajian juga mengesahkan tahap pengetahuan guru novis adalah lebih tinggi berbanding tahap pengetahuan guru berpengalaman. Implikasinya, aspek pengetahuan guru khususnya pengetahuan teknologi pedagogi kandungan perlu diperkasakan, bagi menggalakkan penggunaan teknologi digital secara bersepadu, kreatif dan inovatif, seiring dengan matlamat Dasar Pendidikan Digital (DPD)
Crafting joy: A phenomenological study of happiness among Malaysian University students
No full textThis study investigates the elusive concept of happiness, a fundamental yet incompletely understood aspect of human experience. Focusing on university students' perspectives, this research aims to shed light on what constitutes happiness. A qualitative methodology was employed, involving interviews with 15 students from a Malaysian public university. The data was analyzed using an interpretivist phenomenological approach, facilitating a deeper understanding of students' subjective experiences and perceptions. The findings reveal two central themes in the students' views of happiness. The first theme emphasizes the individual's role in crafting their happiness, highlighting the significance of personal agency and introspection in defining what happiness means on a personal level. The second theme underscores society's role in fostering individual well-being, encompassing aspects such as providing peace and freedom, reducing stress, and supporting individuals within the community. This research offers both theoretical and practical insights. On a theoretical level, it enriches the existing discourse on happiness, expanding our understanding of this vital human pursuit. Practically, the findings have implications for policies and strategies in education, community development, and psychology aimed at promoting well-being. In the field of psychology, these insights can inform therapeutic approaches and interventions designed to enhance individual and collective happiness. In conclusion, this study provides a valuable perspective on happiness from Malaysian university students, enhancing our comprehension of this complex and significant aspect of human life
A mediating analysis of mental health impacts in the relationship of digital device and digital communication with academic performance
No full textIn this digital era, smartphones and social media play an irreplaceable role in the lives of youth. Whether for studying, entertaining, or relaxing, they serve various purposes as needed. This study analyzes the relationship between digital devices and digital communication with mental health and academic performance, along with mediating variables such as CGPA, smartphone and social media usage habits, and current mental states. Seven variables and a sample size of 104 were collected to identify how smartphone and social media usage habits affect the mental state of youth as well as their academic performance. Pearson Correlation and mediating analysis (PROCESS MACRO) were used to analyze the sampled data to find relationships between the variables. This research highlights the relationship between smartphone and social media usage and the mental health states of youth and their academic performance. The results of the Pearson Correlation and Mediating Analysis have shown that 10 of the hypotheses are accepted and 8 of the hypotheses are rejected. This study significantly contributes to understanding of the impact of excessive digital usage on youth mental health in Malaysia, providing crucial insights for future research
The university students' perception towards the use of Kadazandusun language in Malaysia
No full textThe Kadazandusun language is the language of the largest indigenous groups in Sabah, Malaysia. This study applied Spolsky’s theory of language management (2004, 2009) to study the perception of the university students towards the usage of Kadazandusun language in Malaysia. The language ideology, language practice and language management are three important independent and interrelated components in theory of language management (Spolsky, 2009). One of the local universities in Malaysia served as the research site of the study. A survey using e-questionnaire was conducted. 37 year-one undergraduate students were the respondents of the study. The findings of the study showed that: i) more than 80 percent of the students would like to learn the languages from oversea ii) about 80 percent of student respondents perceived the Kadazandusun language as the language reflecting the Kadazandusun’s ethnicity identity, iii) by learning the Kadazandusun language will ease the respondents to interact with Kadazandusun communities and iv) the Kadazandusun language is most used as the verbal communication language in the public domain. The researchers of the study suggest that the visibility of the written Kadazandusun language to be improved to upgrade the use of written language in the country