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Sugar and Sand
No full textRead Adam Bobbette's essay examining the granular connections explored through Gayle Chong Kwan's exhibition—bringing forth the historical and colonial ties between the Isle of Wight and Mauritius
Observation of exotic J/ψϕ resonant structure in diffractive processes in proton-proton collisions
Get PDFThe first study of J/ψϕ production in diffractive processes in proton-proton collisions is presented. The
study is based on an LHCb dataset recorded at center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV, corresponding to an
integrated luminosity of 5 fb−1. The data disfavor a nonresonant J/ψϕ production but are consistent with a
resonant model including several resonant states observed previously only in B+ → J/ψϕK+ decays. The
χc0(4500) state is observed with a significance over 6σ and the χc1ð4274Þ is confirmed with a significance
of more than 4σ
Combination of searches for singly produced vectorlike top quarks in pp collisions at √s = 13 TeV with the ATLAS detector
Get PDFA combination of searches for the single production of vectorlike top quarks (T) is presented.
These analyses are based on proton-proton collisions at √s = 13 TeV recorded in 2015–2018 with the
ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 139 fb−1. The
T decay modes considered in this combination are into a top quark and either a Standard Model Higgs
boson or a Z boson (T → Ht and T → Zt). The individual searches used in the combination are
differentiated by the number of leptons (e, μ) in the final state. The observed data are found to be in good
agreement with the Standard Model background prediction. Interpretations are provided for a range of
masses and couplings of the vectorlike top quark for benchmark models and generalized representations in
terms of 95% confidence level limits. For a benchmark signal prediction of a vectorlike top quark SU(2)
singlet with electroweak coupling, κ, of 0.5, masses below 2.1 TeV are excluded, resulting in the most
restrictive limits to date
Mitigating diffusion-induced intragranular cracking in single-crystal LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 via extended solid solution behavior
Get PDFSingle-crystal cathodes have been investigated for their inherent resistance to intergranular cracking due to the absence of grain boundaries. However, these materials exhibit significant intragranular cracking, and the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. In this study, we examined the impact of extended solid-solution reactions on mitigating crack formation in magnesium-doped single-crystal LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 (Mg-SC-LNMO) cathodes. With Mg acting as a structural pillar, the overall volume change was reduced by nearly 50 %, the two-phase reaction was effectively suppressed, and the Li-ion diffusion coefficient was doubled. Continuum modeling based on experimental observations demonstrates that Mg doping significantly reduces the internal stress induced by lithium diffusion, thereby preserving the mechanical integrity of single-crystal LNMO. This improvement leads to enhanced electrochemical performance and durability. Our study provides new insights into mechanically robust single-crystal cathodes and proposes a design strategy to improve the durability of next-generation Li-ion batteries
Explanatory inquiry, achievement, and enhancement
No full textWhat is the aim of inquiry? One notable answer in recent epistemology answers this question with “understanding,” rather than just with true belief or knowledge. A common rationale is that true belief and knowledge can be gained by “offloading” cognitive work to others, where offloading cognitive work prevents one from satisfying curiosity of the sort that is needed to properly “close” inquiry. If this is right, then it looks like the very idea that understanding is the aim of inquiry seems to fit closely with the related idea that the aim of inquiry is one we attain not through outsourcing or epistemic dependence, but just through our own efforts. This chapter challenges this association by bringing together work on the nature of understanding in epistemology with recent work on transactive memory and cognitive enhancement. It is shown that even if we grant the premise that only through the satisfaction of curiosity is the aim of a given inquiry properly closed, this aim can be attained through (even extensive) offloading; the argument develops appeals to (i) via offloading in the case of interactive cueing in the case of transactive memory systems and (ii) understanding via offloading in the case of biomedical cognitively enhanced understanding. The result is a new space for vindicating understanding as the aim of inquiry that is not essentially tied to the idea that to play this role understanding must stand in tension with (various kinds of) offloading, outsourcing, and dependence
‘A bright new world of convenience, efficiency, and plenty’: the incorporation and dissolution of peripheral mass public housing in Newcastle and Dundee, 1960s to 1990s
No full textThis chapter examines the planning, development, and subsequent history of two peripheral mass public housing estates in the UK: Killingworth in Newcastle upon Tyne and Whitfield in Dundee. Planned as visionary schemes by their architects, Killingworth Garth Estate’s architecture was brutalist with high-rise blocks connected by open concrete walkways. The Pevsner Buildings of England guide described Killingworth as resembling ‘nothing so much as a set from Fritz Lang’s Metropolis’. Whitfield also became infamous for its mile long honey-comb shaped lattice of deck access flats interconnected by elevated walkways. Both Killingworth and Whitfield used industrial construction techniques and drew international acclaim on their completion. In the event, once constructed, both estates accommodated some of the most deprived families of their cities, and soon became notorious for housing ‘problem families’ and experiencing a range of social problems including massive unemployment, crime, and substance abuse. Since the 1980s, both estates have been erased from the landscape through as process of ‘dissolution and incorporation’. The process of transformation has been driven by three main motivations: improving social outcomes for existing residents; increasing ‘housing choice’ for the city; and overcoming the city’s stigma for social deprivation and squalor. In both cases this occurred through a programme of social and economic urban transformation in which memories of the extremities of the estates in their high modernist visions, their shocking post-industrial decay, and their spatial isolation, have been largely erased
Regulating the assembly of γ-cyclodextrin host and polyoxometalate-based Guests toward light-responsive hybrid rotaxanes
No full textThe rational design of hybrid organic–inorganic rotaxanes is crucial for advancing molecular machines and functional nanomaterials, yet the integration of metal-oxo clusters into interlocked systems remains challenging. Herein, we present a precision synthesis strategy for hybrid rotaxanes combining γ-cyclodextrin (γ-CD) hosts with Anderson-type polyoxometalate (POM)-based guests. This approach utilizes covalent POM modification coupled with strategically anchored organic functionalities to control supramolecular assembly, enabling the construction of pseudo-[2]-, [3]-, and [4]rotaxanes with controlled structural variations. Significantly, we achieved the first single-crystal examples of supramolecular pseudo-[4]rotaxanes featuring γ-CD dimers threaded by two organo-POM units. A key breakthrough was achieved through light-induced single-crystal-to-single-crystal transformation of these pseudo-[4]rotaxanes, producing hybrid [3]rotaxanes containing uniquely arranged anti-head-to-tail anthracene dimers─the first reported photoresponsive architecture of this type. These structural transformations demonstrate the dynamic, stimuli-responsive character of these hybrid systems. This work establishes a new paradigm for the precision engineering of rotaxanes using organo-POM building blocks, revealing their remarkable potential for creating smart materials with programmable structural changes. The successful integration of covalent modification, supramolecular templating, and photoresponsive components provides a powerful platform for developing next-generation multifunctional molecular machines and adaptive nanomaterials with precisely controlled properties
Equality, Diversity and Inclusivity (EDI) Sandpit: views on research paradigms and the future of academia
Get PDFIn this report, we summarize the outcome of a consultation session held in January 2024 appraising adopted attitudes within scientific research. This Equality, Diversity & Inclusion (EDI) Sandpit was a collaboration between interdisciplinary researchers from the ECMage (Extracellular Matrix [ECM] ageing across the life course interdisciplinary research network) and BLAST (Building Links in Ageing Science & Translation) networks, both part of the UK Ageing Networks, and the lifETIME (Engineered Tissues for Discovery, Industry and Medicine) Centre for Doctoral Training. Statements representing previously prevalent patterns of thinking that could influence research practice were put to delegate teams to discuss in relation to social and cultural behaviors that have been adopted over the years. Discussions focused on five themes across two main categories, aiming to identify and understand areas where change is needed, as well as to offer suggestions on how best to concentrate efforts to make the most impact
Police use of body-worn video in first response to rape and serious sexual assault offences: Operation Soteria final research briefing
No full textThis research briefing summarises findings from Pillar 3 of Operation Soteria about
police use of body-worn video (BWV) in first response to rape and serious sexual
offences (RASSO). It draws primarily on problem-solving discussions held with legal,
trauma and police experts. This briefing is for strategic leads and others within police
forces with oversight of the use of BWV
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