17362 research outputs found
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Supervised deep learning algorithms for process fault detection and diagnosis under different temporal subsequence length of process data
No full textFault detection and diagnosis (FDD) play a vital role in abnormal situation management of chemical industrial processes. Current FDD technologies mostly rely on data-driven solutions by making full use of abundant process data collected by the state-of-the-art distributed process instruments and sensors. Deep learning algorithms were widely used among all the data-driven algorithms. Industrial process time series data could be processed with ease by deep learning algorithms, particularly transformer-based models because of their multi-head attention mechanism. Different lengths of snippets of sequence (or subsequence) would have a multitude of perspectives viewed by the deep learning algorithms, subsequently impacting their FDD performance. This study, therefore, aims to investigate the effects of varying subsequence lengths on the FDD performance of common deep learning algorithms, consisting of a multilayer perceptron, convolutional neural network, long short-term memory, transformer, industrial process optimization—vision transformer (IPO-Vitt) using two benchmark case studies, namely continuous stirred tank reactor (CSTR) and Tennessee Eastman Process (TEP). Addition- ally, faulty data are rare to occur, and the fault labelling process is generally tedious and expensive to perform. The effects of labelled training data sizes were also studied on the FDD performance. The findings clearly indicate that the IPO-Vitt, a variant of transformer-based models, exhibited the best FDD performance under 10% and 50% subsequence length of data on CSTR and TEP case studies, respectively, for optimal feature extraction, even with 10% of fully labelled input data
A new species of Stigmatodactylus (Orchidaceous) from Sabah, Malaysian Borneo
No full textStigmatodactylus Maksimowicz in Makino (1891: 81) is a small genus of orchids in subtribe Acanthine (Schlechter 1911: 384) with 28 accepted species (POWO 2024). The genus ranges from the eastern Himalayas and Japan southeast across the Sunda Shelf and Papu Asia to New Caledonia (Kores 1991, Robinson 2016) but is frequently overlooked in the wild since most species are diminutive and cryptic in the vegetative state. The genus is related to the better-known Cory bas Salisbury (1807: t. 83), the helmet orchids, which it resembles in the sterile state, comprising a single leaf. However, in its fertile state it produces one to few more conventionally structured flowers on an erect raceme, each flower subtended by a leafy bract, and resembles the closely allied and morphologically similar Acanthus Brown (1810: 321) from which several Stigmatodactylus species have been previously transferred (Clements & Jones 2018, Kores 1992). Two Stigmatodactylus species (Table 1) are currently recognized from Malaysia: S. lamrii (Wood & Chan, 1993: 274) Jones & Clements (2002: 441) and S. richardia us Ong in Ong & Tan (2015: 73). Stigmatodactylus lamrii is endemic to Mount Kinabalu, where it has been collected from the Pinosuk Plateau (Wood et al. 2011), whereas S. Richardean us was described from northern Kedah in Peninsular Malaysia (Ong & Tan 2015). During the Sabah Parks Marai Parai–Gurkha Hut 2023 Scientific Expedition, an unrecognized species of Stigmatodactylus was documented on the Marai Parai plateau on the flanks of Mt. Kinabalu. The taxon could not be keyed to any described species and is here presented as new, bringing the total number of Stigmatodactylus species known from Malaysia to three, and representing only the second species known from the island of Borneo. Fresh plant material was collected with authorization from Sabah Biodiversity Centre and Sabah Parks: (Access License JKM/MBS.1000-2/4/1(336); Invitation Letter Ref.-TTS/IP/900-0/11). Standard herbarium methods were used to prepare voucher specimens (Bridson and Forman 1998) and, for spirit collection, fresh samples were preserved in a solution consisting of 70% ethanol, 28% water and 2% glycerol. Both collections were deposited in the Sabah Parks Herbarium (SNP). The preserved flowers were dissected and photographed under an AM4113ZT Dino-Lite Digital Microscope
The miRNA landscape of leukemia – cellular actions to therapy through molecular mechanisms
No full textThe Nobel Prize in Physiology and Medicine awarded to Victor Ambros and Gary Rukum for their work in microRNA (miRNA) emphasized the important role that miRNA plays in biology. These conserved small noncoding RNA molecules play pivotal role especially in the post transcriptional stage of gene regulation, affecting various key cellular processes by interacting with target genes complement to the conserved miRNA seed sequence. Over the years miRNA was implicated in all manners of diseases with abnormal gene regulation especially in cancer. In leukemia, miRNA dysregulation could lead to aberrant cellular processes. These include but are not limited to leukemic development, survival and drug resistance. miRNA also have important clinical implications as differential miRNA abundance could contribute towards leukemogenesis. This is especially useful in the diagnosis and prognosis of leukemia. This review aims to explore and highlight the role of miRNAs in leukemia development, progression and to discuss miRNA involvement towards leukemic resistance to therapy
A model of qardhul hassan for university staff in Malaysia
No full textThis study investigated drivers that explain qardhul hassan financing acceptance in Malaysia involving staff of two universities namely A in East Malaysia and B in West Malaysia. Design/methodology/approach – The attitude-social influence-self-efficacy (ASE) model was tested to examine 422 respondents’ acceptance using SPSS 27. Findings – The study confirmed the significance of all tested hypotheses, with attitude playing a key mediating role. Further, this study uncovered significant results of relative advantage and Islamic debt collection policy, offering novel contributions to this discipline. Research limitations/implications – The generalization of the findings generated was limited to the context concerned and the limited variables tested. Practical implications – The results offer a directive for universities to offer qardhul hassan in the future to attract demand and acceptance. Originality/value – This study introduced a modified ASE called the QH-ASE framework to analyze its adoption, adaptability and impact on qardhul hassan financing usefulness
Boosting family engagement: Using EdTech to spark early childhood curiosity
No full textThis research examines the ways in which educational technology (EdTech) boosts early childhood curiosity by encouraging active involvement from families. Employing a synthesis-sources approach, the study combines primary data, such as user engagement metrics and parent surveys, with quantitative evaluations of child learning results. Results indicate that EdTech tools, including interactive apps and digital storytelling platforms, foster curiosity by facilitating exploratory learning, immediate feedback, and tailored experiences. Moreover, digital communication channels and collaborative activities enhance family involvement, bolstering children's cognitive and social growth. This research highlights the capability of EdTech to revolutionize early education by connecting home and school learning settings
Influence of monsoon seasons on seagrass ecosystems on the coast of Kota Kinabalu (Sabah, Malaysia)
No full textSeagrass beds in Kampung Kebagu, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, are notably affected by natural events and human activities. Seasonal monsoons particularly the Northeast Monsoon (NEM) and the Southwest Monsoon (SWM), intensify these effects, causing significant changes to the seagrass beds in a short period. This study aimed to determine seagrass coverage and leaf length during the NEM and SWM at Kampung Kebagu. The leaf length was focusing on the dominant species; Inhauls a oroides along the transect line. This study was conducted within a year from February 2023 until January 2024 to cover both monsoon periods. Seagrass coverage was estimated using 50 cm × 50 cm (0.25 m2) quadrat with every 5 m interval along the transect line. Field measurements and data collection were done in February 2023, March 2023, May 2023, July 2023, September 2023, November 2023, and January 2024. The NEM was divided into two phases: February to March 2023 (T1) and November 2023 to January 2024 (T3). The SWM, identified as T2, spanned from May to September 2023. Further analysis of seagrass coverage and leaf length using Two-Way ANOVA was done to find significant effects of month between the parameters. There were significant different between seagrass coverage and months (p < 0.05). Seagrass coverage declined significantly to 38 ± 23% during the NEM but rebounded to 80 ± 11% in July 2023 during the SWM. The average leaf length of E. an oroides reached 29 ± 8 cm in May 2023 but was reduced to just 7 ± 2 cm by January 2024. Although this study was limited to a single year, it effectively captured fluctuations in seagrass coverage and leaf length across different seasonal monsoons. These results provide baseline data on how monsoon-related environmental changes affect seagrass ecosystems in this region
Comparison of the mechanical properties of amorphous FeSiB and FeGaSiB films
No full textAs technology gets smaller, the need to understand how the mechanical as well as functional properties of thin magnetic films change as a function of thickness and substrate is required. This then allows for better material selection for applications, as thin amorphous and nanocrystalline magnetic films are used in micro-electromechanical systems (MEMS), such as actuators, field and strain sensors. This work used the nanoindentation technique to study the mechanical properties (hardness, Young’s modulus and yield strength) of amorphous FeGaSiB and FeSiB thin films to determine how the thickness, substrate and composition influence these properties. Along with understanding how the addition of Ga changed the amorphicity of the films with thickness. It was found that the Young’s Modulus and hardness decreased by∼15% with the addition of Ga, plus the films were less elastic compared to the FeSiB films. The yield strength was 30% higher for the films grown on glass compared to silicon, while the hardness and Young’s modulus of both FeSiB and FeGaSiB films increased with decreasing film thickness. Further, these results helped to gain understanding on the role of film thickness to the amorphicity of the film
Exploring the relationship between technology adaptation and digital innovation with leadership strategies as a mediator for digital leadership in the underprivileged school
No full textThis study aims to understand the relationship between technology adaptation, digital innovation, leadership strategy, and digital leadership in the context of digital transformation. The study involved 175 headmasters from schools in Sabah, using the PLS-SEM (Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling) approach through Smart PLS 4 software. This approach was chosen because it is suitable for models with latent variables and moderate sample sizes. Data analysis involves three main steps: (a) Reliability and Validity Tests to ensure internal validity of constructs, (b) Measurement Model Analysis to examine the relationship between leadership strategies, emotional intelligence, and digital leadership, and (c) Relationship Validation Tests to validate significant relationships through path coefficients and p-values.The findings show that leadership strategy plays an important role as an intermediary element between the adaptation of technology and digital innovation to digital leadership. While technology and innovation provide an important foundation, their impact depends on a carefully planned strategy. The significant relationship between leadership strategy and digital leadership shows that smart leaders leveraging strategies can drive adoption of technology and accelerate organizational culture transformation. However, the direct link between technology adoption and digital leadership is insignificant, suggesting the need for work culture change and leadership capacity building. This study makes an important contribution to the literature on digital transformation, emphasizing the need for a holistic approach that combines modern technology, innovative strategies, and a progressive organizational culture. The decision also provides guidance for organizational leaders to increase the effectiveness of digital transformation through appropriate leadership strategies and strengthening leadership capacity
Implementasi dakwah menerusi program dekat di hati ‘Anak Malaysia’ di kampung Mesilou Kundasang, Sabah: Satu analisis
No full textProgram Dekat Di Hati ‘Anak Malaysia’ merupakan salah satu program amali dakwah yang wajib diikuti oleh semua pelajar Semester 6 dalam jurusan Diploma Dakwah Islamiyyah di Institut Pengajian Dakwah dan Islam Sabah (IPDAS), Keningau, Sabah. Program ini juga merupakan satu bentuk implementasi dakwah yang perlu diaplikasikan oleh pelajar setelah mempelajari teorinya dalam sesi kuliah. Kajian ini dijalankan bertujuan untuk mengenalpasti pendekatan dakwah yang sesuai digunakan dalam program amali dakwah, melihat cabaran yang dihadapi semasa menjalankan program amali dakwah serta cadangan penambahbaikan dalam program amali dakwah tersebut. Kajian ini menggunakan metodologi kualitatif iaitu menerusi kaedah turut serta, pemerhatian, kajian keperpustakaan dan temu bual. Hasil dapatan kajian ini menemui lima bentuk implementasi dakwah yang sesuai dilaksanakan di Kampung Mesilou, Kundasang iaitu menerusi Kursus Pengurusan Jenazah, Kursus Sembelihan, Program Jom Mengaji, Program Smart Seni Islamik dan Program Kem Bestari Solat (Siri I & Siri II). Manakala cabaran yang dihadapi semasa melaksanakan dakwah pula termasuklah tahap penghayatan etika yang rendah, peralatan dan perkhidmatan program yang terhad, penetapan masa yang kurang sesuai, penduduk kampung di ambang kemodenanisasi dan kedudukan geografi kampung yang mencabar. Justeru, implementasi dakwah ini dapat dijadikan sebagai panduan dan rujukan bagi pendakwah dalam meneruskan syiar Islam pada masa akan datang
Pendekatan dakwah dalam program amali dakwah IPDAS tahun 2022 - 2024 di Sabah
No full textProgram Amali Dakwah merupakan salah satu pendekatan praktikal yang dilaksanakan oleh Institut Pengajian Islam dan Dakwah Sabah (IPDAS) dalam usaha memperkasa penyampaian dakwah secara lebih berkesan dalam kalangan mahasiswa. Program ini memberi ruang dan peluang kepada mahasiswa untuk turun ke lapangan dan mengaplikasikan ilmu dakwah secara langsung kepada komuniti yang disasarkan. Kewujudan program amali seperti ini sebenarnya memberi pendedahan awal kepada mahasiswa khususnya dalam konteks dakwah bagi melestarikan dakwah islamiah sepertimana yang disarankan oleh Rasulullah SAW, bukan mengikut kemahuan pendakwah itu sendiri. Pelaksanaan program pada tahun 2022 hingga 2024 di beberapa daerah terpilih di Sabah mendedahkan pelbagai pendekatan dakwah yang digunakan seperti dakwah bil hal, dakwah fardiyah dan dakwah bil lisan. Kajian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pendekatan dakwah yang diguna pakai serta keberkesanannya dalam menyampaikan mesej Islam secara berhemah dan berstrategi. Kajian ini dijalankan menggunakan kaedah kualitatif melalui temu bual separa struktur, pemerhatian lapangan dan analisis dokumen program. Dapatan menunjukkan bahawa pendekatan dakwah yang berteraskan hikmah, empati, serta kefahaman terhadap kearifan tempatan memainkan peranan penting dalam meningkatkan keberkesanan program ini. Justeru, pendekatan dakwah dalam Program Amali Dakwah IPDAS dilihat sebagai platform yang berpotensi memperkukuh peranan institusi pengajian Islam dalam pembangunan komuniti dan penghayatan Islam dalam masyarakat setempat di Sabah