Ardabil University of Medical Sciences
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Efficacy of N-acetyl cysteine (NAC) in dyspeptic patients and negative Helicobacter pylori infection
Get PDFBackground & Objectives: Functional dyspepsia is a common complaint with symptoms like bloating or epigastric pain, early satiation, heart burn and nausea in the absence of underlying organic or metabolic disease. N-acetyl cysteine (NAC) has multiple potential effects and has been used for treatment of different diseases. In this study we evaluated the efficacy of NAC in improving the dyspepsia symptoms in dyspeptic patients with H. pylori negative results.
Methods: In this randomized clinical trial, 85 patients with functional dyspepsia without H. pylori infection underwent treatment with proton pump inhibitor (PPI) (pantoprazole 40 mg) daily with (n=41) or without (n=44) NAC 600 mg twice a day for eight weeks. Patients’ clinical symptoms and change in the severity of dyspepsia symptoms were compared between groups.
Results: Common symptoms were epigastric pain and bloating. Intervention group compared to control group had significantly more cases with retrosternal burn and blotching and less early satiation. In both intervention and control groups dyspepsia severity was significantly reduced from 5.26±2.06 and 4.68±2.81 to 1.87±1.38 and 2.22±2.04, respectively (p<0.001). The percent of reduction in dyspepsia severity in intervention group was significantly higher than control group (-66.25±23.44% vs. -50.14±35.02%, p=0.01).
Conclusion: PPI is effective in the treatment of functional dyspepsia and NAC as an adjuvant is a safe treatment that could increase the response rate and treatment efficacy in these patients
Evaluating the efficacy of methotrexate in pain severity reduction and improvement of quality of life in patients with moderate to severe knee osteoarthritis
Get PDFBackground & Objectives: Knee osteoarthritis (OA) is common findings with age increases which causes low quality of life due to pain and limitation in daily activity. No proper pharmacologic therapy have been recommended for pain control in these patients,; however, recent studies indicated that methotrexate due to anti-inflammatory effects could reduce pain. In this study we aimed to evaluate the efficacy of methotrexate in pain control and improvement of quality of life in patients with moderate to severe knee OA.
Methods: In this randomized clinical trial, 100 patients with moderate to severe knee OA were allocated to receive methotrexate (n=50) 7.5 mg and increase to 15 mg weekly after first months or placebo (n=50) for six months. Pain severity was measured using visual analogue scale (VAS), functional status was with Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Arthritis Index (WOMAC) and quality of life with SF-12 questionnaire before and 3 and 6 months after intervention and results were compared between groups.
Results: Methotrexate group compared to placebo in the months 3 and 6th after intervention had significant improvement in VAS, WOMAC total score, pain and physical function subscales and SF-12. The need for NSAIDS was slightly higher in placebo group with no significant difference (20% vs. 36%, p=0.07). Complications regarding methotrexate use was observed in no cases.
Conclusion: Treatment with methotrexate in patients with moderate to severe knee OA could reduce pain severity and improve functional status and quality of life in these patients
Relationship between Stigma and Social Support in Infertile Women Who Referred to Caucasus Infertility Center of Ardabil
Get PDFBackground and purpose: Most infertile women experience infertility-induced stigma, which can be exacerbated by inappropriate encounters with others. While social support can be reduced and improved by this phenomenon. This study was conducted to investigate the relationship between stigma and social support in infertile women who referred to Caucasus infertility center of Ardabil.
Methods: The present study is a descriptive-analytic cross-sectional study which was conducted on 350 eligible infertile women who referred to the Caucasus Infertility Center of Ardabil during 2017. Instruments used included demographic information questionnaire, perceived social support of Zimet, Goldberg and Hiller's general health and infertility stigma scale. For data analysis, descriptive statistics and analytical statistics were used by SPSS software version 22.
Results: In this study, the mean and standard deviation of each of the variables of stigma, social support and general health were 80.28 ± 25.30, 42.41 ± 7.97, and 53.49 ± 11.71 respectively. Also, the results of the study indicated a significant relationship between individual-social components such as duration of infertility, occupation and education, as well as social support with stigma (P <0.05).
Conclusion: Based on the findings of the study, it can be said that increasing the sense of social support reduces the experience of stigma induced by infertility. Therefore, considering these findings, it is suggested, that infertile women's service providers are introduced to the psychological and social aspects of infertility so that they can help improve the understanding of infertility-induced stigma as a social support element
Clinical and Radiographic Evaluation of One and Two Visits Endodontic Treatment with Apical Periodontitis: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Get PDFBackground and Aim: Investigating one-visit treatment regimens which would have the same biological effectiveness of a two-visit procedure is of considerable importance. The purpose of this systematized review was the Clinical and radiographic one-and twovisit endodontic treatment evaluation with apical periodontitis. Method: The Controlled Trials of Cochrane’s (CENTRAL) Register was explored by applying the Endodontics, One, Two, Single, Multiple, Appointment, Visit Terms, with no language restriction. 196 studies were conducted using the primary analysis in total. 5 articles among the 196 studies were chosen to have more precise criteria. Review methods: Randomized controlled trials and controlled clinical trials of root canal treatment of Single-versus multiple-visit carried out in humans were identified. The obtained result was the healing of radiographically detectable lesions in where data extraction was independent. Result: The mean number of human teeth was 112.60, and the lowest 44 patients and the most 300 patients, the standard deviation was 106.45. The mean of human teeth in the single visit groups was 58.6 (54.94) and in the two visit groups 54 (51.53). Risk differences of included studies were combined. Conclusion: root canal treatment of two and singlevisit represented approximately similar success in the periapical pathology endodontic treatment of teeth
CBCT in endodontics
No full textRadiographic assessment is an essential part of endodontic treatment for accurate endodontic diagnosis, treatment planning, control of the procedure and evaluation of results. At present, radiographic assessment in endodontics is performed by intraoral conventional and panoramic radiography, but both of them have some limitations such as : two-dimention nature,super imposition and geometric distortion,etc. however CBCT produces undistorted three-dimensional information of the maxillofacial skeleton, including teeth and their surrounding tissues with a lower effective radiation dose than computed tomography and on the other hand, the spatial resolution and the contrast resolution of CBCT is lower than that of conventional film-based or digital intraoral radiography.
Cone beam computed tomography is a useful addition to the endodontist’s armamentarium for identifying root canals .however, it should only be reserved for cases where root canal anatomy cannot be fully appreciated with existing aids, such as parallax radiographs and the dental operating microscope.
CBCT in Endodontics can be used for assessment of the presence of periapical lesions and tooth morphology and its complexities ,accessory canals, presence of an extra canal, which is hard to find, problems encountered during endodontic treatment like over-extension or under-extension,detection of VRF, detection of internal or external root resorption. Cone beam computed tomography enables periapical radiolucencies to be detected before they would be apparent on conventional radiographs. The most important limitation of CBCT is its artifacts that make interpretation of images difficult.These artifacts include: beam artifacts, partial volume artifacts, noise and hardening artifacts.
All in all , successful management of endodontic problems depends on diagnostic imaging techniques to provide the critical information about the teeth under examination, and their surrounding anatomy . Therefore, CBCT is a crucial component in management of endodontic problems
CombinedeffectsofratSchwanncellsand17β-estradiolinaspinalcord injury model
No full textSpinal cord injury (SCI) is a devastating traumatic event which burdens the affected individuals and the health system. Schwann cell (SC) transplantation is a promising repair strategy after SCI. However, a large number of SCs do not survive following transplantation. Previous studies demonstrated that 17β-estradiol (E2) protects different cell types and reduces tissue damage in SCI experimental animal model. In the current study, we evaluated the protective potential of E2 on SCs in vitro and investigated whether the combination of hormonal and SC therapeutic strategy has a better effect on the outcome after SCI. Primary SC cultures were incubated with E2 for 72 h. In a subsequent experiment, thoracic contusion SCI was induced in male rats followed by sustained administration of E2 or vehicle. Eight days after SCI, DiIlabeled SCs were transplanted into the injury epicenter in vehicle and E2-treated animals. The combinatory regimen decreased neurological and behavioral deficits and protected neurons and oligodendrocytes in comparison to vehicle rats. Moreover, E2 and SC significantly decreased the number of Iba-1+ (microglia) and GFAP+ cells (astrocyte) in the SCI group. In addition, we found a significant reduction of mitochondrial fission-markers (Fis1) and an increase of fusionmarkers (Mfn1 and Mfn2) in the injured spinal cord after E2 and SC treatment. These data demonstrated that E2 protects SCs against hypoxia-induced SCI and improves the survival of transplanted SCs
Investigation on the occurrence of Aedes species in borderline of Iran and Azerbaijan for control of arbovirus diseases
No full textBackground: Aedes mosquito transmit several arboviruses to human such as Dengue, Yellow fevr, Zika and Chikungunyia. They are a health threat in the worldwide. The main vectors of these diseases are Aedes aegypti and Ae. albopictus. The aim of this study was to investigate analyze the diversity of Aedes genus present in the natural areas of Ardabil Province, north-west of Iran.
Methods: This study was carried out cross-sectional from April to October 2016 in North-western of Iran. 33 areas of 10 cities which is border areas were selected randomly. The larvae were collected 2 times in each mounths during the seasonal activities of mosquitoes and the larvae were identified morphologically according the appropriate identification keys.
Results: A total of 694 larvae were collected from 4 counties. From which only 7.2 % were Aedes larvae. 3 species of Aedes species were identified which include Aedes caspius, A. vexans and Ae. flavescens. Ae. flavescens for the first time reported from Ardabil province.
Conclusion: Aedes species were a high density in borderline of Iran and Azerbaijan. So, the north parts of Ardabil province are a suitable habitat for Aedes species mosquitoes. Care should be taken for vector control in the case of occurrence of any arboviruses which is transmitted by Aedes mosquitoe
Case report:Enterobacter Meningitis Due To Dermoid Cyst Manipulation
Get PDFGram-negative meningitis can occurssubsequent to dura-arachnoid
barrier disruption because of trauma, surgery and rarely an infected
dermoid cyst. Association of neurosurgical procedures with Gramnegative meningitis was described for the first time in 1940. Intracranial
infections from gram-negative bacilli like Enterobacter are serious
and difficult to treat as many antibiotics fail to achieve bactericidal
concentrations in the cerebrospinal fluid. Here in, we report a rare case
of pediatric Enterobacter meningitis in a patient with a dermoid cyst
that had been manipulated. She was managed with antibiotic therapy
plus surgical removal of the infected cyst.
Keywords: Meningitis؛ Enterobacter؛ Antibacterial agents؛ Dermoid
cys
Frequency of superantigene encoding genes of Staphylococcus aureus isolates collected from multiple sclorosis (MS) patients and nasal carriers
No full textBackground: Bacterial superantigens are potent T cell activators that can have acute or chronic effects on the central nervous system. Objectives: In this study, the role of enterotoxins, exfoliative toxins and toxic shock syndrome toxin of Staphylococcus aureus was investigated in MS patients and healthy nasal carriers. Methods: Three-hundred fifty nasal swabs were collected from healthy nasal carriers (n = 210) and MS (n = 140) patients. Staphylococcus aureus superantigens were detected by multiplex PCR. Antimicrobial susceptibility pattern was performed using disk diffusion method. Results: The highest rates of nasal colonization were seen in MS patients (46.42%). The rates of nasal colonization in the healthcare workers were 30.95%. The most commonly detected superantigens were SEA (31.5%), SEB (17.7%) and ETA (16.9%). The Staphylococcus aureus isolates had the highest levels of resistance against erythromycin (57.7%), clindamycin (55.4%) and co-trimoxazole (43.1%). All isolates were susceptible to vancomycin, linezolid, and mupirocin. Conclusion: Our results revealed that the frequency of superantigen producing Staphylococcus aureus isolates is high in the MS patients. As well as these isolates are sensitive to mupirocin. Thus it is better to use of mupirocin for nasal decolonization of Staphylococcus aureus in the MS patients. © 2018 Elsevier Lt
Effect of 360-Degree Feedback on the Evaluation of the Clinical Skills of Nursing Students of Ardabil University of Medical Sciences
Get PDFBackground and Aims Continuous clinical evaluations and necessary interventions based on their results have a certain effect on improving the educational process at all levels. Considering such effects, especially in nursing, we aimed to compare the 360-degree feedback in assessing the clinical skills of nursing students in Ardabil University of Medical Sciences.
Methods The present interventional study was conducted on the undergraduate Freshman nursing students of the 2014-2015 academic year (48 students) in Ardabil University of Medical Sciences in the burn ward of Fatemi Hospital in Ardabil City, Iran. The data gathering tool was a three-part researcher-made questionnaire for assessing clinical skills. Data analysis was performed in SPSS, using descriptive and inferential statistics, including Independent Samples t-test and Paired Samples t-test.
Results In the present study, the total mean±SD scores of the traditional and 360-degree grading based on the score of 20 were 15.8±0.88 and 17.66±0.61, respectively. Moreover, the results of Independent Samples t-test indicated a significant difference between the two methods (P<0.031).
Conclusion According to the obtained results, the use of 360-degree feedback, considering its potential characteristics, can reduce the gap between theory and practice by involving coaches and nurses. Furthermore, this method can effectively reduce the aura errors and evaluation of students' taste by masters and trainers. In addition, it can provide students with more realistic scores in clinical settings and reflect their strengths and weaknesses