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Componentwise linear ideals and exchange properties
No full textWe prove the componentwise linearity of ideals that satisfy a certain exchange property similar to polymatroidal ideals. We also discuss the componentwise linearity and exchange properties of ideals of k-covers of totally balanced weighted hypergraphs
ZnO nanorod-immobilized polyurethane foams for efficient removal of gaseous volatile organic compounds
No full textNanoscale semiconductor materials are highly effective catalysts due to their high surface-to-volume ratio, enhanced charge carrier separation, and increased active site density. Integrating them into three-dimensional porous supports optimizes mass transport, facilitating efficient adsorption of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and catalytic interactions. A flexible hybrid photocatalyst was designed by immobilizing zinc oxide (ZnO) nanorods (NR) on the three-dimensional polyurethane (PU) foam support. The polymer surface was functionalized by chemical solution treatment to increase the adhesion between the catalyst and the surface. ZnO NRs were grown on all strut surfaces of the PU foam via a seed-mediated approach. Photocatalytic experiments were carried out in a laboratory-scale plug flow type photoreactor under UVA light irradiation. The effects of parameters such as initial concentration (ppm), relative humidity (RH) (from 0% to 65%), air flow rate (0.3, 0.6, and 1 L/min), and temperature (from 21 to 35 °C) on the gas phase toluene, ethylbenzene, and chlorobenzene removal were evaluated. In the presence of RH, photoreactions accelerated, leading to an increase in the CO2 conversion rate. The optimum RH value was determined as 30% according to the maximum removal rate. Similarly, removal efficiencies were improved at temperatures higher than room temperature, and the optimum temperature was evaluated as 30 °C. However, as the initial concentration and air flow rate increased, the degradation rates decreased. Maximum VOC degradation rates of toluene, ethylbenzene, and chlorobenzene were obtained as 81%, 71%, and 92% by simultaneous adsorption and photocatalytic oxidation under UVA light at 30% RH and 30 °C, respectively. Chlorobenzene showed a higher removal efficiency than toluene and ethylbenzene for all conditions. The hydrophilic nature of the ZnO NR surface promoted the adsorption of chlorinated compounds. The interaction of VOCs with the catalyst surface revealed that surface chemistry plays a significant role in photocatalytic removal
OXPHOS inhibition overcomes chemoresistance in triple negative breast cancer
No full textThe hypothesis of a significant shift from oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) to glycolysis in a number of solid tumors has been dominant for many years. Recently, however, evidence has begun to accumulate that OXPHOS is the major mode of energy production in many neoplasias, especially those that have undergone chemo- or radiotherapy, and especially in chemoresistant malignancies. In the present work, we demonstrated that chemoresistant triple-negative breast cancer cells prefer to obtain energy via OXPHOS to a greater extent than cells sensitive to chemotherapeutic agents, and therefore the former can be affected by some OXPHOS inhibitors. From a drug library containing several dozen antimicrobials, we selected those that inhibit OXPHOS in resistant TNBC cells and lead to mitochondrial dysfunction. We have also identified several pathways by which inhibition of growth suppression of chemoresistant cells occurs, including increased oxidative stress and mitophagy. Experiments in mice showed that selected OXPHOS inhibitors preferentially suppress tumor growth from chemoresistant but not from chemosensitive cells. The results of the present study suggest combinatorial therapy of such inhibitors and conventional anticancer drugs on resistant forms of tumors, if the latter show enhanced OXPHOS
Directional-adaptive approach in machining of additively manufactured Inconel 718
No full textThe anisotropic properties of additively manufactured materials cause variations in surface finish, cutting forces, and machinability due to directional differences in material properties. This creates challenges in tool path selection for five-axis machining to achieve optimal process conditions. Additionally, traditional models and methods for process modelling and simulation often fail, leading to significant errors, as they do not account for material anisotropy. This work investigates the material behaviour during machining of additively manufactured materials, proposes a directional-adaptive flow stress model for accurate process modelling and simulation, and introduces an adaptive tool path selection strategy tailored for milling of additively manufactured materials
Coordinating oncologist appointments with chemotherapy treatments under uncertainty
No full textScheduling chemotherapy treatments in outpatient chemotherapy clinics (OCCs) presents significant challenges due to limited resources, uncertainty in infusion durations, and the need for coordinating with oncologist consultations. This study addresses these challenges through integrating oncologist consultation and chemotherapy scheduling by determining appointment times for a daily list of patients. A two-stage stochastic mixed-integer programming model is developed, considering stochastic factors such as infusion durations and the statuses of chemotherapy treatment approvals after consultations. In the first stage of the model, patients of each oncologist are organized in a sequence, and appointment times are set. In the second stage, patients are assigned to chairs and nurses using an optimal myopic policy. The objective function penalizes the expected weighted sum of the total working time of the OCC and the waiting times of patients. To represent the original scenario set by a reduced scenario set, a scenario reduction algorithm is employed. The algorithm, a Wasserstein Distance-Based Local Search Algorithm (WD-LSA), is tested using real data from a major academic oncology hospital in Turkey. The performance of the WD-LSA algorithm is demonstrated by comparing with CPLEX for smaller number of scenarios and with heuristic algorithms for larger number of scenarios. We find that the gap is quite small when compared with CPLEX solutions and the solutions are much better than the solutions found by the practical scheduling heuristics from the literature. The trade-off between patient waiting time and total working time is assessed. The dependency of the performance measures to the number of oncologists and nurses is investigated. Lastly, the value of stochastic solution is estimated
Vectorial negabent concepts: similarities, differences, and generalizations
No full textIn Pasalic et al. (IEEE Trans Inf Theory 69:2702–2712, 2023), and in Anbar and Meidl (Cryptogr Commun 10:235–249, 2018), two different vectorial negabent and vectorial bent-negabent concepts are introduced, which leads to seemingly contradictory results. One of the main motivations for this article is to clarify the differences and similarities between these two concepts. Moreover, the negabent concept is extended to generalized Boolean functions from F2n to the cyclic group Z2k. It is shown how to obtain nega-Z2k-bent functions from Z2k-bent functions, or equivalently, corresponding non-splitting relative difference sets from the splitting relative difference sets. This generalizes the shifting results for Boolean bent and negabent functions. We finally point to constructions of Z8-bent functions employing permutations with the (Am) property, and more generally we show that the inverse permutation gives rise to Z2k-bent functions
Interconnected ultra-thin nanosheets of Ni-Mn-oxide-NF nanoflake for energy storage supercapacitor
No full textIn the quest for economic, efficient, and environmentally benign electrode materials, metal oxides are extensively investigated owing to its non-toxic and higher theoretical capacitance. Herein, we have reported the synthesis of Ni-Mn-oxide as electrode materials. The hydrothermal approach is used for the synthesis of nanoflake with ultra-thin nanosheets of Ni-Mn-oxide on NF. The sample was characterized for morphological, structural, elemental, and chemical composition by carious tools such as FE-SEM, HR-TEM, XRD, and XPS. The cyclic voltammetry measurements show excellent rate capability of Ni-Mn-oxide-NF electrode from lower to higher scan rates with distinctive pseudocapacitive features in 3 M aqueous KOH electrolyte. Based on Faraday redox reactions the enhanced specific capacitance of 1495 F g−1 and 1265 Fg−1 at 1 A g−1 and 2 A g−1 current densities were obtained by galvanostatic charge–discharge measurements. Furthermore, Ni-Mn-oxide-NF electrode reveals excellent cyclic stability till 10,000 GCD cycles with 99 % Coulombic efficiency. Consequently, the overall results of the study demonstrate the promising potential of nano-flaky Ni-Mn-oxide-NF electrode for energy storage with enhanced performance for the practical implementation of supercapacitors
Sealed with certainty: the role of need for closure in relationship commitment
No full textDecision making is a fundamental aspect of relationships, as romantic partners often evaluate costs and benefits of their relationship and contemplate whether to maintain it. A key factor that has repeatedly been shown to influence decision-making processes is need for closure, that is, the desire to quickly obtain a definitive answer or solution. Individuals who strongly desire closure prefer the status quo, seek familiarity, and dislike uncertainty, which might strengthen their intention to maintain an enduring relationship. Across five studies recruiting university students and community samples, we explored, for the first time, the role of need for closure in relationship commitment. In Study 1, individuals with a higher need for closure reported greater commitment to their romantic relationships. Studies 2a and 2b replicated these findings and showed that relationship satisfaction and investment, but not alternative quality, may explain the link between need for closure and commitment. Study 3 revealed that need for closure was linked with willingness to sacrifice—a downstream consequence of commitment. Using a three-wave longitudinal design, Study 4 found that within-person variation in need for closure was small, and need for closure explained mainly between- (but not within-) person differences in commitment. This study failed to replicate the mediating role of relationship satisfaction and investment observed in Studies 2a and 2b, thereby indicating caution in interpreting mechanisms suggested by our prior studies. Overall, the findings demonstrated a consistent between-person association of need for closure with relationship commitment, and revealed important research avenues to further understand how individual differences in decision making predict commitment
Yaratıcı kodlama ile geometrik desenler: sanat için kodlama
No full textGeometrik desenler, yüzyıllar boyunca yalnızca süsleme değil, düşünsel ve matematiksel bir arayışın da görsel dili oldu.
Bu kitap, tarihsel motifleri sadece estetik nesneler olarak değil; hesaplamalı düşünme ile yeniden üretilebilecek dinamik yapılar olarak ele alıyor.
Sanat tarihine disiplinlerarası bir bakış sunan çalışma, geometri sanatının medya sanatıyla kurduğu ilişkileri araştırıyor.
Yaratıcı kodlama yöntemleriyle desteklenen iş akışları, okuyucuyu yalnızca izleyici değil aynı zamanda üretici olmaya çağırıyor.
Kitaptaki yirmi üç motif, geçmişin zanaatkârlığıyla bugünün dijital araçlarını buluşturuyor.
Açık kaynak yazılımlarla geliştirilen örnekler, hesaplamalı sanatın kolektif doğasını öne çıkarırken, geometriyi hem tarihsel hem çağdaş bir ifade alanı olarak yeniden konumlandırıyor.
Bu kitap, matematiğin görsel potansiyelini keşfetmek isteyen herkes için ilham verici bir yol arkadaşı
Precise gene editing technologies in retinal applications
No full textGene therapy is emerging as a promising treatment for inherited retinal diseases (IRDs). One of the first successful applications of gene therapy for IRDs was the gene replacement therapy for the RPE65 mutation. This therapy delivers a functional copy of the RPE65 gene to patients via AAV vectors, rather than targeting the mutation itself. Gene editing technologies have advanced significantly in recent years, allowing it to make precise in vivo modifications to the genetic code. After the discovery of CRISPR-Cas9, other gene editing technologies such as base editing and prime editing have been developed by modifying and combining the original CRISPR-Cas9 technology with other methods. Moreover, recently discovered CRISPR-Cas systems allow RNA editing to correct mutations at the posttranscriptional level. These technologies have potential applications in various fields, including inherited retinal diseases. This mini-review evaluates and summarizes the most current advancements in genome editing methods, including prime editing, base editing, and RNA editing, and their applications on retinal diseases