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Moving me, moving you: emotional expressivity, empathy, and prior experience shape whole-body movement preferences
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Temperature‐tunable cholesteric liquid crystal optical combiners for extended reality applications
Get PDFRecent advancements in extended reality (XR) showcase their potential ability to enhance the user experience of traditional displays such as liquid crystal displays and organic light-emitting diode screens. To achieve this goal, the upcoming generation of head-mounted displays (HMDs) necessitates a seamless transition between different XR modes, including augmented reality (AR) and virtual reality (VR) modes. Herein, an innovative cholesteric liquid crystal- (CLC-) based optical combiner for HMDs is introduced. This approach enables the display device to switch between AR, VR, and transparent modes via temperature modulation. Since
CLC materials demonstrate varying optical properties at different temperatures, a real-time temperature monitoring system that is paired with an external controller is integrated. This allows for dynamic temperature adjustments of the optical combiner and enables smooth transitions between display modes. Furthermore, the Berreman 4 x 4 matrix method is used to simulate the optical properties of the optical combiner, finding strong agreement with the experimental results. The
performance of the tunable optical combiners using 450, 532, and 635 nm laser sources is explored. The findings demonstrate that CLC-based optical combiners can effectively switch between the three distinct modes at corresponding temperatures, paving the way for versatile applications in future HMDs
Determinants of riverine migration success by Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) smolts from rivers across the UK and Ireland
Get PDFThere is some evidence that the river migration success of Atlantic salmon smolts, on their first migration to sea, varies both spatially and temporally. However, we have only a poor understanding of what may be driving this variation. In this study, we used acoustic telemetry to quantify the spatial and temporal variations in river migration success in Atlantic salmon smolts on their first migration to sea. In total 4120 Atlantic salmon smolts migrating through 22 rivers in Scotland, England, Ireland, and Northern Ireland over multiple years were included in the study. Individuals were defined as successful migrants if detected leaving the river to enter marine waters. The results show significant temporal (up to 4 years) and spatial (river) variations in migration success, with overall between-river migration success varying from 3.4% to 97.0% and between years from 3.4% and 61.0%. Temporal variation in migration success was river specific, with some rivers being more temporally stable (exhibiting little variation between years) than others. Across all rivers and years, individual migration success was predicted positively by body condition and negatively by tag burden. The rate of migration success for a population (migration success standardized to a common river distance [proportion km−1]) was predicted by a number of environmental factors. The proportion of river catchment that comprised wetland and woodland positively predicted migration success, whereas the proportion of grassland and peatland in a catchment negatively predicted the rate of migration success. Although the mechanisms through which these effects may be operating were not directly examined in this study, we discuss some potential routes through which they may occur
Living in the slipstream of defeat: neoliberalism and the far-right
Get PDFThis essay suggests stretching Saull's structuralist account of the relationship between neoliberal globalisation and the far-right to accommodate subaltern agency and resistance. Taking this step makes transparent that the rising fortunes of the far-right is indivisible from the historic defeat that neoliberal globalisation inflicted on the global Left in the 1970s and 1980s. The victorious neoliberal elites went onto produce a refashioned differentialist racism to replace the now discredited scientific racism but also married this to the ideology of multicultural capitalism to accommodate the new postcolonial centres of accumulation. However, in the absence of a socialist alternative to neoliberal globalisation and the continuing technical and political decomposition of class as a social force, the resulting political void since the 2007 crisis has been increasingly filled by the forces of the far-right. Tragically, the choice facing us today seems to be the slow but relentless asphyxiation of the remaining progressive elements of capitalist modernity or their overnight destruction through a fascist ‘big bang’ ideologically dressed as the restoration of ‘rights for whites.
Mētis: a framework for understanding tactics of resistance
Get PDFTeachers’ negative experiences of high-stakes accountability have been documented extensively, but the ways in which teachers are able to engage in tactics of resistance in response are less well known. This is most especially true in terms of the subtle, covert forms of resistance which occur through the practice of teachers’ everyday working lives. This paper contributes through a novel exploratory application of ‘Mētis’, a framework for understanding tactics of resistance derived from the thought of Detienne and Vernant (1978). When Mētis is harnessed alongside de Certeau’s (1984) notion of the practice of everyday life, it provides an innovative means of exploring the complex, elusive and intricate ways in which teachers pursue tactics of resistance within a context of high-stakes accountability. By so doing, it demonstrates how teachers are able to evade or resist high-stakes accountability in order to pursue their own educational goals. Thus, the article also adds to an understanding of the gap between policy formulation and its enactment. This initial exploratory study contributes to the literature by offering a transferable conceptual approach which is recommended for broader use while identifying some important considerations which attend the empirical application of Mētis
“Local hubs and global gateways”: understanding the impact of Singapore’s master plan on urban polycentricity
Get PDFMaster plans are pivotal in strategising urban development, dictating land use, building height, and development intensity. These plans influence the spatial arrangement of urban infrastructure and activities, shaping the morphological and dynamic urban spatial structure. This study evaluates Singapore’s master plan’s effect on urban spatial structure, utilising data extracted from the master plan to project future land use and spatial interaction scenarios. By simulating the changing commercial floor space in different urban centres and its impact on commuting patterns, we evaluate the master plan’s impact on urban spatial structure and promoting polycentric urban development. Singapore’s master plan, with a clear vision towards polycentricity through the ‘Local hubs and global gateways’ strategy, is examined for its impact on urban spatial structure. The study uses urban mobility data and spatial network analysis to reveal how the master plan aims to decentralise development from the Central Business District (CBD) and distribute economic activities across various regions. Our findings indicate that regional centres and local hubs are becoming more autonomous while the CBD remains dominant. The results also highlight the importance of integrating morphological and functional polycentricity measurements and socioeconomic indicators to comprehensively evaluate urban development strategies. This study contributes to understanding urban spatial structure and offers practical insights for future urban planning
Levelling Up, affective governance and tensions within 'pride in place'
No full textThe ‘pride in place’ mission of the UK Government’s Levelling Up agenda has foregrounded the importance of feelings in local and national development strategies. While pride in place gestures to the emotional symptoms of geographical inequality and the so-called left behind, it does not address their structural causes. This article explores how the lens of pride, and the affective governance it demands, has been used to reimagine place in UK policy. We argue that governance has taken a therapeutic and palliative turn, and that the pride in place mission obscures ideological inconsistencies in policymaking. The article explains how the government’s narrow conception of pride as a mechanism of affective governance illustrates tensions in places at different scales: between national and local issues; between public and private spheres; and between individual and collective identities. It claims that a more meaningful understanding of pride must be predicated on people’s collective capacity for felt and emotional responses. Crucially, any metrics for pride must capture that complexity to help restore social infrastructure in places
Dynamic prediction of inpatient self-harm and suicide attempts using machine learning: toward data-driven clinical monitoring
Get PDFObjective: Self-harm and suicide attempts are notoriously difficult to predict and to prevent, particularly as they are low base-rate events. This study aimed to improve prediction by combining static information—unchanging patient characteristics collected at admission—with dynamic self-reported mental health data collected daily during inpatient care. Method: Seventeen thousand five hundred eight psychiatric inpatients self-reported their mental health daily throughout their hospital stay (Mage = 40.72, female = 71%). Machine-learning models predicted self-harm over the next 7-days, which made new risk projections daily based on available self-report data. Prediction was compared between models that used only static information and those that included daily-updated information. Results: The dynamic daily-updated prediction model exhibited stable prediction performance over time, while the static model reliant on information collected at admission decreased over time. Although all models performed well in detecting events, the rate of false positives increased substantially over time in static models (excluding daily data), and model accuracy tended to decrease. Conclusions: The improved performance of prediction models leveraging dynamic (daily) self-reported data could support just-in-time alerts for clinical staff. Further research is needed to identify salient markers for when the risk of self-harm and suicide attempts may be heightened to further enhance prediction accuracy
‘To be honest, it’s complicated’: training postgraduate students to work with emotions in qualitative research
Get PDFEmotion is an integral part of the knowledge production process, yet is rarely acknowledged within research methods teaching or textbooks. As educators, preparing students for fieldwork is essential, and should go beyond skill-learning, towards building confidence in their ability to react both ethically and appropriately during fieldwork. This paper reflects on supporting students to manage the disruptiveness of learning about their role within the research process while acknowledging research as an emotionally-driven practice. We outline why learning opportunities on emotion are essential within the context of a pan-social-science methods course for postgraduates. Consideration is given to how space is provided for students to consider their motivations, emotions, and subjective engagement with their research, and the broader consequences for knowledge production in action. Two examples are shared as a means to create space for careful consideration of emotions, and of potentially delivering a strategy for implementing a pedagogy of emotion
Rebellion, resistance and restoration: strategies of limited violence in late Anglo-Saxon England, 1042–1066
Get PDFA comparative analysis of the series of aristocratic rebellions which punctuated the reign of the penultimate Anglo-Saxon king Edward ‘the Confessor' (1042-1066), and in particular the better documented case study of the revolt of Earl Godwine in 1051-1052, reveals how violence might be limited and controlled in regard both to mechanisms of armed opposition against the king and to the ruler's reaction towards dissident nobles. It explores a pattern whereby an exiled noble sought refuge abroad, there raised a force of mercenaries or allies, then engaged in limited and indirect acts of hostility, usually on the peripheries of the kingdom, to exert pressure upon the king to negotiate whilst avoiding a direct attack on the monarch. Reconciliation was not inevitable, but in the majority of cases revolts succeeded in achieving a complete restoration to lands and position, with comparatively little bloodshed having occurred. It is argued that the period 1042-1066 marks a crucial transition between the more extreme violence of earlier rulers, who inflicted death or mutilation on dissidents, and the Normans’ introduction from 1066 of more restrained conduct towards political opponents
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