47242 research outputs found
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SeismicSense: Phase Picking of Seismic Events with Embedded Machine Learning
No full textAnalyzing seismic data is essential for understanding natural geological processes and anthropogenic activities, particularly in localizing seismic events. While recent advances in seismic analysis rely heavily on resource-intensive machine learning approaches, these methods are impractical in resource-constrained environments such as underwater, underground, or rural areas. To address this, we introduce SeismicSense, a lightweight neural network (NN)-based solution for sensor-level seismic data analysis. SeismicSense detects seismic events and localizes them by identifying seismic event phases through a cascading architecture. Initially, SeismicSense uses an NN to filter out non-earthquake events, minimizing false positives. Upon identifying an earthquake, it detects the P- and S- phases, which are crucial for determining the origin and magnitude of seismic activity. SeismicSense significantly reduces data transmission by communicating only the arrival times of these phases to the cloud, enabling efficient and selective communication during seismic events. Despite being 20 times smaller than state-of-the-art models and requiring just 186 KB of RAM, SeismicSense achieves exceptional performance, with F1-scores of 99.4% for earthquake detection, 98% for P-wave detection, and 96% for S-wave detection. Additionally, leveraging integer acceleration on modern MCUs enhances efficiency, reducing inference time on Cortex-M MCUs by 18-fold compared to non-accelerated methods, enabling real-time execution
No compromise in efficiency from the co-application of a marine and a terrestrial CDR method
No full textModelled pathways consistent with the Paris Agreement goals to mitigate warming typically include the large-scale application of Carbon Dioxide Removal (CDR), which can include both land- and marine-based CDR methods. However, the Earth system responses and feedbacks to scaling up and/or combining different CDR methods remain understudied. Here, these are assessed by employing two Earth System Models, with a multifactorial setup of 42 emission-driven simulations covering the whole spectrum of Afforestation/Reforestation (0-927 Mha) and of Ocean Alkalinity Enhancement (0-18 Pmol) over the 21 st century. We show that global carbon flux responses scale linearly when different CDR methods are scaled up and/or combined, which suggests that the efficiency of CDR is insensitive to both the amount of CDR and the CDR portfolio composition. Therefore, combining CDR methods, which seems beneficial for diversifying risks and remaining below sustainability thresholds, does not compromise the efficiency of individual applications
1. Wochenbericht RV Alkor AL633
No full text1st weekly report (24 May - 01 June 2025), R/V Alkor, cruise AL633 BASS-2025 to the Eastern Gotland Basin, Kiel - Kie
Annette-Barthelt Award for outstanding doctoral dissertations in the field of marine research
No full textDevelopment of Metadata Standards for 3D Seismic and Active Source Ocean Bottom Seismometer Data
No full textThe reuse of marine seismic data requires standardised metadata. MetaSeis is the follow-up of a successfully completed similar project for two-dimensional multichannel seismic reflection raw data, conducted in collaboration with the DAM (German Marine Research Alliance) Underway Research Data initiative within the NFDI4Earth framework. The goal of MetaSeis is to develop and test metadata standards for three-dimensional seismic data and ocean bottom seismometer recordings of controlled seismic events. These events typically involve shots using airguns, as opposed to the passive recordings of earthquake seismicity that were addressed in the former HMC project eFAIRs. The first phase of the MetaSeis project involves two main tasks. First, we have adapted the two-dimensional seismic metadata standard for use with three-dimensional data, incorporating the added complexities of more extensive navigation data. This revised standard was initially tested during the R/V Maria S. Merian voyage MSM132, refined, and then reapplied during R/V Sonne voyage SO310. Further modifications are still required to accommodate the more complex data acquisition processes used by the Bundesanstalt für Geowissenschaften und Rohstoffe. Additionally, we are examining the latest industry standards to investigate if they are suitable for the scientific community. Second, MetaSeis assessed the status of legacy ocean bottom seismometer data at Alfred Wegener Institute and developed a workflow for archiving these data using a future metadata standard. In parallel, a separate standard is being developed for newly acquired ocean bottom seismometer data. The project aims to streamline the archiving of new three-dimensional reflection seismic and active-source ocean bottom seismometer data and to make these datasets more accessible for big data applications
Global Impacts Dataset of Invasive Alien Species (GIDIAS)
No full textInvasive alien species are a major driver of global change, impacting biodiversity, ecosystem services, and human livelihoods. To document these impacts, we present the Global Impacts Dataset of Invasive Alien Species (GIDIAS), a dataset on the positive, negative and neutral impacts of invasive alien species on nature, nature’s contributions to people, and good quality of life. This dataset arises from the Intergovernmental Science-Policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services’ (IPBES) thematic assessment report of this topic. Data were compiled from published sources, including grey literature, reporting a direct observation of an invasive alien species’ impact. All impact records contain up to 52 fields of contextual information and attempt to link impacts to the global standard “environmental impact classification for alien taxa” (EICAT) and “socio-economic impact classification for alien taxa” (SEICAT). GIDIAS includes more than 22000 records of impacts caused by 3353 invasive alien species (plants, vertebrates, invertebrates, microorganisms) from all continents and realms (terrestrial, freshwater, marine), extracted from over 6700 sources. We intend GIDIAS to be a global resource for investigating and managing the variety of impacts of invasive alien species across taxa and regions. © The Author(s) 2025
Crinoids (Echinodermata, Articulata) from the Campanian (Upper Cretaceous) rocky shore at Ivö Klack, southern Sweden
No full textTen species of crinoids are recorded from a rocky shoreline deposit of upper lower Campanian age at Ivö Klack in southern Sweden. These include three comatulids, i.e., Semiometra annulata Rasmussen, 1961, S. impressa (Carpenter, 1881), and Loriolometra retzii (Lundgren, 1875), three isocrinids, i.e., Nielsenicrinus cf. carinatus (Roemer, 1840), and isocrinid sp. 1 and sp. 2, as well as four pelagic roveacrinids, i.e., Stellacrinus lineatus Gale, 2018, Crassicoma suedica sp. nov., Applinocrinus cretaceus forma spinifer Gale, 2018 and Cultellacrinus labyrinthus Gale, 2016. The comatulids and isocrinids coexisted in shallow (<30 m), highenergy coastal environments, whereas the roveacrinids were Chalk Sea dwellers in the upper water column that were washed into the shallows by currents. The presence of isocrinids in such shallow habitats is remarkable given that these environments are characterised by high biodiversity, intense predation pressure, strong currents and waveagitated waters – conditions typically considered unsuitable for these slowmoving stalked crinoids, and the reason they are thought to be confined to depths in excess of 100 m in presentday oceans. The Ivö Klack specimens presented herein represent the only known occurrence of isocrinids in a rocky shoreline deposit, marking a notable shift in isocrinid ecology and habitat preference. The limited stratigraphical ranges of the roveacrinids in expanded chalk successions elsewhere corroborates other age assignments of the succession at Ivö Klack
Data report: core-seismic integration and time-depth relationships at IODP Expedition 398 Hellenic Arc Volcanic Field sites
No full textWe present seismic two-way traveltime depth relationships for all sites drilled by the International Ocean Discovery Program Expedition 398, Hellenic Arc Volcanic Field, using high-resolution multichannel seismic and core data. First, we filter and interpolate P-wave velocity and density data taken from (1) whole-round cores and (2) discrete measurements on half-round cores. We establish the reliability of shipboard density measurements by comparing them with in situ logging data. Using these validated measurements, we estimate acoustic impedance and synthetic seismograms. By correlating synthetic seismograms with those extracted from multichannel seismic profiles at each site, we establish time-depth relationships. We assess the quality of these relationships by examining the alignment of major lithologic boundaries with prominent unconformities or correlated conformities in the reflection seismic data. The results of this report facilitate the mapping of core data onto the multichannel seismic profiles at each site, allowing for spatial tracing of core data across the Christiana-Santorini-Kolumbo volcanic field
Disentangling the effects of climate change in a mountain lake through community structure analysis
No full textPressures of climate change may trigger regime shifts in ecosystems. Identifying signs of these pressures before the critical transition remains challenging, and it could be useful to anticipate the regime shift. In this research, while exploiting the case of a lacustrine ecosystem, which passed from an unvegetated, phytoplankton-dominated state to a macrophyte-dominated regime, we analyzed the role of warming as a slow driver when far from the regime shift. To this end, we combined the analysis of the time series of the driver of pressure and of the response variables with the qualitative analysis of the lake community food web structure. Predictions obtained about the response of plankton populations to simulated press perturbations due to warming were consistent with observed variation in their levels of abundance, confirming that warming was a slow driver and unveiling the mechanistic basis of its effects. This case study suggests a novel approach to interpret early changes in ecosystems subjected to slow drivers of pressure, extending the toolkit beyond the analysis of statistical signature and manipulative experiments. Climatic variations gradually alter the external conditions that ecosystems face, and the approach presented here could help monitor their responses to climate change
Weltkriegsmunition in Nord- und OstseeRostender: Militärschrott auf dem Meeresboden
No full textVor allem nach dem Zweiten Weltkrieg wurde tonnenweise Munition ins Meer gekippt. Korrosion setzt Patronen und Bomben zu: Das krebserregende TNT entweicht. Wie groß ist die Gefahr für Mensch und Umwelt? Und kann die Bergung der Altlasten gelingen