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Valorisation of hybrid grouper bone gelatine: identifcation and in silico analysis of novel ace‑inhibitory and antioxidant peptides obtained via ultrafltration
No full textPurpose Bioactive peptides derived from fsh waste have attracted signifcant research interest in recent years because of their wide-ranging benefts, such as antioxidant, antihypertensive, and antimicrobial properties. This research aimed to generate dual-function peptides (ACE-inhibitory and antioxidant) from gelatine extracted from the bones of hybrid grouper via Alcalase hydrolysis. The antihypertensive and antioxidant efects are the most extensively investigated, with both exhibiting synergistic impact on cardiovascular health. Methods The Alcalase-treated bone gelatine hydrolysate was subjected to ultrafltration. The fractions were analysed for ACE-inhibitory and antioxidant activities. The peptide sequences of the potent fraction were identifed and subjected to in vitro gastrointestinal digestion. Results The Alcalase-treated bone gelatine hydrolysate demonstrated stronger ACE-inhibitory and antioxidant capacities than did the unhydrolysed bone gelatine. Fractionation of bone gelatine hydrolysate via ultrafltration yielded four fractions of varying molecular weights. The fraction containing peptides less than 1 kDa in size (ABGH-IV) presented the highest ACE-inhibitory and ferrous chelating activities (P<0.05), whereas the fraction with peptides greater than 5 kDa in size (ABGH-I) presented greater hydroxyl radical scavenging and reducing power (P<0.05). Notably, ABGH-IV demonstrated a greater ACE-inhibitory efect than PeptACE (an established commercial antihypertensive supplement). Seventy-fve novel ACE-inhibitory and antioxidant peptides were identifed in ABGH-IV, 11 of which were predicted to be highly active based on Peptide Ranker. These newly discovered peptides demonstrated stability against in vitro gastrointestinal digestion and resistance to ACE breakdown, suggesting their potential as natural ACE-inhibitor and antioxidants. Conclusion This study shows the potential of novel peptides isolated from hybrid grouper bone gelatine act against hypertension and oxidative stress
From likes to loyalty: A netnographic study on trust-building in influencer-audience interactions on social media
No full textThis study explores the key themes of trust-building in influenceraudience interactions on social media using a netnographic study. Living netnography explores trust-building, not just based on the actual posting in the social media, but through spiritual paradigm, that might construct the reality and values of trust. The analysis draws on three weeks of observational data from Instagram, YouTube, Twitter, and TikTok, focusing on three influencers from different cultural and regional backgrounds. By lurking at the audiences’ comments and emojis on the influencer’s posting, this study provides five clusters of trust-building based on relevant codes emerged from the data. The findings suggest authenticity, emotional engagement, responsiveness, economic inclusivity and religiosity have explained the meaning of trust. By integrating theoretical and practical insights, the study provides a schematic framework for fostering trust in influencer marketing, highlighting the importance of cultural values in digital environment from the non-Western context perspective
Machine learning approaches for malware classification in android platform: a review
Get PDFThe rapid growth of Android applications has led to a continuous influx of Android malware. Numerous research has been undertaken to tackle that issue. Existing research has indicated that leveraging machine learning is a highly effective and promising approach for Android malware detection. This paper presents a review of Android malware detection methodologies that rely on machine learning. We commence by providing a brief overview of the background context related to Android applications, including insights into the Android system architecture, security mechanisms, and the categorization of Android malware. Subsequently, with machine learning as the central focus, we methodically examine and condense the current state of research, encompassing crucial perspectives such as sample acquisition, data preprocessing, feature selection, machine learning models, algorithms, and the assessment of detection effectiveness. The aim of this review is to equip scholars with a holistic understanding of Android malware detection through the lens of machine learning. It is intended to serve as a foundational resource for future researchers embarking on new endeavours in this field, while also providing overarching guidance for research endeavours within the broader domain
AB-470. A double positive antibody: A case report on Guillain-Barré syndrome with positive anti-GT1a and anti-GQ1b ganglioside antibody
No full textGuillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) is an immune mediated peripheral polyneuropathy characterised by acute onset ascending symmetrical muscle weakness with or without bulbar involvement. Recently, anti-ganglioside antibodies played a major role in the pathophysiology and often closely related to the clinical phenotypes and specific manifestations of the condition. The presence of anti-GQ1b antibody is associated with ophthalmoplegia and ataxia in patient with Miller Fischer variant. This is because GQ1b gangliosides are densely localized in the paranodal regions of the oculomotor nerves and in the subpopulation of large neurons in the dorsal root ganglia. GT1a gangliosides on the other hand have been abundantly found in glossopharyngeal and vagal nerves. Therefore, monospecific anti-GT1a antibody which does not cross-react with anti-GQ1b was found to be highly related with bulbar palsy. However, anti-GQ1b and anti GT1a antibodies that cross-reactive to each other is not often reported. Here, we report a case of a case with predominant cranial nerves and sensory involvement and relatively sparring the motor component
Elevating entrepreneurial satisfaction among young entrepreneurs through entrepreneurial education, economic literacy, adversity quotient, and creativity
No full textThis study investigates the impact of entrepreneurial education, economic literacy, adversity quotient, and entrepreneurial creativity on the entrepreneurial satisfaction of young entrepreneurs in Indonesia. Using a quantitative approach with Structural Equation Modeling (SEM), the study surveyed 314 young entrepreneurs across various sectors. The findings reveal that entrepreneurial education significantly enhances economic literacy, adversity quotient, and creativity, all of which contribute positively to entrepreneurial satisfaction. Economic literacy and adversity quotient were found to be crucial in fostering creativity, leading to higher satisfaction levels among entrepreneurs. The study highlights the importance of integrating economic literacy and problem-solving skills into entrepreneurship education programs to better equip young entrepreneurs for business challenges. The results contribute to the literature by expanding the understanding of the relationship between these variables in the context of Indonesian entrepreneurship. Practical implications suggest that educational institutions and policymakers should focus on developing comprehensive entrepreneurship programs that include economic literacy and resilience-building components
The usage of financial services among Malaysian SMEs: an exploratory study
No full textThe present qualitative investigation explores in depth the way in which financial services are utilized by SMEs in Malaysia. Financial services are economic packages utilized by SMEs in their routine financial operation. While prior research has reasonably documented the types of financial services used by SMEs, little is known about the precise mechanisms and decision-making processes of how those services are employed. An exploratory qualitative study was conducted to interview 13 SMEs owners in Sabah, Malaysia. Through connectivity and categorical analysis, the results derived 134 different codes and nine categorized themes, which reveal in detail managerial practices of how precisely financial services are put into the financial administration of SMEs. The findings have theoretical implications for the field of financial management. They constitute conceptual grounded insights that expand our understanding of how SMEs behave financially, and how those practices can directly improve their efficiency and performance. The results have also relevant implications for practice. SMEs managers can replicate the qualitative insights to improve their financial operation. Banks and policy makers can use the feedback from SMEs to improve the development of financial services. The categorized qualitative themes represent a starting point for future qualitative and quantitative research as potential constructs to amplify them and test their impact on SMEs performance
Harnessing visible light for sustainable biodiesel production with Ni/Si/MgO photocatalyst
No full textSustainable energy sources frequently demonstrate greater reliability and resilience in comparison to conventional energy sources. Biodiesel, with its markedly reduced carbon footprint when compared to petroleum-based diesel fuel, owes this advantage to its production from renewable resources. Heterojunction photocatalysts have gained significant interest due to their immense promise in tackling environmental challenges. In this study, a highly efficient photocatalyst, Ni/Si/MgO, for biodiesel production under visible light irradiation was synthesized using a solid-phase reaction method with silica as the silicon source, along with Ni and MgO. The surface functionality of Ni/Si/MgO was crucial for achieving high efficiency of photocatalytic systems, as evident from XPS. The transesterification reaction on the Ni/Si/MgO photocatalyst proceeds by the formation of SiH and SiOH bonds over the catalyst. The photocatalytic activities of Ni/Si/MgO photocatalysts were higher than those of the Si/MgO nanoparticle when exposed to light. Achieving an optimal yield of 98 %, the biodiesel production was carried out under the following reaction conditions: A catalyst dosage of 2 % by weight was utilized, along with a methanol-to-oil molar ratio of 12:1, and the entire procedure was executed within a duration of 3.5 h. Plasmonic near-fields are speculated to be responsible for the increased transesterification activity along the Ni/Si/MgO interface. In order to carry out the transesterification reaction, electron-hole pairs are generated along the Ni/Si/MgO interface, where plasmonic near-fields are highly concentrated. This study contributes a significant perspective on mechanisms governing the process of efficient plasmonic photocatalysis responsive to visible light. These findings hold the potential to offer valuable guidance in the formulation and design of next-generation, high-performance photocatalysts
Trade openness and carbon emissions using threshold approach: Evidence from selected Asian countries
No full textUsing the threshold approach, this study provides new insights into the correlation between trade openness and carbon emissions in a sample of Asian countries. The sample includes 22 Asian countries covering the period from 2000 to 2019. The empirical results demonstrate the existence of a threshold effect in terms of trade openness and its relationship with carbon emissions. In particular, the study shows that trade openness has a positive effect on carbon emissions only until a certain threshold is reached; exceeding this threshold leads to a reduction in carbon emissions associated with greater trade openness. The resulting representation of an inverted U-shaped correlation between trade openness and carbon emissions stands up to scrutiny by panel quantile regression and the quadratic methodology (U-test) and confirms its robustness. These findings emphasise the importance of determining an "optimal" level of trade openness, which is essential to effectively govern the mitigation of carbon emissions, as well as to challenge the notion that trade openness inevitably leads to increased carbon emissions. The implications of the Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) theory, when accompanied by empirical evidence of knowledge spillovers resulting from trade openness, support innovation pathways that lead to the adoption of greener practices, promoting a cleaner and healthier societal environment
Bronchopleural fistula secondary to tuberculosis: A rare presentation with diagnostic challenges
No full textTuberculosis (TB) remains a prevalent disease in developing countries, with a wide range of pulmonary and extrapulmonary manifestations. Among its complications, tuberculosis-induced bronchopleural fistula (BPF) is rare but poses significant diagnostic and therapeutic challenges.1 This case highlights the diverse clinical presentations of TB-BPF and the importance of considering this condition in the differential diagnosis of patients with persistent air leaks and pneumothorax, especially in TB-endemic regions
Enhancing meat product quality: Exploring the effects of additives on Myofibrillar protein functionality
No full textAdditives are utilized in the production of high-quality meat products to minimize costs and fulfill consumer demands for healthier food choices. However, a comprehensive summary of the structural and functional changes in myofibrillar protein (MP) during gel formation in response to various additives is lacking in the literature. Nonetheless, this in-depth review revealed that additives affect the denaturation process of MP, which indirectly controls the crosslinking and impacts the functionalities of MP. Specifically, additives improve the inter- and intra-interaction of MPs during processing. Therefore, a mechanistic understanding of the impact of each additive on MPs from different sources is needed. Different sources of MP have different compositions, thus resulting in different functionalities. A discussion of these issues is also provided in this review. This discussion also focuses on the current approaches to understanding the functional changes in MPs caused by different additives and presents some examples of previous works and the progress made in the literature