1869 research outputs found
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Recommendations for Better Quality Ontology Matching Evaluations
No full textEvaluating and comparing different ontology matching techniques is a complex multifaceted problem. Currently, diverse golden standards and various practices are used for evaluations. In this paper we show that, by following certain rules, the quality of the evaluations can be significantly improved, particularly in regard to the accuracy of precision and recall measures obtained
Modeling a distributed Heterogeneous Communication System using Parametric Timed Automata
No full textIn this report, we study the application of the Parametric Timed Automata(PTA) tool to a concrete case of a distributed Heterogeneous Communication System (HCS). The description and requirements of HCS are presented and the system modeling is explained carefully. The system models are developed in UPPAAL and validated by different test cases. Part of the system models are then converted into parametric timed automata and the schedulability checking is run to produce the schedulability regions
The Social Computer: Combining Machine and Human Computation
No full textThe social computer is a future computational system that harnesses the innate problem solving, action and information gathering powers of humans and the environments in which they live in order to tackle large scale social problems that are beyond our current capabilities. The hardware of a social computer is supplied by people’s brains and bodies, the environment where they live, including artifacts, e.g., buildings and roads, sensors into the environment, networks and computers; while the software is the people’s minds, laws, organizational and social rules, social conventions, and computer software. Similarly to what happens within a conventional computer and more interestingly within naturally occurring reasoning and control systems like the human body, a social computer exhibits an algorithmic behavior and problem solving capabilities which are the result of very large numbers of local computations, decisions, interactions, data and control information transfers
Reasoning about Relation Based Access Control
No full textRelation Based Access Control (RelBAC) is an access control model that places permissions as first class concepts. Under this model, we discuss in this paper how to formalize typical access control policies with Description Logics. Important security properties, i.e., Separation of Duties (SoD) and Chinese Wall are studied and formally represented in RelBAC. To meet the needs of automated tools for administrators, we show that RelBAC can formalize and answer queries about access control requests and administrative checks resorting to the reasoning services of the underlying Description Logic
GRAPES: a Generic Environment for P2P Streaming
No full textPractical implementation of new P2P streaming systems requires a lot of coding and is often tedious and costly, slowing down the technology transfer from the research community to real users. GRAPES aims at relieving this burden, and speed-up application development, by providing a set of open-source components conceived as basic build- ing blocks for building new P2P streaming applications. GRAPES is designed to be usable in different environments and situations, to have a minimal set of pre-requisites and dependencies, and not to impose any particular constraints on applications using it. The development of streamers in the Napa-Wine project [1] has shown that using GRAPES P2P streaming applications with different characteristics can be developed by only writing a small amount of glue code that connects the desired functionalities and dictates the architecture of the streamer
Stochastic Local Search for SMT
No full textWe describe a new SMT procedure integrating a Boolean Stochastic Local Search (SLS) algorithm with a T-solver by lazy approach. The SLS-based SMT solver uses the SLS solver to explore the set of assignments in order to find an optimal truth assignment for the Boolean abstraction of the input formula. Then it invokes the T-solver to find conflicts which are used for guiding the SLS search process. We also implemented a group of techniques in order to improve the effictiveness of our SMT procedure
“Lost in Legislation”: il diritto multilivello delle biobanche di ricerca nel sistema delle fonti del diritto (convenzioni internazionali, leggi europee, nazionali e regionali, softlaw) = “Lost in legislation”: the Multilevel Governance of Research Biobanks and the Sources of Law (International Conventions, European, National and Regional legislations, Softlaw)
No full textLa doppia elica del DNA racchiude al suo interno la chiave di accesso per la comprensione di malattie ritenute fino ad oggi incurabili. Le sue componenti rappresentano, infatti, una straordinaria fonte di informazioni rilevante dal punto di vista scientifico e di riflesso anche economico. Eppure, le speranze della scienza e delle medicina personalizzata non sono unicamente riposte nel cosiddetto codice della vita. I progressi della ricerca biomedica, raggiunti negli ultimi anni, sono riconducibili sia agli sviluppi della biologia molecolare, che ha permesso l’analisi massiccia dei dati genetici, sia alla possibilità di disporre di una massa critica di campioni biologici, raccolti, annotati e conservati secondo standard di elevata qualità. Da qui, la necessità di creare strumenti di lavoro e strutture come le biobanche, capaci di collezionare in maniera sistematica, organizzata e professionale materiale biologico di origine umana. Il termine biobanca conosce diverse declinazioni all’interno del panorama scientifico, potendosi esse distinguere a seconda del tipo di materiale che conservano e dello scopo per cui sono state istituite. Di fronte a questo composito scenario, la disciplina giuridica delle biobanche di ricerca appare altrettanto articolata. Manca ancora una definizione condivisa di biobanca e nel silenzio del legislatore prolificano le guidelines ed altri strumenti non vincolanti. Il ruolo dell’interprete, in un simile frangente, è pertanto quello di ricomporre le tessere di questo variegato mosaico, applicando alla disciplina giuridica della biobanca quella regolamentazione, contenuta in altri atti, che può interessarla sotto alcuni profili. Dall’analisi del panorama normativo internazionale, europeo ed italiano emerge forte l’esigenza di creare tassonomie comuni e di predisporre un quadro omogeneo capace di rispondere alle sfide etiche e giuridiche più pressanti sollevate dalle biobanche. Occorre, altresì, guardare con attenzione ai recenti scenari che la regionalizzazione del diritto delle biobanche prospetta a livello italiano. In assenza di un quadro comune di riferimento, lo zelo di alcuni legislatori regionali potrebbe ottenere l’effetto indesiderato di frammentare la disciplina e di creare standard e procedure che ostacolano l’interazione tra i diversi attori del biobanking. Un argomento così complesso non può che essere affrontato a livello multidisciplinare, tenendo conto di tutti i soggetti coinvolti. Se dal punto di vista medico-scientifico è ormai assodata l’importanza del ruolo delle biobanche, dal punto di vista legislativo occorre creare un’adeguata cornice normativa internazionale e nazionale che tuteli sia gli interessi del paziente - predisponendo una disciplina chiara ed equilibrata che regoli le differenti fasi del trattamento del materiale biologico umano “dalla sala operatoria al laboratorio del ricercatore” - sia degli operatori sanitari e dei ricercatori, facendo in modo che questa stessa disciplina sia dotata della flessibilità necessaria per non imbrigliare lo sviluppo scientifico e tecnologico propiziato dalle biobanche. ENGLISH ABSTRACT The DNA's double helix contains the key access to the understanding of diseases that were considered incurable so far. From the scientifical and subsequent economic point of view its components are, in fact, an unique source of relevant information. However, the hopes of science and personalized medicine are not only stored in the so-called code of life. In recent years the progress of biomedical research is attributable both to the development of molecular biology, which led to the massive analysis of genetic data, and to the possibility of having a critical mass of biological samples, collected, annotated and stored according to high quality standards. Hence, there is a need to create working tools and facilities such as biobanks, able to collect in a systematic, organized and professional way human biological materials. The term biobank knows different variations within the scientific scene, since it’s possible to distinguish them depending on the type of collected material and the purpose for which they were established. Mirroring this variegated scenario, the legal framework of research biobanks is equally in search of a systematic order. There is still no agreed definition of the term biobank, while the regulatory gap is naturally driving to the development of nonbinding guidelines. Therefore, the role of the interpreter in such a situation is to reassemble the pieces of this colorful mosaic, applying the legal rules contained in unspecific legislative provisions in order to give the mutch needed regulatory responses which the stakeholders of the biobanking world are waiting at the European level. At the European level one can detect a strong need to create shared taxonomies, and provide a consistent framework capable of responding to the most pressing legal and ethical challenges raised by biobanks. At the national, Italian level, it is also necessary to pay attention to the scenarios proposed by the recent “regionalization” of biobank law. Absent a common frame of reference, the zeal of some regional legislators could get the unintended effect of fragmenting the discipline, creating standards and procedures which risk to hinder the interaction between the different actors of biobanking. Such a complex subject, in fact, can only be considered in a multidisciplinary perspective, taking into account all the actors involved. Thus, if the medical science side has established the important role of biobanks, on the legislative side an appropriate legislative framework is needed. The latter, composed both by international and national legislation, should protect the interests of the patient - providing clear and balanced rules governing the different stages of human biological material treatment “from the operating room to the laboratory of researcher” - of the health professionals and researchers, ensuring that the same discipline is equipped with the necessary flexibility to not harness the development of science and technology favoured by biobanks . Questo paper © Copyright 2010 Rossana Ducato è pubblicato con Creative Commons Attribuzione-Non commerciale-Non opere derivate 2.5 Italia License. Maggiori informazioni circa la licenza all’URL: <http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/2.5/it/
Constitutionalism and Constitutional Anomie in the New Europe
No full textThe recent (re-)establishment of constitutional democracies in Central and Eastern Europe is affected by a paradoxical situation: while modern constitutionalism was significantly strenghtened by the ‘new constitutionalism’ in the region, it is itself increasingly seen as out of touch with (pluralist) reality. In the paper, I explore to what extent it can be claimed that the new constitutionalism adopted in the former communist countries is a reinvigorated version of ‘traditional’ modern constitutionalism. To the extent that this seems indeed to be the case, I outline a number of problématiques or tensions that modern constitutionalism provokes in the current European context. These include four problématiques in particular: state-centrism, cultural diversity, depoliticization, and participation. In the third section, I will discuss possible solutions to or ways out of these four problématiques by hinting at, in a descriptive sense, insufficiently (or un-)explored dimensions of the Central and Eastern European constitutions. And in a more normative sense, I will at the same time indicate possible steps towards constitutional change that would, in my view, make current constitutional orders more amenable to challenges of pluralism, democratic legitimacy, and post-nationalism
La modellazione idraulica dei fluidi bifasici solido liquido
No full textSommario
Si propone una rivisitazione delle teorie bifasiche solido-fluido, applicate alle correnti idriche, con particolare riferimento alle correnti gravitazionali che interessano gli alvei a forte pendenza. Viene posta particolare enfasi al problema della coesistenza del regime frizionale e del regime collisionale.
Nella nota si riportano anche alcuni riscontri sperimentali delle più recenti teorie su questo particolare punto.
La nota è una relazione generale tenuta dall'autore al XXXII Convegno di Idraulica e Costruzioni Idrauliche, tenutosi a Palermo
nel settembre 2010.
Abstract
The paper presents an overview of the theories on two-phase (solid-fluid) approaches to the water flows, with particular reference to gravitative granular flows, affecting the mountain steep streams, such as debris flows.
Particular emphasis is given to the problem of the coexistence of the frictional regime and the collisional regime inside the same flow field.
The note reports also some experimental evidences of the most recent theories on this specific item.
The paper reports a keynote lecture given by the author at the XXXII Italian Congress of Hydraulics and Hydraulic Construction held in Palermo on September 2012
A Scientific Resource Space Management System
No full textAs the web continues to change the way we produce and disseminate scientific knowledge, traditional digital libraries are confronted with the challenge of transcending their boundaries to remain compatible with a world where the whole Web in itself is the source of scientific knowledge. This paper discusses a resource-oriented approach for the management and interaction of scientific services as a way to face this challenge. Our approach consists in building a general-purpose, extensible layer for accessing any resource that has an URI and is accessible on the Web, along with appropriate extensions specific to the scientific domain. We name the class of systems that have this functionality Scientific Resource Space Management Systems, since they are the resource analogous of data space management systems known in literature. In this paper, we describe the motivations, concepts, architecture, and implementation of the platform and one validat- ing usage scenario