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Evidentiality As A Deceptive Function: ACross-Linguistic Study In English, French, Turkish,And Japanese
Get PDFThis thesis study examined the linguistic structure of lying, focusing particularlyon the use of evidentiality–a grammatical marker indexing the information source.In particular, this study investigated how the obligatory (evidential) and the optional(non-evidential) categories of grammatical evidentiality in language impactthe production of certain linguistic structures as subtle cues of lying in deceitfulversus truthful retellings. In a fully crossed, counterbalanced design, participants(N = 217) from language groups typologically diverse in evidential marking (i.e.,non-evidential languages of English and French, evidential languages of Turkish andJapanese) provided written accounts of the events from brief stories under two manipulations:presentation modality (i.e., silent video clips or audio recordings) andveracity (i.e., either truthfully or deceitfully). Narratives were coded for the frequenciesof the grammatical and lexical forms covering tenses, negations, and evidentialmarkers, and then, cross-linguistically examined for their distribution across theconditions. The results revealed that lie tellers in evidential languages exploit directevidentials in their statements–not the indirect ones, suggesting a pragmatic useof evidentials as firsthand accounts. The speakers of non-evidential languages usedevidential markers without uniformity in deception conditions, such that perceptionverbs were fewer in English and affirmation adverb rates were higher in French,except both languages adopted a more negative tone in their lies, confirming the previousevidence. Overall, this study identifies an overlooked grammatical category,evidentiality, as a deceptive cue for the first time and provides a comprehensiveapproach to deception detection research cross-linguistically
Effects Of Quantum Confinement And Coherence In Finite-Time Quantum Szilard Engine
Get PDFThe Szilard engine is a foundational thought experiment that rigorously links thermodynamicsand information theory. With the miniaturization of devices and ongoingprogress in quantum information science, it is crucial to examine how quantumeffects influence the operation of such engines. This thesis investigates the finitetimedynamics of a quantum Szilard engine subjected to size-invariant shape transformations,in which the geometry of the confinement potential is deformed withoutaltering its overall size. The system’s evolution is modeled using a time-dependent,Markovian LGKS (Lindblad-Gorini-Kossakowski-Sudarshan) master equation. Wenumerically solve this equation to analyze the thermodynamic behavior of the engine,focusing on the roles of quantum coherence and its interplay with heat, work,and entropy throughout the cycle. Special attention is given to how coherenceevolves under varying barrier insertion rates and thermalization temperatures. Wedemonstrate that coherence generation is strongly influenced by both the protocolspeed and the bath temperature. Furthermore, we show a connection between coherenceaccumulation and the energetic and informational cost of the cycle. Thesefindings enhance our understanding of coherence in finite-time, measurement-basedquantum devices and suggest that geometric deformations can serve as a powerfultool for thermodynamic control in quantum technologies
Controlling And Manipulating The Topological Spin Of Majoranas
Get PDFMajorana zero modes (MZMs) have attracted interest both for their fundamentalphysics and for their potential technological applications. While the non-Abelianphase associated with a braiding operation is widely recognized, the accompanyingAbelian phase of −π/4 does not enjoy the same level of recognition. The non-Abelianexchange statistics of Majorana zero modes make them suitable for potential applicationsin fault-tolerant quantum computation and topological quantum computingFor this reason, finding physical platforms capable of realizing these exotic quasiparticlesin condensed matter systems is an active area of research. In this thesis,we focus on the Abelian exchange phase of Majorana zero modes. We examinedthis phase in two well-known models of topological superconductors: the Fu-Kanemodel and hybrid structures of superconductor / quantum anomalous Hall (QAH)insulators. We demonstrated that this phase originates from an Aharonov-Casherphase generated by a superconducting vortex encircling a charge of −e/4 associatedwith the Fermi sea. Next, in two-dimensional (2D) systems, we showed thatthe fractional charge and the Majorana zero mode are co-located in the core of thesuperconducting vortex, whereas in three-dimensional (3D) systems, the fractionalcharge and the Majorana mode can be spatially separated. In doing so, we designeda heterostructure system that enables the manipulation of both the Abelian andnon-Abelian contributions of Majoranas. Finally, we proposed a superconductingvortex interference experiment capable of directly detecting the effects of the isolatedAbelian exchange phase discussed here
On Twists Of Tuples Of Hyperelliptic Curves
Get PDFWe investigate families of hyperelliptic curves whose Jacobians possess positiveMordell-Weil rank over Q. Given a square-free polynomial f(x) ∈ Q[x] of degreeat least 3 and fixed odd integers m1,m2,m3 ≥ 3, we construct parametric familiesof non-square rational values D such that the Jacobians of the twisted curvesC : Dy2 = f(x) and Ci : y2 = Dxmi +ai for i = 1,2,3, attain positive Mordell-Weilrank over Q(u,v1,v2,v3). Our approach involves solving a Diophantine system reducibleto finding rational points on certain elliptic curves defined by intersectionsof quadratic surfaces. Exploiting explicit rational parametrizations and leveragingSilverman’s specialization theorem, we demonstrate the existence of infinite-orderpoints on these Jacobians. This yields rational functions D that simultaneouslyinduce high-rank twists across the considered families of curves
GPENS: ground plane estimation and navigation system for autonomous mining trucks
No full textIn this paper, we introduce the Ground Plane Estimation and Navigation System (GPENS) designed for autonomous mining trucks operating in unstructured environments. GPENS employs an efficient method for modeling unstructured terrain, which enhances the segmentation of 3D point clouds and improves the accuracy of ground versus non-ground classification. The integrated system facilitates real-time processing from ground plane estimation through to road boundary detection, motion planning, and control, enabling the autonomous navigation and parking of mining trucks. Additionally, we present a unique dataset comprising annotated point clouds, collected from a real mining area using an actual mining truck. Our state-of-the-art algorithms demonstrate a performance increase over current ground plane estimation solutions, achieving a 2% improvement in precision. Utilizing GPENS, we successfully showcase a truck-trailer combination capable of both navigating and parking autonomously in the challenging conditions of a real-world mine
Shellable flag simplicial complexes of non-simple polyominoes
No full textIn this article, we explore the shellability of the flag simplicial complexes associated with non-simple and thin polyominoes. As a consequence, we establish the Cohen–Macaulayness and a combinatorial interpretation of the h-polynomial of the corresponding coordinate rings
A flexible cystoscopy device prototype for mechanical tissue ablation based on micro-scale hydrodynamic cavitation: ex vivo and in vivo studies
No full textMinimally invasive methods were sought for faster recovery from benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and lower urinary tract (LUTS) symptoms. For this, the search for effective, low-side-effect methods for tissue ablation, particularly for managing BPH and certain bladder pathologies, has been continued to advance. In this regard, the energy released during the formation of hydrodynamic cavitation bubbles offers an alternative treatment method. In this study, we present the feasibility of the use of hydrodynamic cavitation with a flexible cystoscopy device prototype designed for the treatment of LUTS-related diseases. The developed flexible cystoscopy device prototype allows easy access to the urinary bladder through urethra with minimal pain, demonstrating its suitability as a minimally invasive approach. Precisely targeted cavitation exposure prevents prostatic capsule and bladder perforation. Moreover, an automatic actuating mechanism supports steering for real-time visual feedback. The developed device prototype was first tested on an ex vivo human bladder and then on an in vivo porcine bladder. Histopathological analyses were performed after both species were tested. For both analyses, significant tissue ablation at the targets was observed upon exposure to cavitating flows. Finally, the temperature profile on the device was obtained using a thermal camera. Accordingly, it was observed that the temperature increase during the procedure was not significant. The developed device prototype can thus realize mechanical ablation-based therapy, avoids unintended heat deposition which might appear in laser ablation and leads to fewer side effects such as uncontrolled tissue damage and low target area effectiveness that might occur in minimally invasive tissue ablation methods
Decoding chemical profiles, biological functions, and medicinal properties of liquidambar orientalis extracts through molecular modeling and bioinformatic methods
No full textLiquidambar orientalis, the Anatolian sweetgum tree, is a relict and endemic species in Southwestern Turkey, traditionally used for therapeutic purposes. Our study comprehensively evaluated the therapeutic potential of L. orientalis extracts from its aerial parts to maximize bioactive compound extraction using methanol, ethyl acetate, and water as solvents. The methanolic extract exhibited the highest phenolic (73.04 ± 3.94 mg gallic acid equivalent [GAE]/g) and flavonoid content (48.86 ± 0.76 mg rutin equivalent [RE]/g), demonstrating superior antioxidant activity in 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) (256.61 ± 1.70 mg Trolox equivalent [TE]/g), 2,2′-azinobis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) (308.41 ± 3.14 mg TE/g), and cupric ion–reducing antioxidant capacity (CUPRAC) (411.13 ± 8.48 mg TE/g) assays. It also showed significant enzyme inhibition for acetylcholinesterase (4.43 ± 0.09 mg galanthamine equivalent [GALAE]/g), tyrosinase (149.16 ± 1.14 mg kojic acid equivalent [KAE]/g), amylase (0.93 ± 0.02 mmol acarbose equivalent [ACAE]/g), and glucosidase (1.60 ± 0.01 mmol ACAE/g), suggesting potential applications in neurodegenerative disease management, skincare, and diabetes treatment. Furthermore, methanol and water extracts displayed promising antimicrobial activity due to phenolic compounds such as chlorogenic acid and methyl-3-O-caffeoyl quinate. The methanolic extract exhibited potent anticancer effects against lung cancer (A549) cells, with significant reductions in cell viability and induction of autophagy. The aqueous extract showed remarkable efficacy against prostate cancer (PC3) cells, modulating apoptosis markers. Breast cancer cells (MDA-MB-231) exhibited differential responses, with ethyl acetate extract promoting apoptosis and water extract–enhancing autophagy. Furthermore, molecular docking and dynamics simulations provided additional evidence supporting the therapeutic potential of key phytochemicals from L. orientalis, particularly afzelin and epigallocatechin, against cancer-related targets and bacterial enzymes. Overall, this study fills a gap in understanding the enzyme inhibitory and diverse anticancer effects of L. orientalis extracts, highlighting its potential multi-targeted therapeutic applications, particularly in cancer therapy
An Explainable AI approach for detecting failures in air pressure systems
No full textThe Air Pressure System (APS) plays a crucial role in heavy-duty vehicles (HDVs), supplying pressurized air to essential subsystems such as braking and suspension. APS failures normally lead to vehicles being stranded on the road with associated safety and financial risks. Although detecting these failures is essential to prevent such events, the detection trustworthiness is equally important given the high sensitivity of this issue. This paper addresses the problem of APS failure detection using Explainable Boosting Machine (EBM), a highly intelligible and interpretable glass-box model. A dataset of operational driving data from 110 healthy vehicles, without any APS failures, and 30 faulty vehicles, with detected APS failures, was collected. First, essential preprocessing steps were developed to deal with the hierarchical big data and to extract indicative features. The main objective of EBM is to distinguish faulty vehicles from healthy ones based on those features while providing explanations for its decisions. The model succeeded in detecting most of the faulty vehicles with a small proportion of false alarms (roughly 5%); the overall accuracy was 91.4% and the F1 score was 0.80. In addition, the provided explanations were thoroughly investigated to evaluate the validity and trustworthiness of the model decisions. At the same time, the explanations themselves were assessed based on domain knowledge to prove their efficacy and relevance. When compared with a human expert analysis, these explanations highly align with the experts’ knowledge of the APS problem. The proposed methodology is easily adaptable for other time-series predictive maintenance applications across different fields
House prices and sectoral output: a cross-country analysis
No full textThis paper empirically analyzes the medium-run impact of house price fluctuations on sectoral output dynamics. Using an unbalanced panel of 47 countries, we find that house price expansions negatively affect the tradable sector, with no significant impact on the nontradable sector. Our results further show that house price expansions lead to real exchange rate appreciation, which raises domestic costs and diminishes the country's competitiveness in international markets. We also study the importance of exchange rate flexibility for the link between house prices and sectoral output and show that the negative impact on the tradable sector is less pronounced in countries with more flexible exchange rate regimes, highlighting the importance of the real exchange rate's response to house price changes