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Heatwaves
No full textThis chapter synthesizes how remote sensing helps monitor and understand heatwaves, covering definitions, observational methods, applications, and challenges. It introduces fundamental heatwave metrics such as frequency, intensity, duration, spatial extent, and humidity, which are essential for consistent research and satellite-based detection of extreme heat events. It details how thermal infrared measurements, soil moisture retrievals, vegetation indices, and atmospheric profiles each offer distinct yet complementary insights into heatwave dynamics. An integrated approach that combines microwave, optical, and infrared sounders can pinpoint where, when, and why heatwaves occur. In addition, a dedicated section explores multiscalar case studies, illustrating the application of these Earth observation techniques. Finally, it addresses challenges and opportunities, including data continuity, calibration, spatiotemporal resolution, and cloud interference, alongside promising innovations in next-generation sensors, data assimilation, and machine learning. This synthesis aims to provide a practical framework for leveraging remote sensing to reduce heatwave risks in an era of escalating extreme temperatures
SETs (Student Evaluation of Teaching): lessons to learn from differing biases of Chinese and UK students
Get PDFStudent Evaluations of Teaching (SETs) have become somewhat controversial tools for involving students in improving the education process, promoting quality assurance, and providing metrics to compare courses and teaching. They are thus, unsurprisingly, one of the most researched areas of higher education. Among small cohorts with a significant variety of cultural backgrounds, validity of evaluation tools may be confounded. This mixed-methods case study took place in the context of foreign language learning at a UK university with 117 language learner survey participants, seven also participating in a diary exercise, to explore a potential confounding variable on SETs in survey form - that of student cultural background. Student attitudes and biases were examined in the light of previous research showing differences between Eastern and Western psychological biases. Results in this educational context support a clear cultural difference between two groups that were compared in this study: Chinese and UK students. Key differences identified were in participants’ choice to focus on positive or negative experiences and to what they attribute these experiences. Implications for incorporating SETs as part of course and lesson design are outlined
Are area-level socioeconomic factors associated with dental caries and tooth loss? A systematic review
Get PDFIntroduction: Area-level socioeconomic factors are within the social determinants of health, encompassing conditions in which people are born, grow, live, work, and age, which influence health beyond individual characteristics. This review examines the association between area-level socioeconomic factors and dental caries and tooth loss. The hypothesis is that individuals residing in more socioeconomically deprived areas experience higher odds of dental caries and tooth loss, independent of individual socioeconomic status. Methods: A systematic search was conducted in PubMed, Scopus, Embase, and Web of Science. Studies reporting clinical or self-reported dental caries or tooth loss, and evaluating area-level socioeconomic deprivation or income (neighbourhood, municipality, or region) using multilevel models were included. Results: Of 4,671 screened records, 44 studies (41 cross-sectional) published from 2006 to 2024 were included. The most common exposures were area socioeconomic deprivation indices (n=24), area average income (n=21), and the Human Development Index (HDI) (n=13). Quantitative synthesis was precluded by heterogeneity of aggregation levels, outcomes (tooth loss, caries experience, and untreated caries), and outcome measurement (dichotomous/continuous). Most studies adjusted for individual-level socioeconomic factors (82%). The hypothesised association was most consistent for tooth loss (e.g. functional dentition or edentulism, 6/6 studies), at a medium level of aggregation (13/15), and for the HDI (10/13). Studies using ordered categories frequently demonstrated clear socioeconomic gradients. Conclusion: The findings support the hypothesis that residing in more affluent areas is associated with better oral health outcomes, specifically lower levels of tooth loss and, to a lesser extent, dental caries, after adjusting for individual-level socioeconomic factors
'Crìosda Clèireach os ar Cionn': reconstructing a vernacular hymn
Get PDFThe article is a focused study of one item from Alexander Carmichael’s Carmina Gadelica (1900), which compares the published prayer with transcriptions in Carmichael’s notebooks and other versions published or collected since, including a sung oral recording from the 1950s. Associations with Christmas, Good Friday / Easter and Hogmanay are discussed, as well as problematic aspects of language and imagery, with reference to previous studies by Margaret Fay Shaw and Ronald Black and to the twenty-first-century re-examination of Carmichael’s editing methods. Speculation on the origins of the piece is included
Demystifying and framing SoTL: exploring the meaning and purpose of scholarship in a School of Education
Get PDFThe Scholarship of Teaching and Learning (SoTL) is central to professional development in higher education, encouraging colleagues to reflect critically on practice and disseminate their insights through publications, conferences, and institutional initiatives. The focus of this paper, the first of two that we propose to JPAAP, serves as an “on-the-horizon” exploration of the concept of scholarship, specifically within a School of Education (SoE). The second paper, which will follow one academic year later, will present an empirical case study examining the culture of SoTL in our School. In this initial paper, we draw on scholarship to frame our discussion around three themes: recognised concepts of SoTL; its positioning within a SoE; and the role of institutional culture in supporting it. Additionally, we will locate the questions above within the context of a SoE and, in doing so, highlight the challenges of establishing a clear and shared understanding of scholarship within the discipline of education. By situating SoTL within the unique disciplinary context of education, we contribute to broader debates about how scholarship is understood and enacted across different parts of the academy. This paper, therefore, lays the conceptual groundwork for a forthcoming case study of how our SoE seeks to demystify SoTL and build a sustainable culture of scholarly support
Part-Time, Full Experience?: Reflecting on the PGR Lived Experience Project
No full textThe PGR Lived Experience Project, June – October 2025, was designed to listen to, value and better understand the lived experiences of two key groups of PGRs at the University of Glasgow: Part-Time PGRs, and PGRs who use English as an Additional Language. Realised as a collaboration between Research Culture and Researcher Development and Research Governance, Policy and Integrity, the project was conceived as a staff-PGR collaboration, and centred a peer-led approach: PGR Interns took a leadership role in shaping the project strategically, designing the project methodology, and in gathering and analysing the data.
Arianna led on the Part-Time PGR branch of the project. In this blog, she reflects on the project, and what she learned through being involved in this research
Study of Bc(1P)+ states in the Bc+γ mass spectrum
Get PDFThe study of a wide peaking structure in the B c + γ mass spectrum is reported using a data sample of proton-proton collisions collected by the LHCb detector at center-of-mass energies of 7, 8, and 13 TeV, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 9 fb − 1 . The observed structure is consistent with the lowest excited P -wave B c + states and exhibits a statistical significance exceeding 7 standard deviations relative to the background-only hypothesis. A two-peak model serves as an effective description of the data, with various theory-constrained models further explored to provide physical interpretation. Based on the predictions for the B c ( 1 P ) + spectrum, the relative production cross section of the overall B c ( 1 P ) + states with respect to the B c + ground state with the transverse momentum p T and rapidity y of B c + mesons in the regions p T < 20 GeV / c and 2.0 < y < 4.5 at √s = 13 TeV is measured to be 0.20 ± 0.03 ± 0.02 ± 0.03 , where the uncertainty terms represent statistical, systematic, and uncertainties related to the choice of theoretical models, respectively. The results provide a test of theoretical models and deepen our understanding of quantum chromodynamics
A note on dynamic spatiotemporal ARCH models: small- and large-sample results
Get PDFThis short paper explores the estimation of a dynamic spatiotemporal autoregressive conditional heteroscedasticity (ARCH) model. The log-volatility term in this model can depend on (i) the spatial lag of the log-squared outcome variable, (ii) the time-lag of the log-squared outcome variable, (iii) the spatiotemporal lag of the logsquared outcome variable, (iv) exogenous variables, and (v) the unobserved heterogeneity across regions and time, i.e., the regional and time fixed effects. We examine the small- and large-sample properties of two quasi-maximum likelihood estimators and a generalised method of moments estimator for this model. We first summarize the theoretical properties of these estimators and then compare their finite sample properties through Monte Carlo simulations
Theatre and climate change: ecology and performance in a climate emergency
No full textIn this chapter, we offer nine entries from a larger lexicon that we are currently using in our artistic and academic work as individual researchers and colleagues involved in a collective dialogue, a common endeavour to think through theatre’s relationship with ecology. The selection of words listed below does not follow an alphabetic patterning. Rather, we have looked to playfully expand upon, if not depart from, the normative semantic logic of a lexicon. In our lexicon, meaning emerges, montage-like, from the clash and correspondence of different styles, points of view and practical and poetic reworking of key terminology. As a consequence, there is no ‘conclusion’ as such to this chapter. We are concerned with a different type of thinking that looks to evade the stubbornly entrenched Aristotelian structures characterising not just environmental playwrighting but also the quasi-totality of ecocritical analysis¾thesis, anti-thesis and denouement. In its place, we are looking to create ‘thinking through composition’, a mode of criticism that looks to practise ecology at the level of form as well as content. Readers are encouraged to start at any point they wish and to proceed accordingly, attuned to how each entry pollinates the others
Integridade pública como missão coletiva e dever individual: reflexões de Nikolas Kirby
Get PDFEntrevista concedida por Nikolas Kirby, em Glasgow, em 19 de maio de 2025. Tradução de Pepe Tonin
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