1869 research outputs found
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Computing minimal mappings between lightweight ontologies
No full textAs a valid solution to the semantic heterogeneity problem, many matching solutions have been proposed. Given two lightweight ontologies, we compute the minimal mapping, namely the subset of all possible correspondences, that we call mapping elements, between them such that i) all the others can be computed from them in time linear in the size of the input ontologies, and ii) none of them can be dropped without losing property i). We provide a formal definition of minimal mappings and define a time efficient computation algorithm which minimizes the number of comparisons between the nodes of the two input ontologies. The experimental results show a substantial improvement both in the computation time and in the number of mapping elements which need to be handled, for instance for validation, navigation and search. The original publication is available at: www.springerlink.com (http://www.springerlink.com/content/aq381263656v6755/)
Reasoning about Contextual Requirements for Mobile Information Systems: a Goal-based Approach
No full textMobile information systems are characterized by their ability to adapt to varying contexts. There is a strong relationship between the requirements of a mobile information system and its operational context. On the one hand, context can be considered to determine the requirements, the alternatives that can be adopted to satisfy these requirements, and qualities of the systems. On the other hand, the system itself may cause changes in the context during its operational activities. More fundamentally, context influences users' goals and the way they achieve these goals. In previous work, we introduced contextual goal modeling, a systematic way to analyze and specify contexts. The key idea was to associate variants for goal satisfaction with contexts. In this paper, we propose analysis techniques and automated reasoning mechanisms to verify properties of contextual goal models. We show how to detect inconsistent context specifications and how to analyze possible runtime conflicts originated by context changes. Also, we present an analysis process to construct and reason about contextual goal models. We illustrate and evaluate our framework through a case study of a mobile information system for supporting the life of people with dementia
The Publicness of Public Space: On the Public Domain
No full textThis essay attempts to elaborate a notion of ‘public domain’ in order to capture the elusive features of ‘public-ness’. Its leading question can thus be put as follows: ‘what is specifically public in public situations and public spaces? What is the specific dynamic that contradistinguishes the public?’ A series of empirical cases taken from different contexts, which functions as thought-provoking illustration of the theoretical issues at stakes, is discussed. Theoretically, the essay draws from, and suggests a critical synthesis of, four major threads of research: political and social philosophy (notion of ‘public sphere’), interaction sociology and cultural studies (notion of ‘public realm’), urban studies (notion of ‘public space’) and the literature on governance and policing (notion of ‘public order’). Accordingly, the public domain is conceptualised as an ecology of three ecologies; in other words, it is regarded as composed of a media ecology (or, an ecology of mediations), an urban ecology and an ecology of attentions. An evental perspective on the public domain is proposed, which takes into account the convergences and the tensions that exist within the social between material and immaterial dimensions. From this perspective, the public domain is inherently defined by the events of visibility, accessibility, circulation, appropriation and resistance
ResEval: A Mashup Platform for Research Evaluation
No full textBibliometrics has changed out the way the research evaluation conducted, and it is widely used to evaluate research groups, individual research's, department and many more. However establishing fair criteria to evaluate the scientific community, as well as individual publications and researcher, is a tough task and constitutes a challenge that has not been achieved yet. This paper addresses the problem of research evaluation and introduces ResEval, a mashup platform that enables the creation of customize metrics and their computation in order to make the scientific evaluation easier. This platform addresses various problems with current approaches such as data incompleteness, flexibility in defining new metrics, fixed UI restrictions for the customization of metrics and to apply filters
String Similarity Measures and Pam-like Matrices for Cognate Identification
No full textWe present a new automatic learning system for cognate identification. We design a linguistic-inspired substitution matrix to align sensibly our training dataset. We introduce a PAM-like technique, similar to the one successfully used in biological sequence analysis, in order to learn substitution parameters. We propose a novel family of parameterised string similarity measures and we apply them together with the PAM-like matrices to the task of cognate identification. We train and test our proposal on standard datasets of Indo-European languages in orthographic format based on the Latin alphabet, but it could easily be adapted to datasets using any other alphabet, including the phonetic alphabet if data was available. We compare our system with other models reported in the literature and the results show that our method outperforms both orthographic and phonetic approaches formerly presented, increasing the accuracy by approximately 5%
Automated Parameter Configuration for an SMT Solver
No full textIn this thesis, we use an Automatic Configuration Framework (implemented in ParamILS) to find the most suitable techniques for a set of popular theories solved by Satisfiability Modulo Theories (SMT). The techniques that we investigate are the most effective techniques of interest for the lazy SMT and which have been proposed in various communities and implemented in the MathSAT tool. The ultimate goal of this thesis is to provide the guidelines about the choice of optimized techniques for solving popular theories using SMT
A Classification of Semantic Annotation Systems
No full textThe Object-Subject-Predicate triple annotation system is now well adopted in the research community, however, it does not always speak to end-users. In fact, explaining all the complexity of semantic annotation systems to laymen can sometime be difficult. We believe that this communication can be simplified by providing a meaningful abstraction of the state of the art in semantic annotation models and thus, in this article, we describe the issue of semantic annotation and review a number of research and end-user tools in the field. Doing so, we provide a clear classification schemes of the features of annotation systems. We then show how this scheme can be used to clarify requirements of end-user use cases and thus simplify the communication between semantic annotation experts and the actual users of this technology
Vladimir Odoevskij e la svetskaja povest’: dalle opere giovanili ai racconti della maturità
No full textA partire all’incirca dalla metà degli anni Venti dell’Ottocento, in un periodo cruciale di radicali trasformazioni per il sistema delle lettere russe, la prosa comincia ad incalzare la poesia, fino a quel momento dominatrice della scena letteraria. Tra i generi prosastici in primo piano balza la povest’ (‘racconto lungo’ o ‘romanzo breve’), una forma narrativa che accomuna opere anche molto diverse tra loro per sjužet, stile e contenuto. All’epoca particolare successo riscuotono, oltre alle povesti storiche e fantastiche, quelle che ritraggono la vita dell’alta società russa (lo svet). È a questo specifico paradigma narrativo che il principe Vladimir Fedorovic Odoevskij rivolge la propria attenzione, sperimentando elementi tematici e moduli espressivi che contribuiscono a gettare le basi della moderna prosa russa. Nel presente lavoro vengono prese in esame le caratteristiche precipue della svetskaja povest’, le sue radici storico-culturali e i suoi legami con la coeva letteratura europea. Vengono inoltre analizzati i principali testi che si riferiscono sia al periodo giovanile di attività dello scrittore – un settore complessivamente poco studiato della narrativa di Odoevskij – sia a quello della maturità
Guidelines for annotating the LUNA corpus with frame information
No full textThis document defines the annotation workflow aimed at adding frame information to the LUNA corpus of conversational speech. In particular, it details both the corpus pre-processing steps and the proper annotation process, giving hints about how to choose the frame and the frame element labels. Besides, the description of 20 new domain-specific and language-specific frames is reported. To our knowledge, this is the first attempt to adapt the frame paradigm to dialogs and at the same time to define new frames and frame elements for the specific domain of software/hardware assistance. The technical report is structured as follows: in Section 2 an overview of the FrameNet project is given, while Section 3 introduces the LUNA project and the annotation framework involving the Italian dialogs. Section 4 details the annotation workflow, including the format preparation of the dialog files and the annotation strategy. In Section 5 we discuss the main issues of the annotation of frame information in dialogs and we describe how the standard annotation procedure was changed in order to face such issues. Then, the 20 newly introduced frames are reported in Section 6
India
No full textQuesto Quaderno contiene la prima parte di uno studio sull’istruzione in India. Dopo una breve presentazione di alcuni dati in materia, viene esaminata la storia del paese (l’India antica, dopo la civiltà vedica, l’India dopo l’indipendenza), con un approfondimento sulle caste e le religioni (nelle analisi di Weber e Dumont) e sulla costituzione indiana. Per quanto riguarda la situazione attuale, i temi trattati sono la politica (le elezioni generali del 2009, la corruzione, i disordini politici, la politica estera); l’economia (l’India tra crescita e crisi, alcuni caratteri dell’economia indiana: l’economia informale, l’agricoltura, il settore IT e le zone economiche speciali); la società: sono presentati dati sulla demografia e lo stato di salute della popolazione, su povertà e disuguaglianze, con particolare riferimento alle caste e alle disuguaglianze di genere, e, infine, su stratificazione e mobilità