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Inducción a la docencia en educación primaria: propuesta para México a partir de una mirada internacional
No full textTesis inédita de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Facultad de Educación, leída el 29/05/2025El presente documento es un estudio comparado sobre las políticas oficiales y los programas de inducción a la docencia en educación primaria en Argentina, Chile, España y México, analizados a la luz de las recomendaciones de organismos internacionales como la UNESCO, la OCDE, la OEI, la Comisión Europea, el Banco Mundial y la CEPAL en materia de acompañamiento a docentes noveles. A partir de este análisis, se propone un modelo de inducción para el profesorado de reciente ingreso a la educación primaria pública en México, tomando como referencia las buenas prácticas resultantes de la comparación de los países iberoamericanos abordados. El estudio responde a la necesidad de fortalecer la formación inicial y el acompañamiento durante los primeros años de ejercicio docente, una etapa crítica para garantizar la calidad educativa y favorecer la permanencia de la comunidad docente. El objetivo principal es desarrollar una propuesta de inducción que atienda las necesidades del personal docente de nuevo ingreso y se adapte a las particularidades del contexto mexicano...This document is a comparative study of official policies and induction programs in primary education in Argentina, Chile, Spain and Mexico, analyzed in the light of the recommendations of international organizations such as UNESCO, the OECD, the OEI, the European Commission, the World Bank and ECLAC in terms of support for new teachers. Based on this analysis, an induction model for new teachers in public primary education in Mexico is proposed, taking as a reference the best practices resulting from the comparison of the Ibero-American countries addressed. The study responds to the need to strengthen initial training and support during the first years of teaching, a critical stage for guaranteeing educational quality and favoring teacher retention. The main objective is to develop an induction proposal that meets the needs of new teachers and is adapted to the particularities of the Mexican context...Fac. de EducaciónTRUEunpu
Inhibition of Astrocyte Reactivity by Mdivi-1 After Status Epilepticus in Rats Exacerbates Microglia-Mediated Neuroinflammation and Impairs Limbic–Cortical Glucose Metabolism
No full textThe lithium–pilocarpine rat model of status epilepticus (SE) is a well-established paradigm for studying epileptogenesis. Astrocyte reactivity has been implicated in modulating seizure susceptibility and neuroinflammation, yet its functional role in early epileptogenesis remains unclear. Herein, we evaluated the effects of Mdivi-1, a pharmacological inhibitor of mitochondrial fission protein Drp1, for its ability to modulate astrocytic mitochondrial dynamics and for its reported preventive neuroprotective properties. Mdivi-1 was administered shortly after SE onset, and we assessed brain glucose metabolism using [18F]FDG PET, alongside histological markers of neurodegeneration, astrocyte reactivity, and microglial activation, at 3 days post-SE. As expected, SE induced widespread brain hypometabolism measured by a VOI analysis, hippocampal neurodegeneration, and glial activation. Post-SE Mdivi-1 administration reduced hippocampal astrogliosis but neither conferred neuroprotection nor rescued glucose metabolism. On the contrary, Mdivi-1 exacerbated limbic–cortical hypometabolism when evaluated by SPM and normalized to whole brain tracer uptake and microglia-mediated neuroinflammation. These findings challenge the assumption that early astrocyte inhibition confers neuroprotection. Furthermore, early suppression of astrocyte reactivity after the damage has occurred may shift the neuroinflammatory response toward maladaptive microglial activation. Thus, while Mdivi-1 holds promise as a preventive neuroprotective agent, its use post-SE may have unintended adverse effects on the brain’s response to SE.Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (España)Depto. de Farmacología, Farmacognosia y BotánicaDepto. de FisiologíaFac. de FarmaciaFac. de MedicinaInstituto Pluridisciplinar (IP)TRUEpu
Assessment of bone mineral density by fractal dimension in OI patients treated with bisphosphonates
No full textBackground: The efficacy of radiographs in studying bone mineral density (BMD) through fractal dimension (FD) analysis represents a conservative method compared to other traditional examinations. Periapical and panoramic radiographs are routine imaging tests in the radiographic evaluation of pediatric patients with Osteogenesis Imperfecta (OI). Anti-resorptive therapies with bisphosphonates constitute the gold standard in the treatment of these patients, and assessing their effectiveness on bone mineral density is essential to determine the necessity of administering any of these drugs or their combinations. Therefore, this study aims to analyze the differences in fractal dimension measured on orthopantomographs of a sample of patients with OI compared to a matched control group.
METHODS : Panoramic radiographs from 66 patients with OI were analyzed, identifying six regions of interest (ROIs), in mandibular cortical and trabecular bone, using the ImageJ software (version 1.54d). Differences related to the impact of Osteogenesis Imperfecta and the administered anti-resorptive treatment were examined. Statistical analysis of the data was performed with SPSS Statistics 25.0 for Windows.
Results: The values obtained for ROI 3 showed statistically significant differences between the groups (p 0.002), while ROI 5 yielded values close to statistical significance (p 0.090). When analyzing the influence of antiresorptive therapy in these patients, a strong indication of a relationship was found between the values obtained for ROI 1 and 4 and the administration of zoledronic acid.
Conclusions: The studied OI patients showed lower bone mineral density compared to healthy controls. The type of OI influenced the fractal dimension values obtained, with those suffering from severe OI being more affected. Although no statistically significant differences were found, the statistical effect size related to zoledronic acid administration suggested a possible direct relationship with the bone mineral density of these patients.Depto. de Especialidades Clínicas OdontológicasFac. de OdontologíaTRUEpu
El videojuego como espacio vivo de memoria cultural: el triple reto semántico, narrativo y cultural de Black Myth: Wukong en un ecosistema mediático globalizado
No full textThis research explores the growing interest in understanding how digital cultural products convey traditional narratives in an increasingly globalized world. Through an analysis of Black Myth: Wukong—China’s first AAA video game based on the mythology of Journey to the West—it examines the game’s ability to reinterpret traditional mythic imagery through strategies such as immersive aesthetics, interactive narrative design, and transmedia circulation. The study is structured around the theoretical framework “Trina Adaptation: Myth-Digital-Cultural,” which integrates symbolic, technological, cultural, and operational dimensions to analyze how foundational stories are reconstructed to engage international audiences without trivializing their original meanings.
To systematically investigate the game’s cultural adaptation process, a mixed-methods approach is employed with a qualitative emphasis. This combines textual analysis of key scenes, observation of marketing strategies, and an empirical reception study drawing on 30 comments from the Steam platform. This methodology identifies patterns of symbolic encoding and decoding, exploring how international audiences interpret, negotiate, or reject the meanings the game presents.
Findings indicate that Black Myth: Wukong successfully triggers processes of symbolic appropriation through its refined aesthetics and gameplay systems that align with the mythic universe, largely mitigating the problem of “cultural discount.” At the same time, they reveal a diverse yet predominantly positive reception among global audiences, demonstrating the viability of cultural internationalization models that honor symbolic complexity and strategically utilize digital technologies. Finally, the study proposes a set of replicable strategies that can inform the global dissemination of non-Western cultural IPs, helping them achieve intercultural engagement without sacrificing their narrative identity.La presente investigación se enfoca en el aumento del interés por comprender cómo los productos culturales digitales transmiten narrativas tradicionales en un mundo cada vez más globalizado. A través del análisis de Black Myth: Wukong, primer videojuego AAA chino basado en la mitología de Viaje al Oeste, se examina su capacidad para reinterpretar el imaginario mítico tradicional mediante una serie de estrategias como la estética inmersiva, el diseño narrativo interactivo y la circulación transmedia. El trabajo se estructura a partir del modelo teórico “Adaptación Trina: Mito-Digital-Cultural”, que integra dimensiones simbólicas, tecnológicas, culturales y operativas para analizar cómo se reconstruyen los relatos fundacionales a fin de dialogar con audiencias internacionales, sin trivializar sus significados originales.
Con el objetivo de estudiar sistemáticamente el proceso de adaptación cultural del videojuego, se adopta una metodología mixta con predominio cualitativo, combinando el análisis textual de escenas clave, la observación de estrategias de marketing y un estudio empírico de recepción constituido por 30 comentarios de la plataforma Steam. Esta aproximación posibilita identificar patrones de codificación y decodificación simbólica, explorando cómo el público internacional interpreta, negocia o rechaza los significados propuestos por el juego.
Los resultados muestran que Black Myth: Wukong logra activar procesos de apropiación simbólica a través de una estética bien diseñada y un sistema de juego que se alinea con el universo mítico, mitigando en gran medida el problema del "descuento cultural". Al mismo tiempo, se revela una recepción diversa pero predominantemente positiva entre las audiencias globales, lo que demuestra la viabilidad de modelos de internacionalización cultural basados en el respeto por la complejidad simbólica y el uso estratégico de las tecnologías digitales. Finalmente, el estudio propone una serie de estrategias replicables que pueden servir de referencia para la difusión de IPs culturales no occidentales en el ecosistema mediático global, ayudándolas a lograr un desarrollo intercultural sin sacrificar su identidad narrativa.Unidad Deptal. de Sociología: Metodología y TeoríaFac. de Ciencias de la InformaciónTRUEsubmitte
Tuning chemithermomechanical pulps to achieve sustainable packaging materials: study of fines and lignin content
No full textiven the declining demand for newsprint and the rising demand for packaging ma terials, new applications for high-yield pulps (HYPs), such as sustainable packag ing, are being developed. While the traditional use of HYPs as a major component in paperboard is growing alongside this demand, their use in other packaging types with different property demands requires quality modifications or improvements to enhance mechanical strength and/or barrier properties. The research presented here explores the role of lignin and lignin-rich fine content, combined with hot-press technology, in improving the paper produced with chemithermomechanical pulp (CTMP). Critical properties for some packaging materials, as tensile strength (dry and wet) and air permeability were evaluated. Results indicate that moderate delig nification (15%) or increased fines content together with hot-pressing improves the evaluated properties. The highest dry tensile strength was achieved through soft del ignification, tripling the resistance (from 27 to 83 kN m/kg). Maximum wet strength (28 kN m/kg) was obtained with 35% fines content and 260 °C hot-pressing, which also resulted in the densest sheets. Air permeability was significantly reduced, either through partial delignification or by increasing the fines content, resulting in values decreasing from approximately 2000–20 mL/min. This approach aims to develop more sustainable packaging materials without relying on wet strength additives typically derived from fossil raw materialsDepto. de Ingeniería Química y de MaterialesFac. de Ciencias QuímicasTRUEpu
Theoretical Physics methods for high energy scattering
No full textThis work studies high-energy scattering processes using a spinor formalism based on helicity. This formalism exploits the symmetries and conserved quantities of systems to provide solutions to problems that, at a certain level, are very difficult to calculate using traditional methods. Throughout the work, important identities are generated that will lead to calculations of compact scattering amplitudes for Yukawa theory, quantum electrodynamics (QED), and quantum chromodynamics (QCD), culminating in generalizations for the direct derivation of the most complicated amplitudes, such as gluon scattering. The study focuses on on-shell systems at tree level, assuming massless systems, which will lead to large but logical approximations that will make it possible to develop more advanced expressions.Este trabajo estudia procesos de dispersión a altas energías mediante un formalismo de espinores basado en la helicidad. Dicho formalismo aprovecha las simetrías y cantidades conservadas de los sistemas para dar soluciones a problemas que a cierto orden se hacen muy complicados de calcular mediante métodos tradicionales. A lo largo del trabajo se generan importantes identidades que darán lugar a cálculos de compactas amplitudes de dispersión para la teoría de Yukawa, electrodinámica cuántica (QED) y cromodinámica cuántica (QCD), culminando con generalizaciones para la obtención directa de las amplitudes más complicadas, como por ejemplo la dispersión de gluones. El estudio está centrado en sistemas ’on-shell’ a nivel ´árbol asumiendo sistemas sin masa, lo cual dará lugar a grandes pero lógicas aproximaciones que harán posible el desarrollo de expresiones más avanzadas.Depto. de Física TeóricaFac. de Ciencias FísicasTRUEunpu
