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Kerangka elemen reka bentuk keselamatan kanak-kanak bagi kediaman berbilang tingkat
No full textPembangunan kediaman berbilang tingkat merupakan satu inisiatif bagi memastikan kemudahan kediaman yang mencukupi di kawasan berkepadatan tinggi. Pertumbuhan kediaman berbilang tingkat yang berterusan menunjukkan bahawa sistem pengurusan harta tanah yang berkesan diperlukan dalam penyediaan pembangunan harta tanah kediaman berbilang tingkat yang mampan. Kejadian kanak-kanak jatuh dari bangunan kediaman bukanlah sesuatu yang baru tetapi telah berlaku di seluruh negara selama bertahun-tahun yang mengakibatkan kecederaan parah dan kematian. Ini boleh dielakkan dengan menambah baik elemen reka bentuk keselamatan kanak-kanak untuk kediaman baharu atau dengan menyediakan ciri keselamatan kanak-kanak untuk kediaman sedia ada. Keselamatan kanakkanak di rumah adalah elemen penting dalam reka bentuk kediaman tetapi sebahagian besarnya diabaikan. Oleh itu, kajian ini dijalankan berdasarkan tiga objektif; pertama, mengenal pasti reka bentuk di kediaman berbilang tingkat yang menjadi punca berlakunya kanak-kanak jatuh dari bangunan; kedua, untuk mengkaji ciri-ciri elemen reka bentuk keselamatan kanak-kanak di kediaman berbilang tingkat; dan ketiga, untuk menghasilkan rangka kerja parameter elemen reka bentuk keselamatan kanak-kanak dalam kelulusan aplikasi pembangunan kediaman berbilang tingkat. Kajian ini menggunakan reka bentuk kajian kualitatif dan kuantitatif dengan pengumpulan data melibatkan pengedaran borang soal selidik dan temu bual dengan pihak yang terlibat dalam pembangunan kediaman berbilang tingkat. Analisis statistik deskriptif digunakan untuk memproses data bagi memastikan maklumat yang disampaikan dapat diterangkan dengan lebih jelas. Di samping itu, analisis MCDA digunakan untuk menentukan kedudukan elemen keselamatan yang menjadi punca kanak-kanak jatuh. Kajian ini mendapati empat elemen reka bentuk keselamatan menjadi punca utama kejadian kanak-kanak jatuh iaitu tingkap, balkoni, koridor dan tangga. Melalui analisis yang telah di jalankan, beberapa ciri penting telah diperolehi bagi menambah baik kerangka kerja parameter keselamatan kanakkanak untuk kediaman berbilang tingkat. Kajian ini akan dapat membantu memastikan bangunan kediaman selamat untuk diduduki terutamanya bagi golongan kanak-kanak. Selain itu, ia juga boleh memanfaatkan perancangan kediaman yang dinamik dan boleh didiami untuk semua. Ini akan meningkatkan kualiti hidup melalui persekitaran yang selamat dan kesejahteraan manusia untuk masa kini dan masa depan
The quality of walkability environment to support social capital
No full textAs a matter of fact, one of the way to improve public health is having physical activities, and walking is the most popular, sustainable and economical form. The modern urban design model have been applied in order to achieve a more rapid urban expansion. However, the urban expansion is actually become the reason on decreasing the walkability level and quality and a very strong car-dependency in the cities. Nowadays, urban street planning and design in Malaysia given priority to the vehicle instead of people. It cannot be denied that, vehicle or automobile has become the significance travel mode in Malaysia in recent decades. This has resulted the low quality of walkability environment and caused unattractive for walking not just happened in the neighborhood but it happens in the overall country. In the present day, the value for walkability has been increase for variety of reason. It not only plays a role in pedestrian transportation which have positive influence on reducing congestion and have lower environmental impact, walkability also adding value on social and recreational aspect. Indeed, it can be said that walking is the very oldest and traditional form of transportation. In fact, walkability is one of the best way to create a healthier and sustainable living environment. Almost anyone, people from all walks of life can join and involve in this walkable environment, by swapping the automobile against walking or cycling when they are travelling from one point to another destination. Hence, this thesis will be emphasized on the application of walkability typology could be applied to practice, by analyzing the critical discourse from relevant theorist. It also attempts to discuss the benefits and challenges of walkability so that it can renew attention as an important mode of urban transport in local community. With walkable street, community are actually lives in the comfortable, convenient, healthy and sustainable places, but it is actually very hard to achieve when the urban environment is actually giving more priorities to automobile. Hence in order to achieve walkable social capital, this practice will also try to figure how's others relevant project works, which these reference projects are from different location and different situations. By linking practice and theoretic looks together, it will have a better way to implement these initiatives for future project. On the other hand, it is important to create a strategic framework that would begin to redefine the walkability to under-served the communities. Hence, these design strategies will focus on allowing the local people to take full advantages on improving the approach in connecting people, promoting public engagement and sense of neighborhood to achieve a better urban environment
Polyimide based mixed matrix nanofiltration membrane for refining palm oil
No full textThe purification of vegetable oil is an important process to obtain purified vegetable oil for various applications. However, conventional processes in vegetable oil purification, such as deacidification, require a huge amount of energy which is not only costly, but also contributes to a high rate of carbon footprints. To improve the current state of purification, the capability of membrane technology in purifying vegetable oil was investigated. The main objective of this study is to investigate the potential of polyimide-based mixed matrix membrane (MMM) in refining palm oil by nanofiltration. To achieve the objective, preliminary investigations on the performance of commercially available membranes were made. Subsequently, polyimide-based MMM with different additives loadings were fabricated and characterized. Additionally, membrane transport models were used to describe and predict the membrane separation process and a suitable multistage configuration was also proposed. The structural and physical characteristics of the fabricated membranes were studied. The separation performances of the fabricated membranes were investigated by using a dead-end stirred cell and ethyl acetate as the diluting solvent for palm oil. From the membrane characterization, it was found that MMM with 0.5wt% of β-cyclodextrin functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes (βCD-fMWCNT) achieves the highest separation of palmitic acid from the feed diluted palm oil at 3.84 LMH/bar. The rejection of palmitic acid was found to be 60% and tocopherol, carotene and triglyceride at 94.43%, 98.74%, and 95.18% respectively. The membrane separation process was found to be best described by using the Solution-Diffusion model. Additionally, a theoretical study by using different multistage configurations found that the separation process can be further improved. The proposed multistage configuration was able to yield triglyceride with 99.28% purity with only 9.8% of oil loss in the purified permeate stream with a 41% of solvent recovery rate. Therefore, from this study, it is proven that membrane separation technology is a promising purification alternative and mixed matrix polyimide membrane has the potential in improving the conventional palm oil purification process
Sense of belonging in women’s space through spatial planning
No full textWomen have strived to achieve gender equality for years in Malaysia to provide better opportunities and ensure a better future for young girls. Unfortunately, the awareness of the impact of gender inequality is insensitive to other members of society besides women themselves. In order to advocate the vision of the Ministry of Women and Family Development, participation from the community to support the change is crucial to heighten the progress of Malaysian women to bridge the gender gap. However, gender equity movements are often dominated by women as women struggle with more challenges in gender inequality. Therefore, the gender issues movement cannot grow with just women alone, for social settings to gain corrective measures, participation from women and the community, men, are essential for true change to be achieved. Numerous research studies regarding women-related issues have been published, most of the studies are on western women who share different cultures, beliefs, and backgrounds. Therefore, there is a literature gap on south-eastern women’s needs specifically in spatial comfort and experience where practised culture and norms are contributing factors. The purpose of this research is to investigate spatial planning spaces for women and men in women’s spaces to create a sense of belonging that also promotes the participation of the community in providing support and raising awareness of gender equality amongst women. In the study, two methods of approach are adopted using a quantitative and qualitative approach through literature reviews and conducting survey questionnaires. The findings from the literature review are used as a baseline to construct survey questions in the next methodology. For the survey questions, a sampling of 62 respondents 34 women and 28 men are used to evaluate the data collected. The data is categorized into three: (a) needs and programs of women, (b) spatial comfort for women, and (c) willingness and factors for men to participate. The outcome of the research suggests spatial approaches to achieve both genders’ sense of belonging in community spaces in Malaysia, such results may differ in other contexts of different social cultures. The findings of the research can be beneficial to other academic researchers in further studies
Characterization of interface damage of fiber-reinforced polymer composite laminates under mode I loading
No full textIn this study, the unidirectional carbon fiber-reinforced polymer (CFRP) composite laminates under the Mode I loading are characterized using Cohesive Zone Model (CZM). A bilinear traction-displacement softening law is assumed for the interface behavior. The required interlaminar properties and CZM model parameters are characterized through an experimental-finite element (FE) approach. These parameters are the critical Mode I energy released rate, GIC, tensile strength, T and tensile penalty stiffness, kn. For this purpose, a unidirectional, 32-ply ([0]32) double-cantilever beam specimen is tested to fracture. The global load-displacement response of the specimen to the interface crack extension is recorded. The result establishes the Mode I critical energy release rate, GIC = 0.31 N/mm. The validated finite element (FE) simulation of the test is then employed to extract the CZM model parameters corresponding to the observed interlaminar damage initiation event. The FE-calculated maximum normal stress at the interface crack front is taken to represent the tensile strength of the interface, T=62.5 MPa. The corresponding slope of the stress-relative opening displacement of this critical material point indicates the penalty stiffness of the interface, kn = 0.98×106 N/mm3. With the established interfacial properties, the CZM could then be employed in simulating the deformation and damage process of the interfaces in FRP composite laminates under Mode I loading
Computational thinking in mathematics education: A systematic review
No full textComputational thinking (CT) is a fundamental ability for all students at all levels. CT has been one of the processes to solve problems that are considered a skill that all students need to develop in this new era of education, namely Education 4.0 aligns with the Fourth Industrial Revolution (4IR). When talking about problem-solving, it is always related to mathematics. As CT enhances problem-solving skills, it is one of the essential aspects of the mathematics subject. In this sense, this article presents a systematic literature review on determining how CT relates to mathematics education - guided by the PRISMA Statement review method, a systematic review of Scopus directed by four related stages. Most of the studies present the usage of software tools to enhance CT development in mathematics learning and solve a mathematical problem
Effects of diets containing varying metabolize energy on serum progesterone concentration of lactating Dorper ewes
No full textEnergy deficiency in the diet may delay the resumption of ovarian post-partum activities. Hence, this study aims to determine the effects of varying metabolize energy (ME) level in the diet of lactating Dorper ewes on blood serum progesterone. This study was conducted at Agropolitan Besut-Setiu, Terengganu for 180 days feeding trial. Twenty (20) lactating Dorper ewes (mean initial body weight: 50.89; 7 years old) were randomly assigned to four groups with five (5) animals each, based on randomized complete block design (RCBD). The control was fed with a basal diet consisted of Napier grass (Pennisetum purpureum) and commercial breeder pellet. In contrast, treatments diet consisted of lactating ration in the total mixed ration (TMR). The metabolize energy (ME) (MJ/kg DM ME) were varied at 11, 9, 10 and 12 for CON 11, LR 9, LR 10 and LR 12, respectively. The serum progesterone concentration was monitored weekly, starting from one-week post-partum for 10 weeks by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). There were significant differences (p<0.05) of progesterone concentration of ewes at week 4, week 7 and week 9 of the feeding trial. The increased level of ME in the diet also leads to linear increased (p<0.05) of serum progesterone concentration. It also showed that the shortest period of ewes that reach the threshold value of 1 ng/ml was in LR 10 (week 4), followed by LR 12 (week 5) and CON 11 and LR 9 at week 7 of the feeding trial. Hence, the finding of this study revealed that feeding of 10 MJ/kg DM ME is adequate to accommodate the energy requirement of lactating Dorper ewes and reduce the time ovarian cyclicity resumption after parturition
Collaborative assignment and project for teaching embedded and real-time software engineering course
No full textTeaching embedded and real-time software development course in curriculum is important because such software and hardware is used in many systems towards industrial revolution 4.0 (4IR). There is a wide range of undergraduate and postgraduate programs offering similar courses in their computing and engineering curriculum. School of Computing under the Faculty of Engineering offers a course named Real-Time Software Engineering for undergraduate final year students in Software Engineering program as an elective course. This course implements alternative assessment projects as part of the course assessment criteria. The goal of this project is to ensure students appreciate complexity of software development project and equip them with multi-discipline skills in developing embedded real-time systems. It is also important to boost students' confident level in developing software with physical hardware. The projects adopt a collaborative assignment and project approach by incorporating physical mobile robots and Internet of Things (IoT) system into the problem-based and project-based learning environment. In the teaching and learning activities, learning occurs as students collaborate in completing their projects and engage with real-time concepts, theories, and practices in solving the physical systems' problem
A model of trusted factors of video Word of Mouth (vWOM) in social commerce
No full textIn this digital era, many people often searching information before make purchase decision. The vWOM might be considered as resources for customer to searching beneficial information that can increase customer trust to purchase online. However, there is still less study conducted about what is significant attributes of vWOM that make them effective in influence purchase intention. This study identified trusted factors of vWOM that can influence purchase intention and also identified a suitable theory for develop a model of trusted factors of vWOM. Therefore, this study identify Rhetoric theory is suitable theory and developed a conceptual model of trusted factors of vWOM in social commerce which consists of seven factors which is informative, credible, perceived transparency, perceived benefit, perceived emotion, expertise and attractiveness. All the factors identified are categorized under definition of each Rhetoric theory’s elements
Kriteria pertimbangan dalam pemberian ulasan dan perakuan permohonan ubahsyarat tanah
No full textUbahsyarat merupakan kaedah dalam proses pembangunan tanah yang mana ia merupakan suatu proses penukaran kategori kegunaan tanah sedia ada pada hakmilik kepada sesuatu yang baharu bagi membolehkan tanah tersebut dibangunkan sepertimana cadangan pembangunan tanah. Ubahsyarat berlaku apabila pemilik tanah atau pemaju mengemukakan permohonan sama ada melalui ubahsyarat secara terus ke Pejabat Tanah Daerah atau Kebenaran Merancang (KM) melalui Agensi Pusat Setempat (OSC). Dalam mempertimbangkan permohonan ini, Pihak Berkuasa Negeri (PBN) akan merujuk ulasan dari Pihak Berkuasa Perancang Tempatan (PBPT) dan PLANMalaysia selain dari perakuan oleh Pentadbiran Tanah. Akan tetapi terdapat kepelbagaian keputusan yang diberikan oleh PBN. Oleh itu, objektif kajian ini adalah untuk mengkaji senario yang berlaku dalam permohonan ubahsyarat; mengkaji asas dan kriteria pertimbangan dalam pemberian ulasan dan penyediaan perakuan permohonan ubahsyarat; menentukan kriteria keutamaan dalam asas pembuatan keputusan permohonan ubahsyarat. Kajian kes telah dijalankan di Pejabat Tanah dan Galian Negeri Johor dan kaedah penyelidikan secara kajian campuran telah diaplikasikan. Pertama, analisis secara ―desk research‖ terhadap 36 fail kes permohonan ubahsyarat telah dijalankan, diikuti dengan sesi temu bual dengan 12 responden yang melibatkan pentadbir tanah dan pihak perancang untuk mendapatkan data kualitatif. Kemudian, data kuantitatif pula diperoleh melalui pengedaran soal selidik kepada 60 orang responden yang terdiri daripada PLANMalaysia, Pihak Berkuasa Perancang Tempatan, Pejabat Tanah Daerah, Jabatan Tanah dan Galian Johor dan Pusat Setempat. Data kualitatif dianalisis menggunakan analisis kandungan dan deskriptif, manakala data kuantitatif dianalisis menggunakan analisis Indeks Kepentingan Relatif (RII). Hasil kajian menunjukkan terdapat tiga jenis senario dalam permohonan ubahsyarat yang memberi kesan kepada pemilik tanah. Pertama, ia adalah permohonan yang bercanggah dengan zon guna tanah. Kedua, permohonan yang bercanggah antara kategori guna tanah pada hakmilik dan pembangunan sedia ada dengan zon guna tanah, dan akhir sekali, permohonan yang menunjukkan perbezaan cadangan pembangunan dengan ketetapan biasa Manual Piawaian Perancangan. Penemuan ketiga-tiga senario ini memberikan gambaran tentang bagaimana cara ulasan dan perakuan tertentu diberikan. Oleh itu, aspek apakah kriteria yang perlu dipertimbangkan dalam menyediakan semakan dan perakuan perlu diteliti. Perihal ini membawa kepada pengenalpastian lima asas membuat keputusan. Lima asas ini termasuk pembuatan keputusan berdasarkan fakta, rasional, intuisi, pengalaman dan autoriti yang kemudiannya diperincikan melalui pengenalpastian 33 kriteria dan seterusnya disusun mengikut keutamaan berdasarkan RII. Pengenalpastian keutamaan ini daripada 33 kriteria boleh membimbing agensi yang terlibat dalam menyediakan semakan dan perakuan bagi permohonan ubahsyarat