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What artificial intelligence can do for high-performance computing systems?
No full textpeer reviewedHigh-performance computing (HPC) centers consume substantial power, incurring environmental and operational costs. This review assesses how artificial intelligence (AI), including machine learning (ML) and optimization, improves the efficiency of operational HPC systems. Approximately 1,800 publications from 2019 to 2025 were manually screened using predefined inclusion/exclusion criteria; 74 “AI for HPC” papers were retained and grouped into six application areas: performance estimation, performance optimization, scheduling, surrogate modeling, fault detection, and language-model-based automation. Scheduling is the most active area, spanning research-oriented reinforcement-learning schedulers to production-friendly hybrids that combine ML with heuristics. Supervised performance estimation is foundational for both scheduling and optimization. Graph neural networks and time-series models strengthen anomaly detection by capturing spatio-temporal dependencies in production telemetry. Domain-specialized language models for HPC can outperform general-purpose LLMs on targeted coding and automation tasks. Together, these findings highlight integration opportunities such as LLM-based operating-system concepts and underscore the need for advances in MLOps, standardization of AI components, and benchmarking methodology
Are impact crypto assets a new emerging asset class for sustainable and impact investors?
No full textpeer reviewedTokenization and distributed ledger technologies are unlocking new opportunities for sustainable investors willing not only earn financial returns but also contribute towards long-term societal and environmental goals. We build the Impact Crypto Index composed of crypto assets with strong focus on impact investing and sustainability and analyze its diversification and hedging properties in combination with major cryptocurrencies and traditional market indices. Our results indicate that the Impact Crypto Index exhibits lower volatility exposure than Bitcoin and Ethereum. Moreover, it offers strong diversification potential in combination with the S&P Clean Energy Index across various investment horizons, extending the portfolio opportunities for investors seeking investments with purpose.NCER-FT - FinTech National Centre of Excellence in Researc
Towards Effective E-Participation of Citizens in the European Union: The Development of AskThePublic
No full textpeer reviewedE-participation platforms are an important asset for governments in increasing trust and fostering democratic societies. By engaging public and private institutions and individuals, policymakers can make informed and inclusive decisions. However, current approaches of primarily static nature struggle to integrate citizen feedback effectively. Drawing on the Media Richness Theory and applying the Design Science Research method, we explore how a chatbot can address these shortcomings to improve the decision-making abilities for primary stakeholders of e-participation platforms. Leveraging the ”Have Your Say” platform, which solicits feedback on initiatives and regulations by the European Commission, a Large Language Model-based chatbot, called AskThePublic is created, providing policymakers, journalists, researchers, and interested citizens with a convenient channel to explore and engage with citizen input. Evaluating AskThePublic in 11 semi-structured interviews with public sector-affiliated experts, we find that the interviewees value the interactive and structured responses as well as enhanced language capabilities.R-AGR-3728 - PEARL/IS/13342933/DFS - FRIDGEN Gilbert9. Industry, innovation and infrastructur
PSFP in TSN Networks: Insights into Some Practical Limitations
No full textpeer reviewedPer-Stream Filtering and Policing (PSFP), standardized in IEEE 802.1Qci, is a mechanism for providing fault containment in Time-Sensitive Networking (TSN) networks. This paper examines limitations of PSFP, showing that the fault-containment can be insufficient. In particular, the Flow Meter inside PSFP measures traffic in Service Data Unit (SDU) bytes – i.e., from the MAC destination address through the Frame Check Sequence. However, common Ethernet shapers such as the Credit-Based Shaper (CBS) regulate traffic based on the full 'on-wire' packet length, which includes the SDU plus the 8-byte preamble and the 12-byte inter-frame gap. This results in a 20-byte per-frame gap that increases admissible rates: with minimum-size packets, a talker can exceed its contractual bandwidth by up to 30%. In addition to the contract not being enforced, an independent stream might be penalized due to a queue build up. Through simulations with RTaW-Pegase software and hardware-in-the-loop experiments on a TSN testbed, we quantify these effects and evaluate configuration-level mitigations. We then discuss possible evolutions of the standard, including overhead-aware byte counting, which could address these gaps
XROV: An Immersive eXtended Reality (XR) Interface for Lunar Rover Mission Control
Full text linkpeer reviewedThe Moon is once again a focal point for space exploration, with interest extending from space agencies to private companies. Recent discoveries of lunar resources and the potential to develop a lunar economy based on in-Situ Resource Utilisation (ISRU) have accelerated the development of advanced robotic technologies. This is clear in the increasing number of missions, with three landers deployed in 2024, and an additional three as of March 2025. To ensure successful robotic lunar operations, reliable human supervision and control are essential, supported by advanced systems that enhance operator situational awareness. This paper presents the eXtended Reality interface for lunar ROVer Mission Control (XROV) - a novel system designed to enable immersive teleoperation and monitoring of lunar rovers. XROV provides operators with an online 3D virtual reconstruction of the rover’s lunar surroundings using on-board sensor data, allowing them to visualize regions of interest from multiple perspectives and identify risks such as wheel-ground interactions and hazards with Artificial Intelligence (AI). Additionally, a Graphical User Interface (GUI) is proposed to improve human-robot interaction, displaying critical information such as rock coordinates, battery levels, and terrain elevation. XROV employs a human-in-the-loop approach, which is essential for ensuring adaptability and informed decision making during AI-assisted rover missions. The system was designed, implemented, and tested at the Lunalab, University of Luxembourg, where two experiments were conducted with different operators and real rovers. The results demonstrate the effectiveness of XROV in improving situational awareness, control, and user experience, making it a valuable tool for teleoperating rovers in hazardous and unexplored lunar environments
Die Waffe Newton. Mit dem leeren Raum gegen die Feinde der Aufklärung
No full texteditorial reviewedWie konnte Isaac Newton im Laufe des 18. Jahrhunderts zu einem Heiligen des Aufklärungszeitalters werden, obwohl sein Werk bei seinem Tod 1727 in Frankreich nur unter Vorbehalt aufgenommen wurde? Christian Reidenbach geht in „Die Waffe Newton“ diesem Paradox nach und erzählt die Erfolgsgeschichte einer Kampagne der Wissenschaftsvermittlung.
Ihre Protagonisten sind – mit Émilie du Châtelet als gemeinsamem Bezugspunkt – die Aufklärer Voltaire, Maupertuis und Algarotti, die sich gegen den Widerstand eines cartesianisch geprägten akademischen Establishments behaupten. Unter ihrer Feder wird Newtons Lehre von der universellen Gravitation im leeren Raum zum Treiber gesellschaftlicher Emanzipation.
Von hier aus schlägt „Die Waffe Newton“ den Bogen zu Kant: Mit Newton als Referenzgröße verbinden sich in seiner „Allgemeinen Naturgeschichte“ empirische Beobachtung, rationales Denken und poetische Imagination zu einer großen Synthese des unendlichen Weltgebäudes – und leiten zugleich den Übergang zu einer neuen, kritisch-reflektierten Bestimmung des Raums und der menschlichen Freiheit ein.
Ein Buch, das zeigt, wie aus Naturwissenschaft Weltanschauung wird und wie eine Idee die geistige Landschaft Europas verändert
Le rapport Werner en suspens. Les débats autour de l'Union économique et monétaire en 1973
No full textpeer reviewe
Surface and subsoil exploitation under Luxembourg law
No full textpeer reviewedPanorama des principaux fondements juridiques permettant l'exploitation des sols et sous-sols en droit luxembourgeoi