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Extraction and quantification of polyphenols
No full textPolyphenols are one of the main classes of secondary metabolites derived from plants offering several health benefits resulting in their use as functional ingredients. Their structural diversity makes them very different from one another in terms of their chemical and physical properties, which makes analysis challenging. The main sources of phenolic compounds are fruits, vegetables, nuts, and processed products, to name but a few. However, attention is now turning to alternative sources of phenolic compounds, namely bio-residues and by-products generated by the agri-food industry. To this end, it is essential to design analytical strategies, thereby allowing the extraction and characterization of phenolic compounds recovered from agri-food residues. Therefore, this chapter aims to give a broad view of the developed methods for the extraction and characterization of polyphenols, including the different workflows and steps involving in the analysis of polyphenols from food stuff and bio-residues.Depto. de Química AnalíticaFac. de Ciencias QuímicasTRUEpu
Pulmonary surfactant in asthma
No full textAcknowledgments/Funding:
The laboratories of the authors are partly funded by the National Program of Biotechnology, Pharmaceutical Industry, and Medical Technology of the Cuban Ministry of Science, Technology and Environment (PN385LH007-003) and the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation (PID2021-124932OB-100, PID2024-156556OB-I00).Pulmonary surfactant is vital in human respiration. It maintains alveoli and terminal conducting airways open and therefore promotes an efficient gas exchange and low resistance in the airways during breathing dynamics. Lack or dysfunction of the pulmonary surfactant system is associated with severe lung disorders. Surfactant ability to maintain low surface tension at the respiratory air-liquid interface, with subsequent good compliance and low resistance in the airways, is extremely important for asthmatic patients. A growing series of experimental evidence indicates that surfactant dysfunction, either associated with the causes or as a consequence of asthma, can contribute to constriction of airways and exacerbation of asthma. Modulation by surfactant of the innate and induced immune response is also an important element defining propensity, but also the resolution of asthmatic crisis. Limited trials indicate that administration of exogenous therapeutic surfactant may offer favorable pharmacological effects to asthmatic patients, possibly by two different mechanisms. On the one hand, it can restore endogenous surface activity and, on the other hand, properly modulate the immune system. The objective of the present review has been to summarize and update available concepts and evidence that support the relationship between pulmonary surfactant and asthma, with particular attention to the role of pulmonary surfactant in the mechanisms of asthma manifestations as well as in the design of innovative future therapies.Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (España)Ministerio de Ciencia, Tecnología y Medioambiente (Cuba)Depto. de Bioquímica y Biología MolecularFac. de Ciencias BiológicasTRUEpu
Middle Magdalenian human occupation at Coímbre Cave, Zone A (Asturias, northern Iberia)
No full textThis paper presents the results of the interdisciplinary study of level Co.A.3 in Zone A of Coímbre Cave (Peñamellera Alta, Asturias, northern Iberian Peninsula), corresponding to a human occupation attributed to the Middle Magdalenian. Despite the limited extent of the excavation, the stratigraphic integrity, contextual coherence, and volume of recovered materials allow for meaningful comparisons with other sectors of the site, particularly Zone B. Flint provenance analysis reveals a marked eastern orientation in raw material procurement, suggesting long-distance acquisition networks or exchange systems, in contrast to the low representation of western sources despite their geographic proximity. The zooarchaeological study indicates a subsistence strategy focused primarily on ibex and red deer, with evidence of systematic processing and a broad age range among the hunted individuals. Spatial modelling through cost-distance analysis defines a restricted catchment area of 57.96 km2, shaped by the rugged topography between the Sierra del Cuera and the Picos de Europa, and suggests predominantly east–west mobility patterns along the Cares River. Finally, AMS radiocarbon dates confirm the presence of a chronological hiatus between the Lower and Middle Magdalenian occupations, consistent across both excavated areas. Altogether, these findings provide new insights into settlement dynamics, mobility strategies, and regional interaction patterns during the Middle Magdalenian, supporting the hypothesis of a cultural and territorial reconfiguration in the Cantabrian region at the onset of this phase.Depto. de Prehistoria, Historia Antigua y ArqueologíaFac. de Geografía e HistoriaTRUEpu
Defensas de aportaciones para sexenios: ejemplos del área de Ciencias de la Información (Convocatoria 2024)
No full textEl objetivo de este documento es ofrecer una muestra de defensas de aportaciones presentadas por el profesorado de la facultad de Ciencias de la Información de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid en la convocatoria 2024 de sexenios. Las contribuciones incluidas han sido elaboradas por Gema Bonales Daimiel quien han decidido compartir generosamente sus ejemplos como un recurso orientativo para otros colegas que se enfrenten a este proceso en el futuro.
Es importante destacar que este material tiene un carácter estrictamente informativo y no pretende ser un manual ni una guía exhaustiva. Aunque las defensas presentadas obtuvieron una valoración positiva, su inclusión no implica que representen modelos ideales ni definitivos. Cada investigador o investigadora debe adaptar su enfoque según las particularidades de sus aportaciones y los criterios específicos de evaluación establecidos para cada caso.Depto. de Ciencias de la Comunicación AplicadaFac. de Ciencias de la InformaciónFALSEunpu