Ardabil University of Medical Sciences
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Identification and Assessment of Occupational Hazards in Informal Waste Pickers Using Job Hazard Analysis
No full textBackground
A number of accidents and injuries in work environments can be prevented through the identification and assessment of hazards. Factors affecting accidents and damages should be fully identified to prevent such events.
Objective
The aim of this study was to identify and assess occupational hazards among waste pickers in Ardabil city using JHA method.
Materials and Method
This descriptive-analytical study was carried out on informal waste pickers in Ardebil city. Demographic data were gathered using a special form, and potential occupational hazards were identified by JHA worksheet. Results were analyzed using SPSS 12 software.
Result
Significant relationships were observed between the age and history of injury, illness, accident, and drug abuse. Job experience showed significant correlations with a history of injury, having a business license, and health training course. In addition, using personal protective equipment, accident history, insurance record, history of tetanus and hepatitis B vaccinations, having business license, and health training course were all significantly correlated to the income level.
Conclusions
Hazards identified for workers in waste collection included musculoskeletal disorders caused by carrying, pushing and pulling loads, exposure to fungal and bacterial microorganisms, likelihood of accident, contact with dust, exposures to solar infrared and ultraviolet radiations, likelihood of cuts, and cold/heat at different seasons
Association between serum Vitamin D deficiency and Knee Osteoarthritis
Get PDFObjective: Levels of Vitamin D may influence the development of knee osteoarthritis (OA), which is one of the most common joint diseases. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between serum Vitamin D deficiency and knee OA in Ardabil and Iran. Methods: One hundred fifty-eight consecutive patients referred to rheumatology clinic of Ardabil City Hospital were recruited in the study. All the participants underwent x-rays in two anterior-posterior and side views of the knees. Staging of knee OA was done according to Kellgren-Lawrence criteria. Seventy-nine individuals with clinical and radiographic signs of knee OA were defined as the case group, and those without clinical and radiographic signs of the disease were defined as a control group. Haematology and biochemical profile including measurement of 25-hydroxyvitamin D serum level was performed in the participants. Results: The mean age of patients and controls were 54.12 ± 4.67 and 55.37 ± 5.12 years, respectively. The average serum vitamin D in OA patients and controls were 26.8±6.2 ng / ml and 28.1±5.3ng/ml, respectively (p=0.36). There was a significant association between serum vitamin D and staging of knee OA (p=0.001). Based on vitamin D levels, most of patients with vitamin D deficiency were in stages III and IV. Conclusion: The findings of the study suggest that vitamin D deficiency should be considered in patients with OA and treated accordingly
Effect of Ursodeoxycholic Acid (USDA) on Indirect Hyperbilirubinemia in Neonates Treated with Phototherapy
Get PDFObjective: To investigate the effect of USDA in the treatment of indirect hyperbilirubinemia of neonates. Study design: This randomized clinical trial was conducted on neonates with indirect hyperbilirubinemia whom were hospitalized at Ardabil city hospital. 100 newborns were enrolled in the study and randomly divided into two groups. The treatment group (n=50) received 10 mg/kg/day divided q12h USDA in addition to phototherapy, while the control group (n=50) only received phototherapy. Total bilirubin levels were measured every 12 hours until reaching bilirubin below 10mg/dL. Also, duration of phototherapy and hospitalization in both groups were recorded. Data were analyzed in SPSS.21 using statistical methods. Results: There was no difference in the mean of total bilirubin between treatment and control groups at baseline, 12, 24, 36, and 48 hours after admission. Conclusions: Our study revealed that adding USDA to phototherapy in treating indirect hyperbilirubinemia of newborns had no preference to just phototherapy treatment
Comparison of two different dosages of the tranexamic acid on reducing of bleeding during spinal fusion surgery
Get PDFBackground: One of the problems that influenced surgeon and anesthesiologist in strumental spinal fusion surgery (CD surgery) is the excessive bleeding during surgery. There are different ways for reducing bleeding during surgery such as the intravenous administration of tranexamic. In this study the effect of two doses of tranexamic acid for reducing of bleeding in spinal fusion surgery was evaluated. Methods: This clinical trial study was performed on 75 patients with class I and II ASA patients scheduled for strumental spinal fusion surgery under the same general anesthesia. The patient’s randomly divided into 3 groups. One group received single dose of tranexamic acid and another group received single dose of tranexamic acid plus maintenance dose of tranexamic acid that continued during surgery and the control group received normal saline as a placebo. The blood loss during surgery and until 24 hours later was documented. Bleeding score and surgeon satisfaction scores were recorded. Results: The amount of blood loss was reduced in both groups receiving the tranexamic acid (934 cc in control group, 664cc in single dose group and 758 cc in single dose plus maintenance dose group). But the difference was not statistically significant. (P value>0.05). Conclusion: The quality of surgery field, surgeon satisfaction scores and blood transfusion to patients in 3 groups was not significantly different
The Study of Self-care and Related Factors in the Elderly with Chronic Diseases in 2018
Get PDFBackground & objectives: As people become older, the risk of life with chronic diseases increases, limiting the physical and mental activity of the elderly people and leads to a decline in quality of life. The World Health Organization recommends promoting of self-care for the prevention and treatment of chronic diseases. The aim of this study was to determine the level of self-care and related factors in the elderly with chronic diseases referring to specialty clinics of medical-educational centers of Ardabil.
Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 222 elderly people with chronic diseases (diabetes musculoskeletal, cardiovascular and renal diseases) referring to the specialty clinics of Imam Khomeini, Fatemi and Alavi Hospitals in Ardabil in 2018 were selected by convenience sampling method. Data were collected using a questionnaire including demographic characteristics and Self-care Ability Scale for the Elderly )SASE). Finally, the data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and multivariate logistic regression analysis in SPSS 16 software.
Results: 191 elderly people (86%) had unsatisfactory self-care ability and only 31 of them (14%) showed good self-care ability. Elderly woman showed better self-care than men (p=0.015), while married (p=0.004), divorced (p=0.045), and widowed (p=0.013) patients had poor self-care ability compared to single people.
Conclusions: According to the present study, self-care in the elderly with chronic diseases was assessed unsatisfactory, so planning and implementation of self-care promoting programs for elderly people seems necessary
Evaluation of GAP and RTS, and NTS Trauma Scores to Predict Prognosis of Multiple-trauma Patients
Get PDFBackground and objective: Trauma is increasingly considered as an important cause of death and disability in developed and developing countries. Early diagnosis of major trauma and rapid transmission of patients to appropriate therapeutic centers have always been issues of concern. Several prognostic models for rapid clinical decision-making and estimating the mortality rate of multiple trauma patients. The current study aimed to evaluate the GCS, Age, and systolic blood pressure (GAP), RTS, and NTS scores of patients with multiple trauma and determine the cut-off points of these scores for predicting mortality rates.
Methods: This cross-sectional descriptive study was included 544 patients with multiple trauma referring to Imam Reza educational hospital of Tabriz, Iran in 2018-19. Data regarding age, mechanism of injury, systolic blood pressure, and Glasgow coma score were collected. GAP and RTS and NTS scores were calculated, and their relationship with was investigated.
Results: In the RTS model, the cut-off point value was 6.07 with areas under the Roc curves (0.99 with a confidence interval of 0.99 to 1.00), with a sensitivity of 0.98 and a specificity of 0.97. In the NTS model, the cut-off value was 6.14 with areas under the Roc curves (0.99 with a confidence interval of 0.99 to 1.00), with a sensitivity of 0.97 and specificity of 0.97. In the GAP model, the cut-off point value was 16.5 with areas under the Roc curves (0.99 with a confidence interval of 0.98 to 0.99), with a sensitivity of 0.95 and a specificity of 0.97. Results of logistic regression test to determine the predictive value of GCS, GAP, RTS, and NTS scores showed that survival per unit increase in GCS score was 3.5 times higher. This was about 2.23 times in the GAP. RTS had the highest predictive value (13.74 times).
Conclusion: Due to the high sensitivity and specificity of RTS, GAP and NTS models in patient survival rates, all of these scoring systems have predictive value and are not superior to each other
Evaluation of the results of paired opposite clear corneal incisions on steep meridian during phacoemulsification in preoperative astigmatism
Get PDFBackground and Objective: Astigmatism may cause blurred vision, glare sensation, monocular diplopia, asthenopia and visual aberrations. Correction of astigmatism is one of the main purposes of modern cataract surgery. Various methods are used to correct astigmatism at the time of cataract surgery. One of the newest and most effective methods is paired opposite clear corneal incisions on steep meridian (OCCI). In previous studies, OCCI was performed with incisions of 2.8 mm to 3.2 mm. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effect of clear corneal incisions on steep meridian with 4mm incisions on pre-operative astigmatism for the first time in the world .
Methods: This quasi-experimental study was performed on 64 eyes of 55 patients with corneal astigmatism of ≥1D undergoing phacoemulsification without suture. Steep meridian of cornea was marked preoperativly. Patients were divided into two groups according to the type of astigmatism, With the rule astigmatism (WTR) and Against the rule astigmatism (ATR). initial Incision in WTR group was performed on temporal side with 3.2 mm keratome and paired stap incisions performed on steep meridian . at the end of surgery, on axis incisions enlarged to 4 mm. In ATR group main 3.2 mm incision, was performed on steep meridian and two stap insicions performed Perpendicular to the steep axis, at the end of surgery paired incisions on steep meridian enlarged to 4 mm. Follow-up visits were scheduled 1, 3, 6 and 12 months postoperatively, which included refraction and keratometry. vector analysis was used for comparing pre and postoperative stigmatism. The results were analysed with spss.21 using variance (ANOVA) T.paired and t.undepended tests with significance level set at 0.05.
Results: mean preoperative refractive astigmatism was 2.06±0.86 Diopter (D). post operative mean refractive astigmatism was 1.3±0.8 D after 1 month and 1.2±0.7 D after 12 month. Mean astigmatism correction between preoperative and 1 month was 0.76 D and statistically significant (p=0.001) but there was no significant change in the severity of astigmatism afterwards. Mean surgically induced astigmatism (SIA) was 1.99±0.9 D. astigmatism 12 month changes was 1.06±0.7 D in With the rule group (WTR) and 0.7±0.53 D in Against the rule group (ATR). The difference between the two groups was statistically significant.(p=0.02) This is mainly due to the higher prevalence of astigmatism over-correction in ATR group and its conversion to group WTR group and There was no significant difference in postoperative SIA between the two groups.
Conclusion: Paired OCCI on the steep axis with 4 mm incisions is a useful technique to correct moderate to severe pre-operative astigmatism and depending on the type of astigmatism, its effect varies
Selective toxicity of chrysin on mitochondria isolated from liver of a HCC rat model
No full textFlavonoids are natural compounds that show various biological effects, such as the anti-cancer effect. Chrysin is a flavonoid compound found in honey and propolis. Studies have shown that chrysin has anti-cancer activity due to induction of apoptosis signaling. In the present study, we examined the cytotoxic effect of chrysin against liver mitochondria obtained from the hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) rat model. Diethylnitrosamine (DEN) and 2-acetylaminofluorene (2-AAF) was used for induction of HCC. Mitochondria were isolated from liver hepatocytes using differential centrifugation. Then, hepatocytes and mitochondria markers related to apoptosis signaling were investigated. Our finding indicated an increase in mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, collapse in the mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), swelling in mitochondria, and cytochrome c release (about 1.6 fold) after exposure of mitochondria obtained from the HCC rats group with chrysin (10, 20, and 40 µM) compared to the normal rats group. Furthermore, Chrysin was able to increase caspase-3 activity in the HCC rats group (about 2.4 fold) compared to the normal rats group. According to the results, we proposed that chrysin could be considered as a promising complementary therapeutic candidate for the treatment of HCC, but it requires a further in vivo and clinical studies