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Reducing hyper mirroring in misophonia: a proposal for cortico-cortical paired associative stimulation (ccPAS) as a potential intervention for treatment
No full textMisophonia, a condition characterized by intense emotional and physiological reactions to specific human-generated sounds, was recently proposed as a disorder of hyper mirroring, in which there is an over-representation of the actions of others. A recent study used rTMS to indirectly reduce the hyperactivity in the anterior insula of people with misophonia, leading to a modest reduction in misophonic distress. But further research is needed to optimize TMS for greater efficacy. Recent TMS studies using a paired associative approach have shown that it could be used to reduce automatic mirroring in healthy controls. We propose the use of ccPAS for reducing the aberrant “hyper” connectivity of the motor cortex, suggested to be associated with mirroring, found in misophonia which is directly accessible to TMS. We hope this theoretically driven neuromodulation approach can take advantage of recent advances in brain stimulation and address the need for developing an effective evidence-based treatment for misophonia
Rethinking education through generative-AI: ethical challenges and pedagogical implications in the Italian and UK systems
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COMO: Cross-mamba interaction and offset-guided fusion for multimodal object detection
No full textSingle-modal object detection tasks often experience performance degradation when encountering diverse scenarios. In contrast, multimodal object detection tasks can offer more comprehensive information about object features by integrating data from various modalities. Current multimodal object detection methods generally use various fusion techniques, including conventional neural networks and transformer-based models, to implement feature fusion strategies and achieve complementary information. However, since multimodal images are captured by different sensors, there are often misalignments between them, making direct matching challenging. This misalignment hinders the ability to establish strong correlations for the same object across different modalities. In this paper, we propose a novel approach called the CrOss-Mamba interaction and Offset-guided fusion (COMO) framework for multimodal object detection tasks. The COMO framework employs the cross-mamba technique to formulate feature interaction equations, enabling multimodal serialized state computation. This results in interactive fusion outputs while reducing computational overhead and improving efficiency. Additionally, COMO leverages high-level features, which are less affected by misalignment, to facilitate interaction and transfer complementary information between modalities, addressing the positional offset challenges caused by variations in camera angles and capture times. Furthermore, COMO incorporates a global and local scanning mechanism in the cross-mamba module to capture features with local correlation, particularly in remote sensing images. To preserve low-level features, the offset-guided fusion mechanism ensures effective multiscale feature utilization, allowing the construction of a multiscale fusion data cube that enhances detection performance. The proposed COMO approach has been evaluated on three benchmark multimodal datasets consisting of RGB and infrared image pairs, demonstrating state-of-the-art performance in multimodal object detection tasks. It offers a solution tailored for remote sensing data, making it more applicable to real-world scenarios. The code will be available at https://github.com/luluyuu/COMO
Differences in physical and technical performance characteristics between 11 v 11 chronological and bio-banded soccer match-play in youth soccer
Get PDFObjectives:
Bio-banding groups athletes by maturity rather than chronological age, to promote more equitable competition and development opportunities. We investigated whether physical and technical performance differed between chronological and bio-banded 11v11 match-play formats in youth soccer. A secondary aim was to examine whether these differences varied by maturity status and timing.
Design:
Twelve Junior Premier League teams (N = 139 players) from the U13, U14, and U15 age groups participated. Each team played six, 20-minute matches: three in chronological age and three in bio-banded formats. Bio-banding was based on the percentage of predicted adult height: pre-peak height velocity (< 90 %), mid-peak height velocity (90–96 %) and post-peak height velocity (> 96 %).
Methods:
Players wore foot-mounted inertial measurement units to record physical (distance covered, high-speed running > 4 m/s, sprinting > 5.5 m/s, and accelerations/decelerations ± 2.6 m/s/s) and technical (total touches, possessions, time on ball and one-touch/short/long possession counts) performance characteristics. Data were analysed using t-tests and analysis of variance with Bonferroni correction. Significance was set at p < 0.05, and effect sizes (Cohen's d) were calculated. A multivariate analysis was also conducted.
Results:
Whole sample analysis showed significantly more time on the ball per possession (d = 0.17), and fewer one-touch actions (d = 0.25) in bio-banded matches. Post-peak height velocity players covered significantly more high-intensity distance (d = 0.63) but recorded fewer total touches (d = 0.60), total possessions (d = 0.65) and one-touch possessions (d = 0.71) in the bio-banded format. There were significant differences between pre- and mid-peak height velocity players for all physical metrics across both chronological and bio-banded matches (d = 0.48–72), and between maturity groups (pre-post-peak height velocity, mid-post-peak height velocity) for technical actions in chronological format but not mirrored in bio-banding matches.
Conclusions:
Bio-banding was associated with altered physical and technical demands, especially for post-peak height velocity players. Findings suggest bio-banding may provide an appropriate competition format, exposing players to different developmental challenges, which may support more equitable and balanced experiences
Laszlo Krasznahorkai
No full textDe leschten Donneschden hat déi schwedesch Akadamie matgedeelt, datt den ungaresche Schrëftsteller Laszlo Krasznahorkai den desjärege Laureat vum Literaturnobelpräis ass. Den Dr. Martin Schauss huet sech fir seng Dokteraarbecht intensiv mam Laszlo Krasznahorkai befaasst a fir d'Valerija Berdi war dann e gudde Gronn op Glasgow unzeruffen
Tranexamic acid in reducing expected blood loss in moderate to low risk surgeries: systematic review, meta-analysis and cost effectiveness analysis
Get PDFTranexamic acid (TXA) is well-established as a safe intervention for reducing transfusion requirements in surgeries with high-risk for blood loss. However, its role in surgeries classified as low-risk for blood loss remains uncertain. Given the frequency of such procedures, even small clinical benefits could have substantial cumulative impact. We assessed the clinical and cost-effectiveness of TXA in surgeries with low expected blood loss A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials (RCTs) for adults or children undergoing low-risk surgeries, comparing peri-operative TXA (any route or dose) with placebo or standard care informed the clinical effectiveness and a decision model adapted from NICE NG24, focusing on short-term hospital costs informed the cost-effectiveness analysis. We included 82 RCTs comprising 8506 participants. TXA significantly reduced blood loss (ratio of means 0·73, 95% CI 0·68,0·79) and transfusion rates (odds ratio 0·39, 95% CI 0·25,0·61). It also reduced hospital stay by 0·4 days (MD = -0·40 days, 95% CI = -0·77, -0·02) and improved pain scores at 1 and 2 weeks postoperatively. Evidence for thrombotic events was limited and inconclusive. The cost-effectiveness analysis showed TXA was cost-saving (£156 per patient) and had a 99% probability of being cost-effective at the £20lJ000 per QALY threshold. Reduction in bleeding and improved recovery outcomes even in surgeries with low anticipated blood loss support broader use of TXA in surgical care and suggests revisiting existing guidelines to include surgeries with any bleeding risk. Further research should examine long-term safety and patient-reported outcomes
Trends in masturbation prevalence and associated factors: findings from the British national surveys of sexual attitudes and lifestyles
Get PDFPrevious evidence suggests that masturbation has a complementary function for women and a compensatory function for men. However, in light of changing attitudes toward masturbation, this gendered model of compensation versus complementation may not remain valid. We studied trends in masturbation prevalence over time and identified sociodemographic, sexual life, attitudinal, and relationship factors associated with reporting masturbation. Data were from individuals taking part in repeat cross-sectional probability sample surveys of the British general population National Survey of Sexual Attitudes and Lifestyles (Natsal): 11161 individuals aged 16–44 years in 1999–2001 (Natsal-2), and 15,162 individuals aged 16–74 years in 2010–12 (Natsal-3). There was a statistically significant increase in the prevalence of reported masturbation in the past month (from 37.0% to 40.3% in women and from 73.4% to 77.5% in men) between 1999 and 2001 and 2010–12. Men who reported the highest intercourse frequency were less likely to report masturbation in the past month, while women with higher intercourse frequency were more likely to report masturbation in the past month. Women and men reporting masturbation in the past month were more likely to report: preference for more frequent intercourse; discrepant sexual interest with a partner; dissatisfaction or distress/worry about their sex life; or sexual difficulties or a partner with sexual difficulties. Hence, when partnered sexuality faces challenges, masturbation may serve as a replacement for both women and men
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