Ardabil University of Medical Sciences
ArUMS Digital Repository (سامانه اطلاعات زیست پزشکی و سلامت)Not a member yet
7752 research outputs found
Sort by
Investigation of the Effect of Esterpococcus Mutans Based Aging on Flexural Strength of composite Materials
No full textIntroduction: Dental biofilm bacteria can affect the properties of restorative materials by destroying them, so this study was designed to illustrate the effect of aging caused by Streptococcus mutans on the flexural strength of composite restorative materials.
Materials & Methods: This study was performed experimentally on composite blocks. The used composite materials included a type of nano-hybrid composite containing Bis GMA (Charisma smart, Kulzer,) and a nano-hybrid composite with a non-Bis GMA (charisma smart diamond) monomer base. Three aging methods were used including aging with water, Streptococcus mutans and germ free culture medium and the three-point flexural strength of the samples was evaluated before and after aging according to ISO_4049 standard. Analysis of variance and Tukey post hoc test were used for statistical analysis. Significance level was considered 0.05.
Results: The results showed that the type of composite material and different aging conditions were effective in the flexural strength of composite materials (P = 0.0001). 30-day storage in Streptococcus mutans reduced the flexural strength of both BisGMA and TCD-DI-HEI-based composites (P 0.05).
Conclusion: In general, it can be concluded that aging caused by Streptococcus mutans in both restorative materials caused a decrease in flexural strengt
Effect of Sequential Therapy in H.Pylori Eradication in Comparison with Standard Triple Therapy
Get PDFBackground: Helicobacter pylori is one of the most common pathogens and colonies in the world and its infection is an important risk factor for dangerous diseases such as gastric cancer. The treatment regimen that is currently used is the standard three-drug regimen therapy, which due to the increase in drug resistance, replace it with newer and more effective therapies is needed. One of these new therapies is sequencing therapy, which is considered as a suitable and effective treatment according to previous studies. The present study compares the effectiveness of these two treatments.
Aim: Determining the effectiveness of sequencing therapy in eradicating Helicobacter pylori infection.
Methods and materials: The present study was a descriptive-analytical study with the aim of retrospectively comparing the two standard three-drug therapies and treatment sequences in eradicating Helicobacter pylori infection in children referred to the Infectious Diseases Clinic of Bu Ali hospital of Ardabil university of medical sciences. A total of 321 people treated with sequence therapy and 410 people with standard three-drug method and a total of 731 people were treated with Helicobacter pylori in 1397-98. The sample size for each method using the formula was 130 people for the standard three-drug method and 130 patients were calculated for the sequential therapy method and a total of 260 patients entered the study.
Results: Two hundred and sixty patients in two groups of sequential therapy and standard three-drug method were included in the study. The mean age of the subjects in the drug sequential therapy was 7.9±3.18 years and in the standard three-drug method group was 7.1±2.83. There was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of age (P >0.05). 61.2% of the total population were girls and 38.8% were boys. There was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of gender, history of infection in parents and season of treatment (P >0.05). In terms of age, the success rate in the sequential therapy group decreased significantly with age (P >0.05). This comparison was not significant for the standard method group (P >0.05). In terms of gender, the comparison of response to treatment in the two groups was not significant (P >0.05). In terms of history of parental involvement, in the sequential therapy group, the response rate in patients with a negative history of parental involvement to treatment was significantly higher (P >0.05). This comparison was not significant in the standard method group (P >0.05). Comparison in terms of adress and response to treatment was not significant in both groups (P >0.05). In terms of disease involvement and response to treatment, the comparison was significant in both groups. In both groups, the response to treatment in the first half of the year was higher than the last half. (P<0.05).
Conclusion: The results of this study showed that although the sequencing method is a new method in the treatment of Helicobacter pylori infection, but as a result, the treatment is not significantly different from the standard three-drug method. However, the success rate of treatment in children with Helicobacter pylori infection was slightly higher than the standard three-drug method
Evaluation of ocular comorbidities among cataract surgery through medical imaging method
No full textntroduction and Objective: Imaging plays an indispensable role in clinical care in ophthalmology, ranging from diagnostics to risk stratification and treatment monitoring. Imaging biomarkers were identified in many diseases such as diabetic retinopathy, age-related macular degeneration and glaucoma. Cataract is the most common cause of blindness in the world and it is estimated that about one hundred thousand cases of cataract surgery are performed in Iran annually. One of the factors affecting cataract is ocular comorbidities. Due to the rarity of studies in this field, this study aimed to evaluate the ocular complications of comorbidities in patients undergoing cataract surgery at Noor Surgery Centre in Ardabil, Iran. Materials and Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was performed on 780 patients referred to Noor Ophthalmology Clinic in Ardabil city with cataract diagnosis. Data were collected by a researcher using a checklist. Data analysis was performed by SPSS 25 software using descriptive statistics. Results: Of the 1018 eyes studied, 590 (58%) were female and 428 (42%) were male. Mean age of patients was 65.88 ± 11.43 years. The mean intensities of PSC, Nuclear, and cortical cataracts were 4.56 ± 0.62, 4.79 ± 0.89, and 4.21 ± 0.48, respectively. Our findings revealed a significant association of cataract type in diabetic patients with normal retina (p=0.034), pseudoexfoliation syndrome (p=0.001), hyperopia (p=0.008), corneal opacity (p=0.036) and nasolacrimal duct obstruction (p=0.032) in compare with other patients. There was no significant difference in other comorbidities in terms of cataract types. Conclusions: Since age, sex and comorbidity factors can affect cataract, periodic medical examinations and training in healthy lifestyle can be an effective step in preventing or decreasing cataracts formation, as well as improvement of prognosis of cataract surgery through OCT angiography. Key words: medical imaging, ocular angiography, cataract, morphology, diabetic retinopathy, glaucoma, comorbidities, Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), intraocular lens Abbreviation: NPDR: Non-Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy; PDR: Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy; CSME: Clinically Significant Macular Edema; PEX: Pseudoexfoliation Syndrome; TBX: Trabeculectomy; PI: Peripheral Iridectomy; AMD: Age Related Macular Degeneration; GA: Geographic Atrophy; IV: IntraVitreal; NLDO: Nasolacrimal Duct Obstruction; DCR: Dacryocystorhinostom
Synergistic Effects of Ellagic Acid and Sorafenib on Hepatocytes and Mitochondria Isolated from a Hepatocellular Carcinoma Rat Model
No full textIntroduction
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the deadliest and most common cancers in humans worldwide. Today, common treatment options for HCC are not effective. The synergistic relationship between compounds of natural origin and the drugs used in the treatment of cancer has been described. Ellagic acid (EA) as a compound of natural origin induces cell death in various cancer cell lines. Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of the alone or combination of EA and sorafenib (SOR) on HCC hepatocytes viability and apoptosis signaling both in vitro and in vivo. Methods: The synergistic effects of EA and SOR were tested in an HCC rat model. This was followed by cellular and mitochondrial parameters. Results: Results showed that SOR and EA applied alone or in combination increased the reactive oxygen species (ROS), mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), and cytochrome c release in the mitochondria only from the HCC hepatocytes group. Furthermore, SOR and EA applied alone or in combination increased the caspase-3 activity and decreased the hepatocyte viability only on the HCC group. Conclusions: We showed for the first time that EA and SOR are effective on the HCC rat model through mitochondria and hepatocytes targeting
Functional laxative foods: Concepts, trends and health benefits
No full textBackground: Constipation is a common public health concern experienced by all individuals during their life. It is an effective factor in the quality of life. In this paper, we aimed to provide an overview of the existing evidence regarding the role of food ingredients, including bran, prune, fig, kiwifruit, flaxseed, and olive on constipation treatment.
Scope and approach: We searched Scopus, PubMed, and ScienceDirect by using “laxative foods” and “constipation” for searching studies assessing laxative food ingredients and their beneficial effects on constipation treatment and/or control.
Key finding and conclusion: Lifestyle modifications such as increasing dietary fiber and fluid intake and regular daily exercise are in the first line of proposed treatments for constipation. Optimizing diet as an efficient lifestyle factor may contribute to the well-being of patients. The use of laxative food ingredients including bran, prune, fig, kiwifruit, flaxseed, probiotics, and prebiotics is a convenient alternative to laxatives to overcome constipation. According to the findings, laxative food ingredients could be considered as effective treatments for subjects suffering from constipation. Many studies have assessed the pharmacological and non-pharmacological roles of these ingredients in treating constipation; however, their importance has not been thoroughly investigated
Effectiveness of telephone-based screening and triage during COVID-19 outbreak in the promoted primary healthcare system: a case study in Ardabil province, Iran
No full textAims
Screening services for early detection of patients is one of the important capabilities of the health system with a proper referral system. In the crisis of respiratory infection of Covid-19, screening based on symptoms is one of the key measures. The aim of the current study was to evaluate the telephone-based screening and triage services in the promoted primary healthcare system with regard to the Covid-19 outbreak, in terms of reducing unnecessary referrals to the hospital.
Methods
This is a descriptive cross-sectional study conducted in two stages on 1,406,635 households during March/April 2020 in Ardabil province for screening and early detection of Covid-19 disease. In the first stage, conducted by trained healthcare providers through telephone, individuals suspected of Covid-19 were identified. In the second stage, the individuals were referred to the second level of service in comprehensive healthcare centers (16- or 24-h centers) for clinical evaluation by a physician.
Results
The results showed that before establishing a screening and triage system for patients in comprehensive healthcare centers, all patients were referred directly to the hospital, while after the implementation of the program, a significant reduction in hospital visits was observed and a large number of patients undertook the care and triage services in comprehensive healthcare centers.
Conclusion
The use of a grading system in referring patients with suspected cases, triage of patients according to symptoms at the comprehensive health centers, and activation of home isolation were the most important factors in reducing the burden of unnecessary referrals of patients to the hospital
Evaluation of health-promoting lifestyle in the elderly hospitalized in Bushehr Persian Gulf Hospital in 2018
Get PDFOld age becomes a desirable period only by having a healthy life, and health promotion activities are the main strategies of health protection. This study was performed to identify the factors associated with health-promoting behaviors in the elderly admitted to the Persian Gulf Hospital in Bushehr.
Methods: This study is a descriptive correlational study that was performed on 320 elderly people admitted to Bushehr Persian Gulf Hospital in 2018. The research units were accessible and based on the purpose of selection and the Walker Health Promoting Lifestyle Questionnaire was completed to determine the status of health behaviors by interviewing the researcher.
Results: The overall mean of health-promoting lifestyle in the elderly was 2.44 ± 0.49. The highest and lowest scores were observed in the dimension of interpersonal support (2.82± 0.69) and in sports (1.49 ± 0.63), respectively. And in the areas of self-fulfillment (2.64 ± 0.69), individual responsibility in health (2.57 ± 0.59), stress management (2.22 ± 0.61), nutrition (68.68 ± 0.66) 2) They got these scores. There was a significant relationship between health-promoting behaviors and gender, marital status and economic status.
Conclusion: The findings of this study showed that in general, the elderly had a good health-promoting style
Preparation and in vitro evaluation of an oral drug delivery system for repaglinide using chitosan_coated solid lipid nanoparticles
Get PDFIntroduction: Diabetes is a widespread chronic disease. Repaglinide was approved by the FDA in 1998 as an oral hypoglycemic drug. Repaglinide has a good anti-diabetic effect, but it suffers from a number of problems, including low bioavailability, poor water solubility and extensive first-pass hepatic metabolism. Our aim in this study was to use solid lipid nanoparticles (SLN) with chitosan coating to improve oral administration of repaglinide. Oral administration of SLNs can reduce first-pass hepatic metabolism and increase the oral bioavailability of the drug. Compared to other carriers, SLN nanoparticles offer several advantages such as good tolerability, biodegradability and the possibility of large-scale industrial production. Also, the addition of chitosan to the surface of nanoparticles due to its adhesive property increases the penetration ability of the drug-loaded lipid carriers from mucosal surfaces.
Method: Optimization of nanoparticles investigation of the effect of various parameters on their particle size was performed using Design Expert software. Using the dilution method, a calibration diagram was drawn and finally the equation of this diagram was used to determine the amount of drug in unknown samples. The properties of the nanoparticles were evaluated using various techniques such as dynamic light scattering, thermal analysis, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron microscopy. Also, the rate of drug entrapment and drug loading efficiency were calculated. The drug release profile was evaluated using the dialysis bag method and the concentration of the released drug was determined by ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy. The in vivo study oral administration of the drug-loaded nanocarriers was evaluated on a number of rats and the blood glucose in plasma was measured at specific times.
Results, discussion and conclusions: The size of SLN nanoparticles in optimum formulation (76.5 nm) was within the acceptable range for SLN nanoparticles. According to the results, increasing the concentration of stearic acid and chitosan increases the size of nanoparticles and increasing the concentration of tween 80 and glycerol monostearate reduces the size of nanoparticles. Drug entrapment and drug loading were calculated to be 90% and 11%, respectively. The results of FTIR and thermal analysis showed no chemical interaction between the carrier and the drug. Also, according to the results of FTIR, the presence of amide bonds between stearic acid and chitosan confirmed the structure and formation of final nanocarriers. The results of scanning electron microscope showed the spherical structure of the nanoparticles. The drug release profile in nanoparticles with chitosan coating is slower than nanoparticles without chitosan coating. The results of in vivo study and oral administration of the drug to rat showed that repaglinide-loaded nanoparticles reduced blood sugar more than pure repaglinide. Also, nanoparticles with chitosan coating showed better performance than nanoparticles without coating
Ellagic acid alleviates clozapine‑induced oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction in cardiomyocytes
No full textClozapine (CLZ) as an antipsychotic agent is very effective in treating of psychosis disorders and resistant schizophrenia, but the risk of severe cardiac toxicity effects restricts its clinical use. There are several interrelated hypotheses to explain clozapine-induced cardiotoxicity which all of them may be related to oxidative stress. Therefore, the current study investigated the harmful effects of clozapine on cardiomyocytes and assessed the cytoprotective effect of ellagic acid (EA). Freshly isolated adult rat ventricular cardiomyocytes were incubated for 4 h at 37 °C with 00.05% ethanol as control, CLZ (50 µM), CLZ (50 µM) + a series of EA concentrations (10, 20 and 50 µM) and EA (50 µM). To evaluate the protective effect of EA, the markers of cell viability, reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation, mitochondria membrane potential (ΔΨm) collapse, lysosomal membrane integrity, malondialdehyde (MDA) and oxidized/reduced glutathione (GSH/GSSG) content were checked by biochemical and flowcytometry techniques. Our results demonstrated that EA (10, 20 and 50 µM) effectively inhibited CLZ-induced cytotoxicity which is associated with ROS overproduction and amelioration of mitochondrial and lysosomal damages. In addition, EA (10, 20 and 50 µM) in the presence of CLZ reduced the production of MDA as a specific marker lipid peroxidation and GSSG. Collectively, these findings suggested that EA protects cardiomyocytes from oxidative injury through inhibiting ROS formation, mitochondria dysfunction, and lysosomal damages, which suggest a potential therapeutic strategy of EA for CLZ-induced oxidative stress and cardiotoxicity
The assesment of pattern of maxillary canine impaction in the Ardabil city
Get PDFBackground & Objective: Impacted teeth are one of the most common reasons for visiting dentists and maxillofacial surgeons. During clinical and radiographic examinations and evaluations, the dentist sometimes realizes that the patient's problem is due to the impaction of one or more teeth. Therefore, it is necessary for every dentist to make the necessary and correct decision for the treatment of such teeth. One of the best ways to diagnose impacted teeth is first of all the absence of that tooth in the desired location and clinical evaluation of the patient and secondly to check the radiographic view of the desired area. Impacted teeth can be the source of many problems for various reasons, so in most cases, their extraction is recommended. Knowing how to place the impacted tooth and determining its type and other characteristics of the impaction can help the dentist in choosing the appropriate treatment-surgical method and also prevent complications during surgery.Proper and timely diagnosis of impaction as well as determining its position (buccal-palatal-intermediate) in the jawbone can reduce damage to adjacent structures and also affect the treatment plan. Because accurate detection of impacted tooth positions is possible with radiography, the most accurate radiograph to examine the impacted tooth is cbct images. Therefore, due to possible occlusion injuries and the effect of occlusion pattern on the treatment of these teeth, it is important to study the types of impaction patterns. Therefore, this study was presented with the aim of investigating the impaction pattern of maxillary canine teeth in Ardabil with cbct archive.
Methods: In this descriptive cross-sectional study, CBCT images of 239 patients who met the inclusion criteria were evaluated. Due to the lack of statistics, due to the lack of statistics of maxillary impacted canine teeth in Ardabil, the counting method was used for sampling and stereotypes were identified as maxillary impacted canine teeth as the sample size.
The obtained data were analyzed in SPSS24 software.
Results: Among the impacted canine teeth studied, 63.2% had palatal, 17.5% buccal and 19.3% had intermediate pattern. Also, 11.2% had damage to adjacent structures and 88.8% had no damage to adjacent structures. Among the types of damage to adjacent structures, 46.9% caused root resorption of the first premolars, 34.5% caused root canal resorption, and 18.6% had other damage to adjacent structures. Of these, 50.4% had root curvature and 49.6% had no root curvature, of which 12.1% had severe curvature, 38.7% had mild curvature and 49.2% had severe curvature. Also, the average angle of the incised canine to the lateral incisor was 41.7%. 9% of impacted canine teeth had a root resorption of lateral incisors and 9% did not have a root resorption of lateral incisors.
Conclusion: Dentists should treat cases such as maxillary latent canine such as:
Examine the occlusion pattern, angle to adjacent teeth, damage to adjacent structures, curvature of the incised canine root, and root resorption of adjacent teet